Sentences with phrase «force over long time»

What makes interest such a powerful force over long time periods is the fact that it compounds.

Not exact matches

This practice may allow your longer - term investments to grow over time and reduce the likelihood that you'll be forced to sell during unfavorable market conditions.

But if prices have gradually moved to where they are over a long period of time, in response to legitimate secular market forces and conditions, if participants have had sufficient time to grow accustomed to them, to psychologically anchor to them, such that they see them as normal and appropriate, then the basis for questioning their sustainability isn't going to be as strong.

I cant see an English team winning the Champions League for a long time if they are forced to keep buying over hyped over priced English rubbish.

(2) somewhat linked to the previous comment in that we never seem to be prepared to hit the ground running with our best potential lineup come opening day... it's become so common, in recent years, that many fans actually hope we stumble a little in the first couple games just so it forces Wenger to bring in reinforcements... unfortunately this can be problematic, thus one of the most common phrases associated with Wenger, «panic buy»... this situation is also negatively impacted by the ridiculous policy regarding players who played in the summer months... right now I'm watching the Super Cup and not a single player is unavailable to either manager, including Ronaldo, yet somehow we have a list of players half a mile long that haven't seen game - time so far this preseason... I can only assume this is a reactionary policy created due to the multitude of injuries this club has faced over the years... just another sign of the fragility that permeates this club

Just as the rain cloud perpetually hangs over Joe Btfsplk in the comics, McAdoo has been shadowed for a long time by the opinion that he is not a «forced» in the game, as Abdul - Jabbar is a «force,» or Cowens or even Erving.

This is an incredibly difficult question to answer for a variety of reasons, most importantly because over the years our once vaunted «beautiful» style of play has become a shadow of it's former self, only to be replaced by a less than stellar «plug and play» mentality where players play out of position and adjustments / substitutions are rarely forthcoming before the 75th minute... if you look at our current players, very few would make sense in the traditional Wengerian system... at present, we don't have the personnel to move the ball quickly from deep - lying position, efficient one touch midfielders that can make the necessary through balls or the disciplined and pacey forwards to stretch defences into wide positions, without the aid of the backs coming up into the final 3rd, so that we can attack the defensive lanes in the same clinical fashion we did years ago... on this current squad, we have only 1 central defender on staf, Mustafi, who seems to have any prowess in the offensive zone or who can even pass two zones through so that we can advance play quickly out of our own end (I have seen some inklings that suggest Holding might have some offensive qualities but too early to tell)... unfortunately Mustafi has a tendency to get himself in trouble when he gets overly aggressive on the ball... from our backs out wide, we've seen pace from the likes of Bellerin and Gibbs and the spirited albeit offensively stunted play of Monreal, but none of these players possess the skill - set required in the offensive zone for the new Wenger scheme which requires deft touches, timely runs to the baseline and consistent crossing, especially when Giroud was playing and his ratio of scored goals per clear chances was relatively low (better last year though)... obviously I like Bellerin's future prospects, as you can't teach pace, but I do worry that he regressed last season, which was obvious to Wenger because there was no way he would have used Ox as the right side wing - back so often knowing that Barcelona could come calling in the off - season, if he thought otherwise... as for our midfielders, not a single one, minus the more confident Xhaka I watched played for the Swiss national team a couple years ago, who truly makes sense under the traditional Wenger model... Ramsey holds onto the ball too long, gives the ball away cheaply far too often and abandons his defensive responsibilities on a regular basis (doesn't score enough recently to justify): that being said, I've always thought he does possess a little something special, unfortunately he thinks so too... Xhaka is a little too slow to ever boss the midfield and he tends to telegraph his one true strength, his long ball play: although I must admit he did get a bit better during some points in the latter part of last season... it always made me wonder why whenever he played with Coq Wenger always seemed to play Francis in a more advanced role on the pitch... as for Coq, he is way too reckless at the wrong times and has exhibited little offensive prowess yet finds himself in and around the box far too often... let's face it Wenger was ready to throw him in the trash heap when injuries forced him to use Francis and then he had the nerve to act like this was all part of a bigger Wenger constructed plan... he like Ramsey, Xhaka and Elneny don't offer the skills necessary to satisfy the quick transitory nature of our old offensive scheme or the stout defensive mindset needed to protect the defensive zone so that our offensive players can remain aggressive in the final third... on the front end, we have Ozil, a player of immense skill but stunted by his physical demeanor that tends to offend, the fact that he's been played out of position far too many times since arriving and that the players in front of him, minus Sanchez, make little to no sense considering what he has to offer (especially Giroud); just think about the quick counter-attack offence in Real or the space and protection he receives in the German National team's midfield, where teams couldn't afford to focus too heavily on one individual... this player was a passing «specialist» long before he arrived in North London, so only an arrogant or ignorant individual would try to reinvent the wheel and / or not surround such a talent with the necessary components... in regards to Ox, Walcott and Welbeck, although they all possess serious talents I see them in large part as headless chickens who are on the injury table too much, lack the necessary first - touch and / or lack the finishing flair to warrant their inclusion in a regular starting eleven; I would say that, of the 3, Ox showed the most upside once we went to a back 3, but even he became a bit too consumed by his pending contract talks before the season ended and that concerned me a bit... if I had to choose one of those 3 players to stay on it would be Ox due to his potential as a plausible alternative to Bellerin in that wing - back position should we continue to use that formation... in Sanchez, we get one of the most committed skill players we've seen on this squad for some years but that could all change soon, if it hasn't already of course... strangely enough, even he doesn't make sense given the constructs of the original Wenger offensive model because he holds onto the ball too long and he will give the ball up a little too often in the offensive zone... a fact that is largely forgotten due to his infectious energy and the fact that the numbers he has achieved seem to justify the means... finally, and in many ways most crucially, Giroud, there is nothing about this team or the offensive system that Wenger has traditionally employed that would even suggest such a player would make sense as a starter... too slow, too inefficient and way too easily dispossessed... once again, I think he has some special skills and, at times, has showed some world - class qualities but he's lack of mobility is an albatross around the necks of our offence... so when you ask who would be our best starting 11, I don't have a clue because of the 5 or 6 players that truly deserve a place in this side, 1 just arrived, 3 aren't under contract beyond 2018 and the other was just sold to Juve... man, this is theraputic because following this team is like an addiction to heroin without the benefits

