Sentences with phrase «for urban heat island»

I would also observe that this data is uncorrected for urban heat island effects (as cities urbanize they get hotter, and effect that is different than CO2 - cause global warming and is usually corrected for in global warming studies).

Whether the CET with its focus on the industrial heartland of England has been adequately adjusted for Urban Heat Island as claimed is a question frequently asked of us.

Urban to non-urban temperature differences of several degrees reported in numerous case studies are typically taken under optimal conditions for urban heat island development, with differences reduced considerably in long - term averages.

I also KNOW that NONE of this raw temperature data has been corrected for ANY Urban Heat Island Effects.

When the readings from all rural and urban stations are taken together and adjusted for the urban heat island effect, it's clear global average temperatures are increasing.

That's some pretty fancy data «adjusting» sleight of hand, to adjust for the urban heat island effect & end up with higher rather than lower temperatures.

«urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface records» Contrary to Gavin's assertion, there is no evidence that CRU or NOAA correct their records for urban heat island effects.

I quickly saw the weakness of their treatment (i.e. lack thereof) of land - based stations for the urban heat island effect (UHIE).

Many more flawed or misleading presentations of Global Warming science exist in the book, including those on Arctic sea ice thinning, correction of land - based temperature measurements for the urban heat island effect, satellite vs. ground - based measurements of Earth's warming, and controversies over sea level rise estimates.

There are good explanations of this bias as well, such as failure to properly account for the urban heat island effect.

This is relevant for the urban heat island problem, because we have the same problem when comparing the urban stations to rural stations.

Furthermore, it is based on data that has been subjectively and manually adjusted, and it makes no allowance for Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects.

By taking the estimate of 0.1 degrees C per decade and multiplying by 5 to get 0.5 degrees C, or 44 %, Geoffry Smith gets a rather larger figure for his urban heat island effect estimate than he would from the more direct subtraction of 0.81 from 1.13 (0.32 degrees C, or 38 %).

The latter involves an automatic correction for the urban heat island effect.

Not much room for the Urban Heat Island effect there.

This leads to a massive over-adjustment for urban heat island in summer, because the urban heat island in Moscow is mostly a winter phenomenon (see e.g. Lokoshchenko and Isaev).

That should be compared with rural stations to correct for urban heat island effect.

Not only the public, but industry and every other country have accepted the science and the idea that emissions need to be reduced, so a rag - tag group of skeptics would have a hard time with making their case for urban heat islands or whatever their current fad is.

Not exact matches

The non-profit Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC), for instance, suggests roofing surfaces that reflect the sun's heat so as to reduce the urban heat island effect while improving residential energy efficiency.

For example, greening neighbourhoods or painting roofs lighter colours will both reduce the urban heat - island effect and reduce carbon - dioxide emissions through reduced air - conditioning costs, while making cities more resistant to storm damage would reduce emissions generated from rebuilding devastated areas.»

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages the creation of green roofs for mitigating the urban «heat island effect,» whereby temperatures in crowded cities can soar some 10 degrees Fahrenheit higher than in less developed areas nearby.

As the earth continues to warm due to the buildup of greenhouse gases, heat waves are expected to become more severe, particularly for cities, where concrete and a dearth of trees create what's known as the urban heat island effect.

On the other hand, they say the city could grow even more resilient due to the ongoing efforts to reduce the urban heat island effect — for instance through programs to install reflective roofs and plant trees, as well as to protect vulnerable populations through heat warning systems and the availability of cooling centers.

A University of Georgia study using a new method for calculating urban heat island intensities clarifies the conflict on whether urban density or sprawl amplify these effects more.

Reducing the urban heat island effect is becoming increasingly important as cities prepare for future warming.

Surface data are more adequately corrected for urban island heat effect in the US and other OECD countries.

If urban heat islands are to be discounted when looking for trends — surely they must be included when looking at the big picture.

When the urban heat island effect was taken into account, they found that the economic cost of climate change for these cities would be 2.6 times higher than previously thought.

