At one time, internationally comparable information on student performance was not available for a sufficient number of countries over a long enough period of time to allow
for systematic study, which is why economists relied upon the less informative measures of school attainment.
This does not allow
for the systematic study of non-religious worldviews such as Humanism, a fact that has led to widespread opposition to the content.
We are startled to see that the new GCSE and AS and A level Religious Studies criteria, currently being consulted on by the Government, do not propose to allow
for the systematic study of non-religious worldviews.
To address the need
for systematic studies, within Project EOS we have launched ACCESS (PIs: Mercedes López - Morales, Daniel Apai, Andrés Jordán), a collaborative survey between EOS members at the University of Arizona, the Harvard - Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, and the Carnegie Institution for Science.
Not exact matches
According to this meta -
study (a fancy name
for a literature review), there seems to be a
systematic tendency to downplay the economic costs of climate change policies:
In their November 2016 paper entitled «Applying a
Systematic Investment Process to Distributive Portfolios: A 150 Year
Study Demonstrating Enhanced Outcomes Through Trend Following», Jon Robinson, Brandon Langley, David Childs, Joe Crawford and Ira Ross compare retirement portfolio performances
for variations of the following three strategies that may hold a broad stock market index, a 10 - year government bond index or cash (3 - month government bills) in the U.S., UK or Japan:
The twenty - first - century Church owes a lot to twentieth - century German Catholicism:
for its generosity to Catholics in the Third World;
for the witness of martyrs like Alfred Delp, Bernhard Lichtenberg, and Edith Stein;
for its contributions to Biblical
studies,
systematic and moral theology, liturgical renewal, and Catholic social doctrine, through which German Catholicism played a leading role in Vatican II's efforts to renew Catholic witness
for the third millennium.
For that matter, it can scarcely be considered a theological work — that is, a critical,
systematic study of the deity and of the relationship between the divine sphere and all other spheres of existence.
Theology, if it is to explore adequately the meaning of play and its relation to the sacred, must «
study the various biblical traditions and engage in the
systematic hermeneutical task of appropriating the meaning of the biblical message
for today's world.
(a) Philosophical preoccupation with the various types of cultural activities on an idealistic basis (Johann Gottfried Herder, G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gustav Droysen, Hermann Steinthal, Wilhelm Wundt); (b) legal
studies (Aemilius Ludwig, Richter, Rudolf Sohm, Otto Gierke); (c) philology and archeology, both stimulated by the romantic movement of the first decades of the nineteenth century; (d) economic theory and history (Karl Marx, Lorenz von Stein, Heinrich von Treitschke, Wilhelm Roscher, Adolf Wagner, Gustav Schmoller, Ferdinand Tonnies); (e) ethnological research (Friedrich Ratzel, Adolf Bastian, Rudolf Steinmetz, Johann Jakob Bachofen, Hermann Steinthal, Richard Thurnwald, Alfred Vierkandt, P. Wilhelm Schmidt), on the one hand; and historical and systematical work in theology (church history, canonical law — Kirchenrecht),
systematic theology (Schleiermacher, Richard Rothe), and philosophy of religion, on the other, prepared the way during the nineteenth century
for the following era to define the task of a sociology of religion and to organize the material gathered by these pursuits.7 The names of Max Weber, Ernst Troeltsch, Werner Sombart, and Georg Simmel — all students of the above - mentioned older scholars — stand out.
In this curriculum, three disciplines represent the theoretical side of the dichotomy (biblical
studies, church history and
systematic theology), while practical theology represents the task - oriented program providing the requisite skills
for those preparing
for the professional ministry.
Modern Trends in World Religions, edited by Joseph M. Kitagawa, is not a
systematic introduction to world religions but is useful as a general introduction
for it is a collection of essays on current trends and problems in the
study of world religions as seen by competent scholars who have been reflecting on the results of their research.