I would rather want quality over quantity, and in the past he was forced to buy cheap and ultimately not really get the best players... but now I feel I would rather buy one world class player at a time and bind them in for the long term, than buy 2 mediocre players and then moan about them a year down the line when they are not consistent enough and under performing.

Reaction: De Bruyne is my Man City blueprint — Guardiola (Premier League) Report: De Bruyne makes it sweet 16 for awesome Man City (Premier League) Report: Otamendi wins derby to fire Man City 11 points clear (Premier League) Reaction: Klopp calls for Liverpool focus after Euro spree (Champions League) Report: «Fab Four» fire seven - goal Liverpool into last 16 (Champions League) Reaction: Mourinho pledges only «the truth» on injuries (Champions League) Report: Lukaku and Rashford send Man United into last 16 (Champions League) Reaction: Mourinho wants new shooting boots for Lukaku (Premier League) Report: Old boy Young downs Watford to lift Man United (Premier League) Reaction: Klopp looks on bright side after Chelsea draw (Premier League) Report: Willian denies Liverpool morale - boosting win (Premier League) Reaction: Guardiola targets Champions League milestone (Champions League) Report: Sterling strikes late to earn Man City top spot (Champions League) Report: Young England stifle Neymar's Brazil (friendly) Reaction: Loftus - Cheek showed he can cut it — Southgate (friendly) Report: New boys impress as England hold Germany (friendly) Reaction: Mourinho defends lack of Lukaku charity (Champions League) Report: Hapless Svilar helps Man Utd to brink of last 16 (Champions League) Reaction: «Stand up and be counted», Klopp tells Liverpool (Premier League) Report: Spurs» Kane rips sorry Liverpool to shreds (Premier League) Reaction: Guardiola proud to beat «best opponents» Napoli (Champions League) Report: Jesus earns Man City narrow win over Napoli (Champions League) Reaction: Mourinho and Klopp at odds over Anfield stalemate (Premier League) Report: Man Utd held at Liverpool as Mourinho parks the bus (Premier League) Report: McClean breaks Welsh hearts as Ireland reach play - offs (2018 World Cup) Reaction: Southgate admits England have long way to go (2018 World Cup) Report: Kane sends lacklustre England to World Cup (2018 World Cup) Reaction: Man City's show of force thrills Guardiola (Champions League) Report: Chelsea old boy De Bruyne gives Man City crucial win (Champions League) Reaction: «Amazing» Lukaku won't lose focus — Mourinho (Champions League) Report: Lukaku and Martial lead Man United in CSKA rout (Champions League) Reaction: Klopp says Liverpool on track despite stalemate (Champions League) Report: Coutinho scores as Liverpool held in Moscow (Champions League) Reaction: Man United part of «second level», says Mourinho (Champions League) Report: Fix - it Fellaini gets Man United off the mark (Champions League) Reaction: De Bruyne masterclass leaves Guardiola purring (Premier League) Report: Mané sent off as five - star Man City crush Liverpool (Premier League) Reaction: Alli gesture takes shine off England win (2018 World Cup) Report: Rashford redemption sends England closer to Russia (2018 World Cup) Reaction: Klopp hopes Euro progress yields transfer lift (Champions League) Report: Can brace gets Liverpool back into big time (Champions League) Report: Sterling rescue act spares 10 - man Man City (Premier League) Reaction: Conte happy for Chelsea to play the hunters (Premier League) Report: Alonso ruins Spurs» Wembley house - warming (Premier League) Report: Lukaku double fires Man United to winning start (Premier League) Reaction: Wenger lauds Giroud after Arsenal edge Leicester (Premier League) Report: Giroud earns Arsenal madcap opening win (Premier League) Reaction: Wenger fearful of another slow Arsenal start (Community Shield) Report: Courtois and Morata gift Arsenal victory at Wembley (Community Shield)

