Sentences with phrase «for volcanic»

Learn more about travel insurance and the volcanic ash cloud in the press release It's Too Late to Buy Travel Insurance for the Volcanic Ash Cancellations, Squaremouth Warns.

Travel Delay coverage for Natural Disasters: In order for a volcanic eruption to be covered under the Trip Delay benefit within Tin Leg policies, it must meet the following requirements for minimum length of delay:

Most standard Trip Cancellation policies include coverage for volcanic eruptions that prevent travel.

«It's too late to purchase new coverage for this volcanic eruption, as it is now considered a foreseen event,» said Squaremouth Zero Complaint Manager Brandi Morse.

Expensive trips should be covered with «cancel for any reason» if you're worried about the potential for a volcanic eruption that might cause you to cancel.

The sea surface temperature anomalies for the East Pacific show cooling if they're adjusted for volcanic aerosols:

The low efficacy for volcanic forcing is expected, and partly reflects the delay in GMST reponse to a forcing impulse, which matters here as volcanic forcing is impulse like.

I also don't know how the wikipedia article gets its baseline for volcanic forcing.

However, the concept of efficacy implies that the value of lambda may vary between forcings; it may be higher for volcanic forcing than for most forcings, because it has peculiar effects.

Other than for volcanic and to some extent solar, the forcings increase or decrease monotonically.

The difference between 0.5 to 0.6 and 0.84 may be largely due to GCMs often exhibiting too strong a response to volcanic aerosols and / or a tendency for volcanic eruptions to be closely followed by El Nino events.

I agree that Hansen et al 2005 does not show such a low efficacy for volcanic forcing, but they estimate an efficacy of 0.84 for the iRF from a «one third Pinatubo», which is some way below 1.0.

... our results indicate a greater role for volcanic aerosols in past decade - to - century climate than found in some previous work and a lesser, but still significant, role for solar forcing.»

The system does the same for volcanic eruptions, for it reveals that volcanoes heave and sag over many centimetres as the molten rock deep below swells and shrinks.

If we correct for volcanic activity and CFCs, all that is left is the cooling trend.

Foster and Rahmstorf characterize ENSO by using the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), aerosol optical thickness data (AOD) for volcanic activity, and solar irradiance data (from PMOD) to characterize solar activity.

«It will be harder for the volcanic gasses to reach high enough into atmosphere to help cool the planet.»

Schlindwein, V., Müller, C. & Jokat, W. Seismoacoustic evidence for volcanic activity on the ultraslow - spreading Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean.

They apply equal - sized adjustments to each hemispheric dataset for volcanic and ENSO effects.

• a range of scenarios for volcanic eruptions (the models assume that the volcanic activity will be comparable to the 20th century, which had much lower volcanic activity than the 19th century)

Using a 1869 — 1882 base period and a 2007 − 2016 final period, which are well - matched for volcanic activity and influence from internal variability, medians are derived for ECS of 1.50 K (5 − 95 %: 1.05 − 2.45 K) and for TCR of 1.20 K (5 − 95 %: 0.9 − 1.7 K).

Wikipedia says the Eyjafjallajökull eruption was relatively small for volcanic eruptions.

The Hansen paper is an extreme case, combining a strong volcanic forcing with a model with high sensitivity, and so probably provides an upper bound for the volcanic influence on temperature.

Convective patterns driven by heat transport in the interior of the Earth push one crustal plate under another (subduction) and the friction heats up the magma necessary for volcanic action — which in turn releases CO2 into the atmosphere.

There was a strong role for volcanic forcing during the LIA — a fact which the «sun does everything» crowd seems to not fully grasp.

I am wondering if they are going to end up using the «Goldilocks» temperature analogy for volcanic impact or not?

I have determined that what goes for volcanic cooling is not caused by the volcano but by dumb luck.

Then add a pinch of salt for each volcanic winter.

For volcanic emissions it depends on the type of volcanic emission, the height of the plume and the size of the particles.

Because of its episodic and transitory nature, it is difficult to give a best estimate for the volcanic RF, unlike the other agents.

For Volcanic effects, though location is critical, in general volcanic effects have a more even, global impact.

But the first effect of SO2 is exactly the same as for volcanic aerosols: oxidizing to SO3 (via ozone and OH radicals), attracting water and the formation of reflecting drops.

I also found a paper analyzing sulfate from a different Greenland ice core for volcanic eruption signals: http://epic.awi.de/Publications/Big2001a.pdf

After accounting for volcanic and human effects, the residual variability in land - surface temperature is observed to closely mirror (and for slower changes slightly lead) variations in the Gulf Stream.

Sure you can compensate to a degree for the volcanic component, but why not have better, cleaner data?

I am suspicious of cherry picking in the uniformity, particularly as I learned that the time of day and the location etc are carefully picked, and also that corrections are applied for volcanic CO2 in Mauna Loa.

They show no trends in atmospheric transmission except for volcanic eruptions.

For ENSO I used the MEI index, for volcanic forcing I used data from Ammann et al. 2003, GRL 30, 1657.

Other studies have come up with other splits — including some which find a dominant role for volcanic forcing.

[Response: As explained in the paper, it doesn't happen just for volcanic eruptions, but for any temperature excursion of more than about 1C relative to the reference period baseline.

The variation in effect of 1:9 for solar (0.1 K in MBH, 0.9 K in bore hole reconstructions, 0.1 K for volcanic in both) is simply the result of different millennium reconstructions.

The portion associated with short term forcings (solar, unaccounted - for volcanic aerosols, undercounts of Chinese pollution) will depend on their long term evolution — if they stabilise, you'd get a delay.

For volcanic, there may be some overestimating of historical influences, as the influence of temperature and reduced solar input (less insolation) on tree rings is hardly to separate.

For volcanic, they say «We stick to the same dataset used by Crowley (2000)».

Through paleo - climate simulations for the last millennium with climate models, a number of alternate forcing histories for volcanic and solar changes have been proposed to see their effect on past climate variations.

Spencer Clark aka Monopoly Child Star Searchers compiled this mix for Volcanic Tongue, comprised of artists soon to be released on Clark's label, Pacific City Sound Visions.

Choose between our regular package, straight from your hotel to orientation, or a more leisurely experience with an overnight stay in the beautiful village of Toya Bungkah, famous for its volcanic hot springs!

Explore the scenic beauty and wonders of Hidden Valley Springs Resort, known for its volcanic terrain, splendid mountainous scenery, and natural landscapes.

Bali is an island in Indonesia known for its volcanic mountains, iconic rice paddies, world - class surfing, great scuba diving and numerous yoga and meditation retreats.

Lagoa das Furnas Rich for its volcanic activity like the hot water fumaroles, mud and medicinal waters.