Hawkins called
for desegregation of the school district and consolidation with neighboring suburban school districts.
In the highly successful movie «The Great Debaters,» starring Denzel Washington, a student was defending her argument
for the desegregation of schools.
«My intense desire to see my school excel comes not only from an unwavering belief that all students deserve an excellent education, but also the unique role Sousa played in the civil rights movement,» said Kamras referring to a challenge to segregation at Sousa that culminated in Bolling v. Sharpe, the 1954 Supreme Court case that paved the way
for the desegregation of all DC public schools.
After the 1954 Supreme Court decision, Brown v. Board of Education, called
for the desegregation of schools in the United States, districts worked to begin integration, but many areas, like Little Rock, Arkansas, remained resistant.
This federal program was established in the 1960s to assist local education agencies in creating and implementing plans
for the desegregation of public schools.
Not exact matches
Titles include Edwidge Danticat's Mama's Nightingale: A Story
of Immigration and Separation, and Duncan Tonatiuh's Separate Is Never Equal: Sylvia Mendez & Her Family's Fight
for Desegregation.
In a tour de force that will likely be debated
for decades to come, Souter focused on two cases: the Brown v. Board
of Education
desegregation case
of 1954, and the New York Times Co. v. United States Pentagon Papers case
of 1971.
The school
desegregation story illustrates the general principle that to the degree that control
of education is not exercised with a sense
of responsibility
for justice, Federal control will be introduced.
In fact, social conservatives in the USA, led by Christian conservatives, have fought or disagreed with religious diversity, religious equality, abolition
of slavery, Suffrage,
desegregation, integrating the armed forces, Brown v Board
of Education, mixed race marriages, respect and equality
for Jews (not in MY country club!)
This is why I believe it's so important to study both historical religious arguments supporting the abolition
of slavery and historical religious arguments opposing the abolition
of slavery (see my post on Mark Noll's The Civil War as a Theological Crisis»
for a sampling), as well as historical religious arguments supporting
desegregation and historical religious arguments opposing
desegregation — not because I believe both sides are equal, but because the patterns
of argumentation that emerge are so unnervingly familiar:
Football was a backdrop
for the
desegregation battles
of the 1960s, from the fight over James Meredith's enrollment at Ole Miss in 1962 to the integration
of Alabama's football team (and Arkansas», and Texas») a few years later.
I'm only just starting this one, but I can already see that it's more social - history - driven than Free
for All, including some fascinating insights on how such seemingly far - flung issues as race,
desegregation and gender have played into the development
of the current school lunch program.
For example, Dwight Eisenhower sent military troops to Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce Brown v. Board
of Education, which was a legal decision mandating
desegregation nationally (although it was determined based on conditions in Topeka, Kansas).
Hawkins» platform includes tax reform that would create a city income tax, anti-poverty initiatives, state - supported worker co-ops
for poor and working - class people, public ownership
of utilities and
desegregation of schools and housing.
He's also in favor
of free tuition to CUNY colleges
for low - and middle - income students, smaller class sizes in the city's public schools, and
desegregation of the school system, which he noted is the «third most segregated in the nation.»
Also at 12:45 p.m., Coalition
of Westchester organizations hold a press conference and rally calling on the court to enforce a 2009
desegregation order ahead
of a hearing this afternoon on remedies to hold the county accountable
for allegedly breaching its 2009 Consent Decree with HUD, steps
of U.S. District Court, 500 Pearl St., Manhattan.
The statement compared the current push
for police reform to the
desegregation movement
of the 1960s.
His father, who had studied chemistry but switched to law after World War II, helped draft guidelines
for school
desegregation in the 1960s that were adopted by the federal government in its enforcement
of the Civil Rights Act
of 1964.
Residents started leaving the historically white, blue - collar Belmont neighborhood in the 1970s with Dayton's adoption
of busing
for desegregation.
When he showed that white flight to suburbia accelerated in the wake
of central - city
desegregation, the president
of the American Sociological Association called
for his censure or expulsion from the association
for spreading «flammable propaganda.»
Although some research finds that such benefits exist, the available data have not permitted researchers to confirm the causal effects
of desegregation on nonacademic benefits
for the same reasons that it is difficult to produce convincing findings on academic benefits: the nonrandom sorting
of students among school environments and the real possibility that forced busing may produce effects very different from those
of living in a racially or socioeconomically mixed community.
The study, «Resegregation and Equity in Oklahoma City,» authored by Jennifer Jellison
of the Harvard Project on School
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that for the first time sanctioned a return to segregated schooling by stating that districts may be released from a desegregation order if they had met certai
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that
for the first time sanctioned a return to segregated schooling by stating that districts may be released from a
desegregation order if they had met certai
desegregation order if they had met certain conditions.
SE: In his seminal 1972 study titled Inequality, the Harvard - based sociologist and statistician Christopher Jencks wrote, «The case
for or against
desegregation should not be argued in terms
of academic achievement.
Evidence on the achievement effects
of desegregation by income is limited by both an absence
of detailed information on family income (including indicators
for severe poverty or high income) and the difficulty in separating the effects
of students» own circumstances from the influences
of peers.