Reaction: Hodgson lionises England record - chaser Rooney (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Rooney sees off Slovenia to close on record (Euro 2016 qualifying) Reaction: Coleman foresees glory for conquering Wales (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Bale sinks Belgium to fire Welsh dreams (Euro 2016 qualifying) Reaction: Hodgson tells under - fire Sterling to toughen up (friendly) Report: England and Ireland draw a blank in Dublin (friendly) Reaction: De Gea uncertainty clouds Man United's horizon (Premier League) Report: Arsenal thwart Man United as De Gea departs (Premier League) Reaction: Liverpool prepare for life without «irreplaceable» Gerrard (Premier League) Reaction: Gerrard «devastated» after final Anfield game (Premier League) Report: Gerrard says farewell as Crystal Palace poop party (Premier League) Reaction: Arsenal manager Wenger irked by Swansea «accident» (Premier League) Report: Arsenal sunk by Fabiański and Gomis (Premier League) Reaction: Rodgers accuses Fàbregas as Liverpool's top - four bid fades (Premier League) Report: Chelsea close Champions League door on Liverpool (Premier League) Reaction: Mourinho steels Chelsea for challenges ahead (Premier League) Report: Hazard storms Palace to give Chelsea title (Premier League) Reaction: Mourinho feels the love despite Chelsea jibes (Premier League) Reaction: Arsenal «boring», not Chelsea — Mourinho (Premier League) Report: Arsenal stalemate delays Chelsea coronation (Premier League) Reaction: Fight for final places, Sherwood tells Villa (FA Cup) Report: Aston Villa end Gerrard's FA Cup dream (FA Cup) Reaction: Mourinho calls for caution as title beckons (Premier League) Report: Hazard fires clinical Chelsea closer to title (Premier League) Reaction: Van Gaal says Man United top dogs after derby romp (Premier League) Report: Man City blown away by Man United fightback (Premier League) Reaction: Hodgson urges Kane to build on perfect debut (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Rooney, Kane on target in England stroll (Euro 2016 qualifying) Reaction: Van Gaal beams after Man United storm Anfield (Premier League) Reaction: Gerrard sorry for red card against Man United (Premier League) Report: Gerrard off as Mata brace ends Liverpool run (Premier League) Reaction: PSG revel in Champions League breakthrough (Champions League) Report: Thiago Silva and 10 - man PSG claim Chelsea revenge (Champions League) Reaction: Wenger thrilled as Welbeck proves point (FA Cup) Report: Old boy Welbeck fells Man United in FA Cup (FA Cup) Reaction: Rodgers rues cost of Liverpool resurgence (FA Cup) Report: Blackburn intrude on Gerrard's FA Cup dream (FA Cup) Reaction: Wembley win leaves Mourinho feeling «like a kid» (Capital One Cup) Report: Clinical Chelsea earn Mourinho third League Cup (Capital One Cup) Reaction: Man City stirrings give Pellegrini Barça hope (Champions League) Report: Suárez scores brace as Barcelona down Man City (Champions League) Reaction: Rodgers plots Liverpool assault on top four (Premier League) Report: Coutinho rocket sinks seething Southampton (Premier League) Reaction: Van Gaal defends Man United's «long - ball» tactics (Premier League) Report: Blind late show rescues spluttering Man United (Premier League) Reaction: Pellegrini remains hopeful as Mourinho sulks (Premier League) Report: Silva keeps Man City on Chelsea's heels (Premier League) Reaction: Mourinho cries foul over Costa «stamp» claims (Capital One Cup) Report: Ivanović sinks Liverpool as Chelsea reach final (Capital