Most standard Trip Cancellation policies include coverage
for volcanic eruptions that prevent travel.
The difference between 0.5 to 0.6 and 0.84 may be largely due to GCMs often exhibiting too strong a response to volcanic aerosols and / or a tendency
for volcanic eruptions to be closely followed by El Nino events.
The system does the same
for volcanic eruptions, for it reveals that volcanoes heave and sag over many centimetres as the molten rock deep below swells and shrinks.
• a range of scenarios
for volcanic eruptions (the models assume that the volcanic activity will be comparable to the 20th century, which had much lower volcanic activity than the 19th century)
Wikipedia says the Eyjafjallajökull eruption was relatively small
for volcanic eruptions.
They show no trends in atmospheric transmission except
for volcanic eruptions.
[Response: As explained in the paper, it doesn't happen just
for volcanic eruptions, but for any temperature excursion of more than about 1C relative to the reference period baseline.
It is anticipated that the computational approach developed in this study can also provide important insights on the role of magma degassing as a potential trigger
for volcanic eruptions.
«Creating a stopwatch
for volcanic eruptions: Potential for future eruptions at Yellowstone volcano.»
«Improving how we anticipate activity using new technology such as this is an important first step in doing better at forecasting and preparing
for volcanic eruptions,» said STREVA Principal Investigator, Dr Jenni Barclay.
In a new study published Wednesday in Frontiers in Earth Science, the Savoy researchers applied data assimilation to a volcano model to see if the technique could accurately predict an important parameter
for volcanic eruptions: magma overpressure.
Their study also did not incorporate other important predictors
for volcanic eruptions such as earthquakes and gas output — although the researchers plan to include these measurements in future studies.
Surely, they could've spent an extra hundred million
for a volcanic eruption sequence where Christian and Anastasia get buried in molten lava while playing with vibrators in their torture room.
I also found a paper analyzing sulfate from a different Greenland ice core
for volcanic eruption signals: http://epic.awi.de/Publications/Big2001a.pdf
Expensive trips should be covered with «cancel for any reason» if you're worried about the potential
for a volcanic eruption that might cause you to cancel.
«It's too late to purchase new coverage
for this volcanic eruption, as it is now considered a foreseen event,» said Squaremouth Zero Complaint Manager Brandi Morse.
Travel Delay coverage for Natural Disasters: In order
for a volcanic eruption to be covered under the Trip Delay benefit within Tin Leg policies, it must meet the following requirements for minimum length of delay:
Not exact matches
W. H. Bramble Airport, named
for William Henry Bramble, chief minister of Montserrat, was the only way of flying to and from the Caribbean island until it was destroyed by a
volcanic eruption in 1997.
Some of the more extreme forecasts made
for this time period include alien visitations / invasions, catastrophic asteroid impacts, violent
volcanic eruptions and massive earthquakes.
Ditto
for some vary large
volcanic eruptions or a nuclear war.
If you are the target of parental abuse, you're probably living in fear every day of what your teen will do next, always waiting
for what will set off a
volcanic eruption.
Clinton, N.Y. >> Samples of Hawaii's destructive lava have been analyzed in the Hamilton Analytical Laboratory
for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) scientists to better understand the on - going
volcanic eruption.
The second event was a paper published by Cole - Dai and two colleagues titled «Ice Core Evidence
for an Explosive Tropical
Volcanic Eruption 6 Years Preceding Tambora.»
For example, Central Anatolia is described as an elevated, dry, cold plain of Lycaonia in Strabo's Geographika in 7 BC, and even cave paintings in the region dating to approximately 7000 BC record active
volcanic eruptions on the plateau.»
Now, research suggests that
for the past decade, such stratospheric aerosols — injected into the atmosphere by either recent
volcanic eruptions or human activities such as coal burning — are slowing down global warming.
They can be as small as a grain of salt, but tiny crystals that form deep in volcanoes may be the key
for advance warnings before
volcanic eruptions.
When scientists use climate models
for attribution studies, they first run simulations with estimates of only «natural» climate influences over the past 100 years, such as changes in solar output and major
volcanic eruptions.