Although they cite the Baptist theologian Timothy George in a way that shows his awareness of the ground - breaking work of the World Conference on Faith and Order at Montreal in 1963 on «Scripture, Tradition, and traditions,» Noll and Nystrom make no
systematic use of his insights; they also neglect to note the phraseology of Pope John Paul II when he called
for further
study on «the relationship between Sacred Scripture as the highest authority in matters of faith and Sacred Tradition as indispensable to the interpretation of the Word of God» (Ut Unum Sint, 79)» a formulation that I think may hold the best promise of resolving the question since the sixteenth century.
Undergirding this kind of practical information and savvy there is undoubtedly a place
for a more formal and
systematic study program.
The concern
for theology, not as a particularist discipline but as the search
for human wisdom about the wisdom of God in the creation and redemption of man, is manifest in other disciplines besides Biblical
studies: in
systematic theology frequently, occasionally in Christian ethics, homiletics, religious education and pastoral counseling.
And
studying good exegesis, good Biblical theology, and good philosophical and
systematic theology increases my faith my and my apprehension of God's infinite love
for me and
for everyone in the world.
A recent
systematic review and meta - analysis reported no significant association between the consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)(1), but the
study failed to specify the replacement macronutrient
for saturated fat.
Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980 - 2013: a
systematic analysis
for the Global Burden of Disease
Study 2013
* And in the largest and possible most
systematic study to date, conducted on five different ethnic groups from both Chicago and New York involving over 1,400 subjects Mosenkis (2000) found far more positive adult outcomes
for individuals who coslept as a child, among almost all ethnic groups i.e. African Americans and Puerto Ricans in New York, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, and Mexicans in Chicago than there were negative findings.
However, intervention
studies — both primary
studies and
systematic reviews — rarely assess impacts on socioeconomic inequalities, and thus little is known about which interventions are effective and cost - effective
for reducing those inequalities.2 — 4
Systematic study of activities and topics discussed during home visits is essential
for understanding whether content was delivered as intended and how content varies across families and over time.
A
systematic review of current scientific evidence on the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding identified and summarized
studies comparing exclusive breastfeeding
for 4 to 6 months, versus 6 months.
40 % reduction in the number of children under - 5 who are stunted Direct evidence
for a link between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting is not currently available at the
systematic review level, though a 2015
systematic review and meta - analysis of intervention
studies assessing the effect of breastfeeding promotion interventions on child growth found no significant effect on length or height z scores.
Two review authors independently assessed risk of bias
for each
study using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook
for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Higgins 2011).
Two review authors (H Whitford, T Dowswell, H West, or S Wallis) independently assessed risk of bias
for each
study using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook
for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Higgins 2011).
In addition, structured training in
study design, epidemiology, clinical investigation and health policy research is available
for fellows interested in
systematic pursuit of a career in clinical research or clinical trials.
A third meta - analysis was published in 2007 by Ip et al. 31 The researchers combined socioeconomic status — adjusted ORs of only 3
studies that were determined by the
systematic review conducted by Guise et al32 and published in 2005 to be of good or fair quality: the UK Childhood Cancer
Study, 23 Shu et al, 20 and Dockerty et al. 19 Based on their analyses, they concluded that breastfeeding
for more than 6 months was associated with a 20 % lower risk
for ALL (OR, 0.8; 95 % CI, 0.71 - 0.91).
[iii] Changes in health in England, with analysis by English regions and areas of deprivation, 1990 — 2013: a
systematic analysis
for the Global Burden of Disease
Study 2013 Lancet 2015; 386: 2257 — 74 Published Online September 15, 2015 http://thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736 (15) 00195 - 6.
We also compared the Index to the Cochrane tool
for assessing Risk of Bias in Non-randomized
Studies of Interventions (ROBINS - I)[38], which is widely used to assess research quality in
systematic reviews [59].
Two review authors independently assessed risk of bias
for each
study using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook
for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (the Handbook)(Higgins 2011).
The final stage of developing the ResQu Index was to use it in a
systematic review to assess the quality of
studies (published between 2000 and 2016) on the maternal and perinatal outcomes of different places of birth,
for women with healthy, low - risk pregnancies in high - income countries.
One of the major strengths of the present review is that data were obtained from all relevant
studies identified; 13
studies (76 %) provided additional analyses with
systematic adjustment
for potential confounders (including the 7
studies that reported exclusive feeding).