One Cup) Reaction: Odds were against Man United — Van Gaal (FA Cup) Report: Minnows Cambridge hold Man United in FA Cup (FA Cup) Reaction: Rodgers buoyed by Sterling - inspired Liverpool (Capital One Cup) Report: Sterling slalom checks Chelsea in League Cup (Capital One Cup) Reaction: Arsenal masterclass sets standard, says Wenger (Premier League) Report: Cazorla stars as Arsenal stun Man City (Premier League) Reaction: Van Gaal defends methods after United defeat (Premier League) Report: Tadić strike punishes shot - shy Man United (Premier League) Report: Bloodied Skrtel earns Liverpool a point (Premier League) Reaction: In - form United «forcing luck», says Van Gaal (Premier League) Report: De Gea stars as United deepen Liverpool gloom (Premier League) Reaction: Liverpool will «fight» for return — Rodgers (Champions League) Report: Basel thwart Liverpool to reach last 16 (Champions League) Reaction: Van Persie rescued United, admits Van Gaal (Premier League) Report: Van Persie sends lacklustre Man United third (Premier League) Report: Agüero undoes Southampton as Man City go second (Premier League) Report: Stunning Agüero treble gives Man City hope (Champions League) Reaction: Hodgson dismayed by England fan chants (friendly) Report: Rooney at the double as England silence Scots (friendly) Report: Rooney, Welbeck inspire England fightback (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Tevez returns as Argentina overcome Croatia (friendly) Reaction: Man City have «crisis of confidence» — Pellegrini (Champions League) Report: Nine - man Man City left on brink by CSKA Moscow (Champions League) Reaction: Van Gaal says beaten Man United getting closer (Premier League) Report: Agüero gives City spoils against 10 - man United (Premier League) Reaction: Shocks are warning for England, says Hodgson (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Rooney on mark as England school San Marino (Euro 2016 qualifying) Reaction: Mourinho urges Chelsea to stay grounded (Premier League) Reaction: Wenger plays down Mourinho touchline spat (Premier League) Report: Hazard, Costa sink Arsenal in stormy derby (Premier League) Reaction: Pellegrini rues carelessness after Roma hold City (Champions League) Report: Totti makes history as Roma thwart Man City (Champions League) Reaction: Rodgers heartened by Liverpool resilience (Champions League) Reaction: Van Gaal wants more from match - winner Di María (Premier League) Report: Falcao debuts as Man United crush QPR (Premier League) Reaction: Hodgson hails Welbeck for biding his time (Euro 2016 qualifying) Report: Welbeck gives improved England winning start (Euro 2016 qualifying) Reaction: Angry Hodgson dismisses England statistics (friendly) Report: Rooney rescues England in turgid Norway win (friendly) Reaction: Wenger backs Sánchez to fill Giroud's shoes (Champions League) Reaction: Pellegrini gladdened by Jovetić display (Premier League) Report: Jovetić at the double as Man City sink Liverpool (Premier League) Reaction: Ancelotti predicts «new cycle» for Madrid (UEFA Super Cup) Report: Ronaldo still the boss as Madrid win Super Cup (UEFA Super Cup) Reaction: Wembley win sets tone for Arsenal — Wenger (Community Shield) Report: Vibrant Arsenal down Man City in Community Shield (Community Shield) Reaction: «Lethargic» Arsenal not ready yet — Wenger (Emirates Cup) Report: Falcao scores comeback goal to sink Arsenal (Emirates Cup) Reaction: Wenger enthused by Sanogo - Campbell double act (Emirates Cup) Report: Sanogo upstages Sánchez in Arsenal romp (Emirates Cup)

