Sentences with phrase «for urban heating effects»

A group of skeptical auditors wanted to make sure that when the UEA CRU surface record was putatively adjusted for urban heating effects, that these effects were estimated robustly and that corrections were in fact correctly implemented.

This raw data is analyzed using methods that account for the distribution of temperature stations around the globe and for urban heating effects that could skew the calculations.

Not exact matches

The non-profit Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC), for instance, suggests roofing surfaces that reflect the sun's heat so as to reduce the urban heat island effect while improving residential energy efficiency.

For example, greening neighbourhoods or painting roofs lighter colours will both reduce the urban heat - island effect and reduce carbon - dioxide emissions through reduced air - conditioning costs, while making cities more resistant to storm damage would reduce emissions generated from rebuilding devastated areas.»

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages the creation of green roofs for mitigating the urban «heat island effect,» whereby temperatures in crowded cities can soar some 10 degrees Fahrenheit higher than in less developed areas nearby.

As the earth continues to warm due to the buildup of greenhouse gases, heat waves are expected to become more severe, particularly for cities, where concrete and a dearth of trees create what's known as the urban heat island effect.

On the other hand, they say the city could grow even more resilient due to the ongoing efforts to reduce the urban heat island effect — for instance through programs to install reflective roofs and plant trees, as well as to protect vulnerable populations through heat warning systems and the availability of cooling centers.

A University of Georgia study using a new method for calculating urban heat island intensities clarifies the conflict on whether urban density or sprawl amplify these effects more.

Reducing the urban heat island effect is becoming increasingly important as cities prepare for future warming.

Surface data are more adequately corrected for urban island heat effect in the US and other OECD countries.

When the urban heat island effect was taken into account, they found that the economic cost of climate change for these cities would be 2.6 times higher than previously thought.

That should be compared with rural stations to correct for urban heat island effect.

For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for for it.

Surface data are more adequately corrected for urban island heat effect in the US and other OECD countries.

However, the actual claim of IPCC is that the effects of urban heat islands effects are likely small in the gridded temperature products (such as produced by GISS and Climate Research Unit (CRU)-RRB- because of efforts to correct for those biases.

Likewise, they prefer to debate urban heat island effects rather than to discuss the rising temperature trends, other clear signs of rising temperatures, the positive feedbacks which are beginning to kick in so that climate change will take on a life of its own independently of what we do in the future if changes are not made now (# 111, «Storm World» post, comment # 141) and what such climate change will imply for humanity as a whole (Curve manipulation, comment # 74, A Saturated Gassy Argument, comment # 116).

Differences between the temperature anomaly products is related to: different selections of input data, different methods for assessing urban heating effects, and (most important) different methodologies for estimating temperatures in data - poor regions like the Arctic.

The new data set has much to recommend it over existing compilations: completeness of the data set and transparency of the data and methods, plus new methods for averaging the data and identifying the urban heat island effect.

Not much room for the Urban Heat Island effect there.

The latter involves an automatic correction for the urban heat island effect.

For example, urban heat islands may be affecting a large fraction of the world's population (perhaps as much as 50 %, the reported fraction of the population living in cities today)-- so is that a global effect, or a local one?

But isn't the UHI effect something other than this «microscale variability» that would be evident at a regional, spatial scale as a «hot spot» for instance (thus the urban heat island).

The» top ten» arguments employed by the relatively few deniers with credentials in any aspect of climate - change science (which arguments include «the sun is doing it», «Earth's climate was changing before there were people here», «climate is changing on Mars but there are no SUVs there», «the Earth hasn't been warming since 1998», «thermometer records showing heating are contaminated by the urban - heat - island effect», «satellite measurements show cooling rather than warming») have all been shown in the serious scientific literature to be wrong or irrelevant, but explaining their defects requires at least a paragraph or two for each one.

For example, higher - trending urban stations, which are unreliable because of the Urban Heat Effect (UHE), can be used to adjust more reliable lower - trending rural staturban stations, which are unreliable because of the Urban Heat Effect (UHE), can be used to adjust more reliable lower - trending rural statUrban Heat Effect (UHE), can be used to adjust more reliable lower - trending rural stations.

This is a major Rift in the AGW's story along with the «corrections» NCDC makes to the data for poor location and urban heat effects.

In like manner, if I believe that the urban heat island effect is responsible for AGW, why can't I just subtract the urban temperature profile from the global surface temperature record and «whalla», problem solved.

Generally, the remaining uncorrected effect from urban heat islands is now believed to be less than 0.1 C, and in some parts of the world it may be more than fully compensated for by other changes in measurement methods.4 Nevertheless, this remains an important source of uncertainty.The warming trend observed over the past century is too large to be easily dismissed as a consequence of measurement errors.