Along with three colleagues, Kendon runs an intensive care unit
for orchids, ferns and other shrubs threatened by deforestation, climate change, over-zealous collectors and
volcanic eruptions.
That could be significant
for life, because the cycling of elements into Earth's crust and out of
volcanic eruptions helps keep our planet habitable by stabilizing atmospheric temperature.
Scientists, meteorological institutes, and aviation authorities had long recognized the hazards posed by Iceland's volcanoes; the London
Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (London VAAC) had been simulating the spread of ash from a hypothetical
eruption of Eyjafjallajökull's neighboring Katla volcano
for several years.
Jacob Lowenstern, a geologist
for the USGS Yellowstone Volcano Observatory who is based in Menlo Park, California, analyzes gases in recent
volcanic rocks to help predict
volcanic eruptions.
After large
volcanic eruptions that pump sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere, such as that of mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991, the planet cools
for a year or two.
Any forceful disturbance — an earthquake or a
volcanic eruption,
for instance — could have disrupted the pressurized gas.
If mimicking a massive
volcanic eruption by spraying sulfur dioxide into the air or flying thousands of mirrors into space to shade Earth to halt climate change doesn't cut it
for you, how about this?
The drill's filters, which clean water being pumped out of the borehole, became clogged with black dust — «
volcanic ashes from some past large
volcanic eruption,» speculated Slawek Tulaczyk, a glaciologist from the University of California, Santa Cruz, who has studied this region
for two decades and co-leads the drilling project.
To determine whether declining pollutants deserve credit
for the recovery, the researchers used a 3D atmospheric model to separate the effects of the chemicals from those of weather, which can affect ozone loss through winds and temperature, and
volcanic eruptions, which deplete ozone by pumping sulfate particles into the upper atmosphere.
Yesterday evening, IMO noted on its website that «there are no signs of ongoing
volcanic activity,» but the alert will remain red
for the time being because «an imminent
eruption can not be excluded.»
«They have evacuated a lot of people from around the volcano, but
volcanic unrest can persist
for months or even decades without an
eruption.»
Jones had the lightbulb moment
for this idea when colleagues, including co-author Kevin Mahan, were describing xenoliths (pieces of crust ejected by
volcanic eruptions) from across Wyoming and Montana.
Any volcano on land which was as lively as KeJ would be constantly monitored by satellites and an array of local instruments looking
for the slightest change in behaviour that could precede a major
volcanic eruption.
In addition to forecasting the weather, the authors hope that these insights will lead to improved models
for global warming, ozone depletion and the effects of
volcanic eruptions.
A dating technique has pinned down four
volcanic eruptions that may have triggered the extinction event that cleared the way
for dinosaurs to dominate Earth
for the next 135 million years
Search and recovery efforts
for at least two dozen victims of Japan's worst
volcanic eruption in decades were called off on Tuesday due to worries about rising
volcanic activity
REYKJAVIK (Reuters)- Iceland lowered its warning code
for possible
volcanic disruption to the aviation industry to orange from red on Sunday after further analysis of an apparent
eruption under a glacier found there had been no
eruption after all.
The team also showed
for the first time that this recovery has slowed somewhat at times, due to the effects of
volcanic eruptions from year to year.
First Vitruvius, an engineer
for the Emperor Augustus, and later Pliny the Elder recorded that the best maritime concrete was made with ash from
volcanic regions of the Gulf of Naples (Pliny died in the
eruption of Mt. Vesuvius that buried Pompeii), especially from sites near today's seaside town of Pozzuoli.
For years most scientists have attributed this ominous event to atmospheric dust following a
volcanic eruption.
Infrasound signals can remain strong as they travel over large distances, making them useful
for pinpointing the location and size of events such as nuclear explosions, meteorite strikes,
volcanic eruptions and sometimes earthquake ruptures.
But those rulers may have had more to blame than just bad luck: According to a new study,
volcanic eruptions around the ancient world likely suppressed the Nile's annual floods — critical
for agriculture — by altering rainfall upriver in the Ethiopian highlands several times from the third to first centuries B.C.E..
Seismic waves can be generated naturally, during earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions,
for example, or by artificial means such as explosions.