The U.S. Court
of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit, acting in a case that has been closely monitored across the nation, has upheld a federal district judge's order freezing $ 47.5 - million in Education Department funds pending the Reagan Administration's payment
of desegregation aid to Chicago's schools.
And in another case that has gained widespread attention, the U.S. Court
of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit last week refused to delay implementation
of a voluntary student -
desegregation plan involving public schools in St. Louis and its suburbs.
EN: What are the nonacademic benefits
of desegregation, particularly
for poor and minority students?
In the focus groups we ran, people often discussed the downsides
of desegregation — the biggest
of which is lack
of belongingness, especially
for students
of color who, in many desegregated schools, do not get welcomed in the same way, or get access to the same experience as white students.
The study, «Resegregation and Equity in Oklahoma City,» authored by Jennifer Jellison
of the Harvard Project on School
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that
for the first time...
The findings set the stage
for furthering
desegregation efforts — in particular, court - ordered busing
of students in an attempt to increase the diversity
of city schools.
Initially a tool
for desegregation efforts in the 1970s (i.e., by encouraging white parents to stay in urban districts), magnets have evolved to serve a wide variety
of purposes and settings.
Following a screening
of the documentary, Teach Us All, members
of the Little Rock Nine Minnijean Brown Trickey, visiting writer
for Heritage Studies at Arkansas State University, and Terrence Roberts, principal
of Terrence Roberts Consulting, will discuss their experiences during the
desegregation at Central High in Arkansas.
Like a growing number
of other school districts, Denver is coming to terms with the end
of a court
desegregation order that
for years profoundly influenced, and often dictated, many
of the decisions about education policy made there.
But in recent weeks, settlements in cases involving Bakersfield, Calif., and the Ohio cities
of Lima and Cincinnati have once again directed attention to these specialty schools as they were originally conceived — as tools
for desegregation.
Kansas City schools were already predominantly minority, and the Supreme Court had ruled in the Detroit case that surrounding school districts not found guilty
of segregation could not be pulled into a case to provide more white students
for desegregation.
In reviewing the available research on the effects
of segregation on educational opportunities
for black students, Rivkin concludes the effects
of desegregation are most likely uneven and vary by program and context.
The sweeping anti-busing legislation — approved by the Senate as part
of a bill providing funds
for the Justice Department this year — not only forbids the Justice Department from bringing
desegregation suits that could result in busing and limits the power
of federal courts to order busing
for such purposes, but allows Justice Department officials to support the removal
of court - ordered busing plans already in operation.
It was notorious
for many reasons: First, the court ordered enormous state and city expenditures, intending to attract white schoolchildren from the suburbs to the Kansas City schools so as to provide the minimum number
of white children that proponents
of desegregation considered necessary
for a desegregated or «unitary» school.
But in a new article
for Education Next, «
Desegregation Since the Coleman Report: Racial composition
of schools and student learning,» Steven Rivkin
of the University
of Illinois at Chicago identifies a key trend masquerading as resegregation: the decreasing enrollment share
of white students due to the increasing ethnic diversity
of public schools.
Numerous racial -
desegregation cases, in which the goal
of integration to remedy intentional discrimination is relatively clear, have lasted
for decades.
As the potential
for desegregation efforts is determined by the distribution
of students among districts, I report the index
for districts as well as
for schools.
They have adopted a set
of rules that make it very difficult even
for communities that have had very successful
desegregation to maintain it.
By controlling
for a wide variety
of other characteristics, including the students» own prior performance, our analysis is able to estimate the likely effect
of desegregation within the school.
Researchers found that much
of the progress
for black students since the 1960s was eliminated during a decade which brought three Supreme Court decisions limiting
desegregation remedies.
For an embargoed copy
of «
Desegregation Since the Coleman Report: Racial composition
of schools and student learning» or to speak to the author, contact Jackie Kerstetter at
[email protected].
Yet Coleman also noted that the composition
of a student's peer group was more important
for learning than any other school - related factor, a finding used by the Johnson and Nixon administrations to reinforce their strenuous
desegregation efforts in southern states.
Strong chapters on school
desegregation, bilingual education, education
for the disabled, and school finance all support Davies's argument that «in the 1970s, reform often emanated from... within the federal bureaucracy, from the lower federal courts, and through the energetic efforts
of congressional staffers, lobbyists, and public interest law firms.»
In his 5 1/2 years in Topeka, he has overseen the implementation
of a court - ordered
desegregation plan, the passage
of two bond issues, and the creation
of a strategic plan
for the 14,000 - student district.
In the early 1970s, the federal courts ordered a number
of states to pay school
desegregation costs, but these rulings were limited in number and had little overall effect on state systems
for school funding.
Through her involvement as a research assistant
for the CRP — a position she started in 2005 when she was still a doctoral student at HGSE — Garces has served as counsel
of record in three amicus curiae briefs
for the Supreme Court, including the recent Fisher v. University
of Texas, and previously on a case involving the constitutionality
of K — 12 voluntary
desegregation policies.