He was his usual profligate self in front of goal and definitely should have scored one, but that pressing from the front that he gives provided Milan problems during the night and at times forced them to go long and turn over the ball and for that you have to be grateful that whilst Welbeck isn't a prolific finisher, he can have an impact on the way the team can have a go at opponents.

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When new moms are forced to go back to work, it becomes much more difficult to breastfeed their children over long periods of time.

«There are those who contest that the UK has historically set far too much store by home - ownership and that we should be unconcerned that the average age of the first - time buyer is approaching forty but taken together, this trend, the spread of means - tested benefits, the regime for long term care, the damage done to private pension provision by one of Gordon Brown's earliest misjudgements, compounded by the current squeeze on household finances which has seen over a million people forced to abandon contributions to their pension funds, all amount to a massive turn away from a culture of property ownership with the responsibility and independence that goes with it.»

Whereas Newtonian gravity was a mysterious force that somehow emanated from mass and acted instantaneously over long distances, in Einstein's view a massive object simply curves the space - time fabric around it.

In a way, Einstein's rules, which were contained in thetheory of general relativity he proposed in 1915, are more intuitive.Whereas Newtonian gravity was a mysterious force that somehow emanatedfrom mass and acted instantaneously over long distances, in Einstein «sview a massive object simply curves the space - time fabric around it.

# 3 Lifting: Snatch and snatch variation — hang snatch, power snatch, snatch pulls and high pulls — seem to provide a better chance of increasing peak vertical bar velocity, a distinctive feature that ultimately reflects the ability to generate and apply force over a longer period of time (special strength training).

While, over time, practicing poses on that more challenging side twice or for longer periods, as suggested above, may help create more evenness from side to side, forcing one side of your body to do exactly what the other side is doing may cause strain.

Generally get to know the person as well as you can before meeting (but don't wait too long because interest may wane over time); She explains that online dating isn't for everyone: «even a short break can be a great way for you to force yourself into connecting with people a different way, and even figure out if you want to continue down the online / app path at all.

When long - time R2 - D2 performer Kenny Baker died last year, the Star Wars franchise quietly noted that actor Jimmy Vee — who worked without being credited on the character for Star Wars: The Force Awakens — would take over the role for the then - untitled Episode VIII.

Allowing students control over when they learn can create an environment where time is no longer the most important variable, and instead learning becomes the driving force.

Since those publishers were forced to abandon the «agency pricing» model, in which the publishers dictate to the retailers how much the book will cost, they have renegotiated with something called Agency 2, which essentially lets the retailers set their prices for ebooks as long as the total discount over time doesn't exceed thirty percent.

I can not force you to manage your money correctly, master price action trading, or remain disciplined over a long period of time, but if you are truly serious about having a career in trading, you will have to dig deep within yourself and muster up the motivation to do these things and forge the proper trading habits.

I was kind of forced to take a long - term perspective and to become patient in order to successfully pursue my goal to building up a stock portfolio providing me with a reliable and ever growing passive income stream over time.

When this occurs, depending on the prices and maturity dates of the contracts held by the fund, the owners of the contracts can be forced to accept very high costs to roll over the expiring contracts to the next month, which can continuously erode the value of the fund over a long period of time.

, and so bad debt decisions compound over longer periods of time, until we end up with inflation, a forced debt exchange, or an outright default.

The forces of nature, over time, have caused erosion of the weakest strata, which has resulted in a type of wall forming which is 100m long and encloses the small cove of the same name.

He does not, however, address the size and bias of the approximation errors with respect to a small change (1 % or less of mean temp in Kelvin) resulting on Earth from a small change in forcing (doubling of CO2 concentration), over a long but finite time (140 years or so for the concentration of CO2 to double from what it is now.)

But energy, from the sun, from geothermal, and from gravitational forces (like tides), is essentially steady over very long time scales.

