Sentences with phrase «for urban warming»

Nic Lewis calculated a ESC = 1.45 °C from empirical measurements, but did not correct for urban warming nor the millennium warming cycle.

Without further argument or justification, Johnson et al 1991 do not support the asssumption that Tmin changes are a proxy for urban warming impact.

... Since 1974 the data have been adjusted to allow for urban warming.»

This takes public domain data provided by the Met Services, homogenises it and makes a correction for urban warming based on nearby rural stations.

Not exact matches

He said lightening roofs and roads in urban environments would offset the global warming effects of all the cars in the world for 11 years.

From large urban healthcare campuses to smaller regional medical centers, Towne Health has been providing warm welcomes and safe departures from coast to coast for over two decades.

Every detail of Loews Regency is focused on enticing today's sophisticated, urban traveler, by offering them warm, personalized service and the benefit of the perfect Park Avenue location for a true New York experience.»

But while the strategy is getting a warm welcome in other communities, back home in Albany concerns are building about the urban residents it leaves behind, and economic development officials maintain that its very success so far is a compelling reason for more state investment.

Fox, two urban planners, Chris Tepper and Paul Kelterborn, and government relations specialist Ethan Geto won warm shout - outs for their dogged efforts to realize their vision in a patch of urban redevelopment for which there were many competing ideas.

Urban says the data call for larger and longer - term experiments to test how these species may adapt to gradual warming.

As the earth continues to warm due to the buildup of greenhouse gases, heat waves are expected to become more severe, particularly for cities, where concrete and a dearth of trees create what's known as the urban heat island effect.

The researchers then plugged these results into a model to determine the extent to which urban warming impacted carbon storage for all of the willow oaks in Raleigh.

The new analysis combines sea - surface temperature records with meteorological station measurements and tests alternative choices for ocean records, urban warming and tropical and Arctic oscillations.

Stubborn urban smogs will become a common reality if the world keeps warming, with serious consequences for health.

Reducing the urban heat island effect is becoming increasingly important as cities prepare for future warming.

Frustrated by the ongoing diplomatic stalemate, a number of urban leaders have decided to take matters into their own hands, adopting solutions that already exist or inventing new ones for limiting greenhouse gas emissions and preparing for the effects of ongoing global warming.

«We're interested in how urban warming affects the ecology of insects and what implications that might have for understanding how global warming might impact insects outside of the city, «said Elsa Youngsteadt, an entomology research associate at NCSU and co-lead author of the study.

-- 7) Forest models for Montana that account for changes in both climate and resulting vegetation distribution and patterns; 8) Models that account for interactions and feedbacks in climate - related impacts to forests (e.g., changes in mortality from both direct increases in warming and increased fire risk as a result of warming); 9) Systems thinking and modeling regarding climate effects on understory vegetation and interactions with forest trees; 10) Discussion of climate effects on urban forests and impacts to cityscapes and livability; 11) Monitoring and time - series data to inform adaptive management efforts (i.e., to determine outcome of a management action and, based on that outcome, chart future course of action); 12) Detailed decision support systems to provide guidance for managing for adaptation.

Available at Urbanoutfitters.com, this pair of warmly dark - toned tiny sunglasses is just the best mix between hippie and urban aesthetics, and is basically meant to be for any beach party (especially if it includes an equally warm bonfire).

It is nice and loose for warm holiday weather without looking sloppy, and would look appropriate in an urban environment as well.

I love these new lip glosses from Urban Decay, and these new sheer lipsticks from L'Oreal Paris are perfect for the warmer weather.

I wore this to a little blogger event for Vogue x Urban Decay a few nights back and then again during one warm afternoon with a pair...

It's for those who really love what they do, because who in their right minds likes to voluntary run around in an urban tundra, spending more time outside than in — and I'm not even going to start about cab money spendings — when it's minus 10... Weather forecast looks not too bad though, but surely it's not going to be warm.

This week on Painted Ladies I showed you 7 new Urban Decay Vice Lipsticks that are gorgeous and perfect for warmer weather makeup.

As warmed - over as the material is, director Philipp Stölzl («North Face») does show flair for the kind of cool action best achieved in European urban locales.

Amongst the bad news is the spread of invasive species, chemical pollution, global warming, species decline, over-logging and urban sprawl (for example in 15 years Pennsylvania has increased its «urban footprint» by 47 % while its population has increased by only 2.5 %).

These days, with global warming and urban heat islands, mosquitoes have expanded their season and their territory; the American Heartworm Society has amended its guidelines to provide up - to - date recommendations for your dog and cat.

Today, the original address for timeless Dallas refinement re-emerges as a smart, urban destination for a new century of hospitality, promising every guest a warm and extraordinary experience.