If you take into account that virtually all the world's concrete and asphalt which causes the positive feedback of UHI (urban heat island) was made after 1940 you could tweak up the model inputs for solar and down for CO2 and get just the same result for surface temperature.

These days, with global warming and urban heat islands, mosquitoes have expanded their season and their territory; the American Heartworm Society has amended its guidelines to provide up - to - date recommendations for your dog and cat.

The contrarian's purpose for focusing on urban heat islands is not to improve accuracy but to cast unreasonable doubt upon a process which is working quite well.

For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for for it.

Surface data are more adequately corrected for urban island heat effect in the US and other OECD countries.

However, the actual claim of IPCC is that the effects of urban heat islands effects are likely small in the gridded temperature products (such as produced by GISS and Climate Research Unit (CRU)-RRB- because of efforts to correct for those biases.

Likewise, they prefer to debate urban heat island effects rather than to discuss the rising temperature trends, other clear signs of rising temperatures, the positive feedbacks which are beginning to kick in so that climate change will take on a life of its own independently of what we do in the future if changes are not made now (# 111, «Storm World» post, comment # 141) and what such climate change will imply for humanity as a whole (Curve manipulation, comment # 74, A Saturated Gassy Argument, comment # 116).

The new data set has much to recommend it over existing compilations: completeness of the data set and transparency of the data and methods, plus new methods for averaging the data and identifying the urban heat island effect.

For example, urban heat islands may be affecting a large fraction of the world's population (perhaps as much as 50 %, the reported fraction of the population living in cities today)-- so is that a global effect, or a local one?

But isn't the UHI effect something other than this «microscale variability» that would be evident at a regional, spatial scale as a «hot spot» for instance (thus the urban heat island).

The» top ten» arguments employed by the relatively few deniers with credentials in any aspect of climate - change science (which arguments include «the sun is doing it», «Earth's climate was changing before there were people here», «climate is changing on Mars but there are no SUVs there», «the Earth hasn't been warming since 1998», «thermometer records showing heating are contaminated by the urban - heat - island effect», «satellite measurements show cooling rather than warming») have all been shown in the serious scientific literature to be wrong or irrelevant, but explaining their defects requires at least a paragraph or two for each one.

Well, while I'm waiting for the reams of evidence of AGW to come in, I thought I'd write about UHI (Urban Heat Islands) and global average tempertures.

In like manner, if I believe that the urban heat island effect is responsible for AGW, why can't I just subtract the urban temperature profile from the global surface temperature record and «whalla», problem solved.

Generally, the remaining uncorrected effect from urban heat islands is now believed to be less than 0.1 C, and in some parts of the world it may be more than fully compensated for by other changes in measurement methods.4 Nevertheless, this remains an important source of uncertainty.The warming trend observed over the past century is too large to be easily dismissed as a consequence of measurement errors.

Reference 2 shows that the urban heat island accounts for ~ 40 % of total warming, as opposed to < 10 % in the Jones 1990 paper.

Tokyo, for example, has been planting trees and shrubs on the rooftops of buildings to help offset the urban heat island effect and cool the city.

This is one of the main challenges with the urban heat island problem — it is harder to keep enough staff to maintain a continuous temperature record at an isolated rural location for a century (or longer) than in the heart of a thriving metropolis.

Silva, H. R., P. E. Phelan, and J. S. Golden, 2010: Modeling effects of urban heat island mitigation strategies on heat - related morbidity: A case study for Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

This urban heat island has benefits for the residents, e.g., it has led to a 9 % reduction in the number of freezing degree days and earlier snowmelt in the town.

For example, although there are numerous benefits to urban greening, such as reducing the urban heat island effect while simultaneously promoting an active healthy lifestyle, 248,310,311 the urban planting of certain allergenic pollen producing species22 could increase human pollen exposure and allergic illness.

Aside from the problems urban heat islands can cause for city - dwellers, they also create an insidious problem for researchers who want to use weather station records to estimate global temperature trends.

Urban heat island reduction plans (for example, planted green roofs) represent one ongoing intervention.