I imagine too he would have been heartened to have seen Elinor Ostrom win the Nobel Prize
for Economics last year (whose similar, if more
systematic, empirical
studies of commons governance and economics are gaining wider traction in scholarly & policy circles).
In the wake of an EPA
study that found no evidence fracking has had a «widespread,
systematic impact on drinking water,» supporters of the controversial drilling practice are calling on the Cuomo administration to scrap its plans
for a ban.
Instead, the draft subject criteria allow
for some discussion of non-religious beliefs in general but not the
systematic study of humanism.
A number of British physicians observed that nitroglycerin rapidly terminated the intense chest pain of angina, and, following the publication of a
systematic study in 1879, the drug was adopted
for routine medical use.
Researchers at the Veterans Health Administration conducted a
systematic review of 67 published
studies to determine the effectiveness of strategies to reduce or discontinue long - term opioid therapy prescribed
for chronic pain and the effect of dose reduction or discontinuation on important patient outcomes.
«This method has important implications
for the way future
systematic studies are conducted as it provides researchers with a way to strategically target regions of interest in their
study organism, such as single - copy regions of the nuclear genome or portions of organellar genomes, to produce large data sets at low costs,» says Uribe - Convers.
The
study demonstrates the
systematic need to exam each extremity
for musculoskeletal, neurological and vascular damage.
Last year, Devereaux and his colleagues at McMaster, the University of Toronto, and the University at Buffalo published pioneering
systematic reviews and meta - analyses of
studies comparing the mortality rates of private
for - profit hospitals and those of private not -
for - profit hospitals (more commonly, although somewhat inaccurately, referred to as «public hospitals» in Canada).
«Hepatitis C: Life - threatening barriers in access to breakthrough drugs in US: First
systematic study of Medicaid policies
for hepatitis C treatment.»
As he got involved in comparative
studies, he began to see a need
for new,
systematic methods
for evaluating new medical technologies.
One of the interesting things to
study, we know Central Park is important
for migratory birds and we know that they depend upon the food resources that are here, but no one has ever really done a
systematic survey of what actually they are feeding on, like we have never done a canopy
study of all the invertebrates up in the trees to see what's coming out when and what is the predominant part of the diet of different birds and sort of quantifying; but what they have done — people have done — with shore birds and sort of gauging, weighing them, you know, catching them, weighing them, seeing how much weight they gain over time while they are rather resting and feeding before they depart on their northern trip.
Although dozens of previous
studies have hunted
for infectious agents that could trigger Alzheimer's, they haven't been
systematic enough to identify a culprit, Tanzi says.
Finally, says Evrony, the findings provide a proof - of - principle
for a
systematic way of
studying how brain cells disperse and migrate during development, «something that has not been possible to do before in humans,» he says.
These two
studies have provided us with better, more
systematic and accurate ways of predicting before and after surgery, which patients are at greater risk
for complications, allowing us to more accurately assess their conditions, and determine the appropriate course of treatment, care, and rehabilitation.»
The authors point to
studies of harmful and beneficial effects of thrombolytic and antiarrhythmic drugs
for myocardial infarction,
for example: «Not only would
systematic reviews... have reduced waste resulting from unjustified research, they would also have shown how to reduce morbidity and sometimes mortality, both in patients allocated to relatively less effective or actually harmful treatments in unnecessary trials, and in patients generally,» the authors write.
Until now,
studies that challenged the existence of Planet Nine using the data available
for these trans - Neptunian objects argued that there had been
systematic errors linked to the orientations of the orbits (defined by three angles), due to the way in which the observations had been made.
Since there was also no
systematic search
for studies on the comparator therapies, it can be assumed that the data were incomplete.
For this systematic review, researchers looked for studies and other systematic reviews conducted after the American Academy of Neurology's 2011 guideline «Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.&raq
For this
systematic review, researchers looked
for studies and other systematic reviews conducted after the American Academy of Neurology's 2011 guideline «Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.&raq
for studies and other
systematic reviews conducted after the American Academy of Neurology's 2011 guideline «Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.»