By taking the estimate of 0.1 degrees C per decade and multiplying by 5 to get 0.5 degrees C, or 44 %, Geoffry Smith gets a rather larger figure for his urban heat island effect estimate than he would from the more direct subtraction of 0.81 from 1.13 (0.32 degrees C, or 38 %).

Tokyo, for example, has been planting trees and shrubs on the rooftops of buildings to help offset the urban heat island effect and cool the city.

Furthermore, it is based on data that has been subjectively and manually adjusted, and it makes no allowance for Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects.

Silva, H. R., P. E. Phelan, and J. S. Golden, 2010: Modeling effects of urban heat island mitigation strategies on heat - related morbidity: A case study for Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

For example, although there are numerous benefits to urban greening, such as reducing the urban heat island effect while simultaneously promoting an active healthy lifestyle, 248,310,311 the urban planting of certain allergenic pollen producing species22 could increase human pollen exposure and allergic illness.

Modeling effects of urban heat island mitigation strategies on heat - related morbidity: A case study for Phoenix, Arizona, USA

The satellite data, for example, shows cooling... The argument is that there has been warming since then but, in fact, almost all of that is due to what is called the «urban heat island» effect... [DC: Nice...]

For example, the UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect warms cities more at night than during the day... so obviously CO2 is not the only possible reason for night - time warmiFor example, the UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect warms cities more at night than during the day... so obviously CO2 is not the only possible reason for night - time warmifor night - time warming.

The urban heat effect has been discounted and can not explain the warming oceans, says Thomas Wigley, a climatologist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado.

In fact, they found that white roofs provide little benefit for urban heating and may even cause a net warming effect.

Correcting that estimate for the millennium warming cycle, ie, the temperature recovery from the Little Ice Age, and the urban heat island effect gives an ECS best estimate of 1.0 °C.

You seem to be leaving out the ocean temperature data, as additional evidence for global warming independent of the urban heating effect: http://www.john-daly.com/mobydick/oceans.htm

Therefore one must correct for the time of observation bias before one tries to determine the effect of the urban heat island»

There are good explanations of this bias as well, such as failure to properly account for the urban heat island effect.

``... this robust old station, despite the urban effects, shows that there's been no statistically significant warming in Prague since 1800 (and at most 0.5 °C or so in 200 years, and I haven't subtracted any corrections for the intensification of Prague's urban heat island which may be as much as 0.6 °C per century and which would probably revert the 200 - year trend to a significant cooling!)

When it comes to climate change, QTIIPS stands for, Quackery and Tautologous Ignorant Ideological Professional Sorcerery, which explains in part why the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect even exists...

@Mike Edwards: There are lots of studies — hundreds, at least — of the urban heat island effect, and quite a lot of effort has gone into identifying, quantifying, modelling, and adjusting for the effect of UHI on global temperature records.

Many more flawed or misleading presentations of Global Warming science exist in the book, including those on Arctic sea ice thinning, correction of land - based temperature measurements for the urban heat island effect, satellite vs. ground - based measurements of Earth's warming, and controversies over sea level rise estimates.

While the main culprit is carbon emissions, urban heat islands — exacerbated by dark roofs and pavements — make the effect of global warming even worse for urban dwellers.

I quickly saw the weakness of their treatment (i.e. lack thereof) of land - based stations for the urban heat island effect (UHIE).

Adjustments are done for many reasons: because there are gaps in the temperature recording stations, because recording stations break, because a new station differs from the old station, because recording stations must be moved, or because the time of day they're read changes, or they shut down because of funding cuts, or the person reading it retires or dies or can't do it as often as they once did, because of urban heat island effects, or because other stations are too close (or toop far) relative to the averge, etc.........

For those of you labouring under the illusion that there is no Urban Heat Island effect... NASA disagrees with you.

Urban Heat Island profile Image from Lawrence Berkeley Labs From the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Spring comes sooner to urban heat islands, with potential consequences for wildlife Urban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetaUrban Heat Island profile Image from Lawrence Berkeley Labs From the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Spring comes sooner to urban heat islands, with potential consequences for wildlife Urban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetatHeat Island profile Image from Lawrence Berkeley Labs From the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Spring comes sooner to urban heat islands, with potential consequences for wildlife Urban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetaurban heat islands, with potential consequences for wildlife Urban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetatheat islands, with potential consequences for wildlife Urban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetaUrban - dwelling plants around the globe typically get a head start on the growing season compared to their rural counterparts because of the urban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetaurban heat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetatheat island effect, the phenomenon in which cities tend to be warmer than nonurban areas due to their plethora of built surfaces — made of concrete, asphalt and more — and scarcity of vegetation.