LAURI HAS CREATED PUBLIC ART INSTALLATIONS FOR Creative Time Central Park Conservancy Flux Projects (debut artist High Museum of Art Paradise Garden Foundation Miami Art Basel: Aqua Art Atlanta Beltline Urban Development Metro Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority Le Flash Roswell Arts Renaissance Luminosity Gainesville Arts Council City of Dalton Georgia Department of Economic Development City of Warm Springs + Meriwether County Rabun County City of Madison City of Griffin + Spalding County Pasaquan Preservation Society City of Kingsland PNC Arts on the Vineyard France Atlanta saultopaul + Walker County

After much debate the issue was pretty much settled, in terms of figuring out how to compensate for the urban effect and detecting a warming trend anyway, by 1990.

For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for For historical perspective, the very first person to compile weather data that showed global warming, G.S. Callendar back in 1938, already thought of the urban heat island effect and made an effort to compensate for for it.

For our 2007 series called «The Climate Divide,» Dr. Mendelsohn told me that in semi-arid regions facing worsening extremes in a warming world, it's perhaps best to encourage people to abandon rain - fed agriculture and move to urban centers.

But for the moment, twin trends are exacerbating the threat: the urban rush in developing countries, in which millions of poor people are settling on fragile slopes and floodplains, and rising odds of rain falling in dangerous downpours in a warming world.

The 2005 Jan - Sep land data (which is adjusted for urban biases) is higher than the previously warmest year (0.76 °C compared to the 1998 anomaly of 0.75 °C for the same months, and a 0.71 °C anomaly for the whole year), while the land - ocean temperature index (which includes sea surface temperature data) is trailing slightly behind (0.58 °C compared to 0.60 °C Jan - Sep, 0.56 °C for the whole of 1998).

The» top ten» arguments employed by the relatively few deniers with credentials in any aspect of climate - change science (which arguments include «the sun is doing it», «Earth's climate was changing before there were people here», «climate is changing on Mars but there are no SUVs there», «the Earth hasn't been warming since 1998», «thermometer records showing heating are contaminated by the urban - heat - island effect», «satellite measurements show cooling rather than warming») have all been shown in the serious scientific literature to be wrong or irrelevant, but explaining their defects requires at least a paragraph or two for each one.

Some cynics have long argued that «ocean acidification» is little more than a green urban myth: a fallback position for when the man - made - global - warming theory finally collapses and another excuse is needed to justify the increasingly unjustifiable war on carbon dioxide.

Generally, the remaining uncorrected effect from urban heat islands is now believed to be less than 0.1 C, and in some parts of the world it may be more than fully compensated for by other changes in measurement methods.4 Nevertheless, this remains an important source of uncertainty.The warming trend observed over the past century is too large to be easily dismissed as a consequence of measurement errors.

Reference 2 shows that the urban heat island accounts for ~ 40 % of total warming, as opposed to < 10 % in the Jones 1990 paper.

Urban - related warming over China is shown to be about 0.1 deg C decade -LRB--1) over the period 1951â $ «2004, with true climatic warming accounting for 0.81 deg C over this period».

As we discussed above, for almost all of NASA's adjustments to remove an urban warming trend there is an equivalent adjustment to remove an «urban cooling» trend from another station.

It is only for the urban stations that the recent warm period seems «unusually warm».

The vast majority of their adjustments involved correcting for «urban cooling», whereas urbanization bias is predominantly a warming bias.

Anthropogenic effects can also cause a non-climatic cooling, for example, as a result of irrigation and planting of vegetation, but these effects are usually outweighed by urban warming.

In this essay, we summarise the main points of our three «Urbanization bias» papers, which we have submitted for peer review at the Open Peer Review Journal.It has been known since at least the 19th century that urban areas are warmer than rural areas.

The satellite data, for example, shows cooling... The argument is that there has been warming since then but, in fact, almost all of that is due to what is called the «urban heat island» effect... [DC: Nice...]

For example, the UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect warms cities more at night than during the day... so obviously CO2 is not the only possible reason for night - time warmiFor example, the UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect warms cities more at night than during the day... so obviously CO2 is not the only possible reason for night - time warmifor night - time warming.

The urban heat effect has been discounted and can not explain the warming oceans, says Thomas Wigley, a climatologist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado.

Since you can not explain why correction for urban heating creates a warmer trend — and not a cooler trend!

In fact, they found that white roofs provide little benefit for urban heating and may even cause a net warming effect.

Correcting that estimate for the millennium warming cycle, ie, the temperature recovery from the Little Ice Age, and the urban heat island effect gives an ECS best estimate of 1.0 °C.