In my view (and I've seen energy and environment close up in every election since Pres. Nixon's rather revolutionary Environmental Message of the early 1970s == too bad there was that third rate break in to spoil his record) the tests for all the candidates will be whether they will substiture oil taxes for off - oil subsidies, carbon taxes to level the whole field, and then and only then decide where we need to push or pull a bit (like with the fuel economy standards, long over due, and boy will they take a long time to arrive in full force.)

Or, trying to «correct» for the different lifetimes of the gases using Global Warming Potentials, over a 100 - year time horizon (which still way under - represents the lifetime of the CO2), you get that the methane would be equivalent to increasing CO2 to about 500 ppm, lower than 750 because the CO2 forcing lasts longer than the methane, which the GWP calculation tries in its own myopic way to account for.

Since the true impacts of longer term natural variability are not known and the one confidence estimates of aerosol and cloud forcings used to tune the models to that «range of comfort» are quite a bit more uncertain that previously considered, that it might just be time for a do over.

Even though some of the CMIP models produce a lot of global warming, all of them are still stable in this regard, with net increases in lost radiation with warming (NOTE: If analyzing the transient CMIP runs where CO2 is increased over long periods of time, one must first remove that radiative forcing in order to see the increase in radiative loss).

In addition, the term pathway is meant to emphasize that it is not only a specific long - term concentration or radiative forcing outcome, such as a stabilization level, that is of interest, but also the trajectory that is taken over time to reach that outcome.

Much of the 0.8 C warming since 1900 is indeed due to anthropogenic forcing, because natural variability like PDO and AMO has been averaged out over this long period of time.

The anthropogenic forcing on the climate is multifaceted, with both warming and cooling sides — cooling from aerosols over shorter time frames but warming from GH's over much longer time frames.

However, the opposing circulation trends have a smaller impact on the range of SAT and P trends due to the fact that the radiatively - forced response is greater over the longer (50 - year) time horizon.

I'm saying, sure, but if this very credible physical forcing is real — and the huge weight of evidence says it is — then this trend is just going to continue over longer time spans.

Recent work (e.g., Hurrell 1995, 1996; Thompson and Wallace 1998; Corti et al., 1999) has suggested that the observed warming over the last few decades may be manifest as a change in frequency of these naturally preferred patterns (Chapters 2 and 7) and there is now considerable interest in testing the ability of climate models to simulate such weather regimes (Chapter 8) and to see whether the greenhouse gas forced runs suggest shifts in the residence time or transitions between such regimes on long time - scales.

Thus there are primarily internal system changes forcing climate responses, not primarily external such as the absolute value of solar power (except over much longer time scales).

Attempts to relate net temperature changes to forcing over an extended time interval would represent a different study, and one that is beset with problems in correctly quantifying the forcings unless the interval is very long (and even then there are problems).

One of the parameters is high stand or low stand conditions based on sea level transgression / regression curves which is related to long term climate, but I am not aware of any oil companies that use anything remotely resembling what I understand to be a climate model with forcings, and certainly not one driven by something like CO2, solar or anyhting else, simply because you can not know the necessary parameters over the millions of years of geological time that you are interested in modelling.

Or to put it another way, there is no reason to expect global mean temp to be linearly related to CO2 forcing, when all sorts of other things have changed in nonlinear fashion over these long time scales.

The data and the statistical analysis does not provide the evidence that the so called «pause», a time period with a lower trend estimate than the longer - term trend estimate, was more than just a short - term fluctuation around the median warming trend, mostly due to short - term unforced internal variability in the Earth system (and some contribution from decreasing solar activity and increased reflecting aerosols in the atmosphere, counteracting the increased greenhose gas forcing to some degree), like the «acceleration» over the 16 - year period from 1992 to 2007 (e.g., UAH trend: 0.296 + / - 0.213 (2 sigma) deg.

Not because the calculation is complicated — just take how much the global average temperature has changed over some longish time period (a couple of decades or longer) and divide by much energy was used to force that change.

More likely the oceans on our 70 % water covered world, which absorb heat energy from the sun (for which we have some data), and geothermal energy (for which we have virtually no data), and release it over long periods of time by poorly understood mechanisms that are possibly the real driving force behind climate.

The climate is chaotic, nudged over the long - term by specific unique combinations for forcing, with a lot of wiggly natural variability «noise» over the shorter time frames.

Since the volcanic forcing tends to be like a very high frequency spike, the temperature response to the forcing is lower in magnitude than you would expect if the forcing were sustained over a longer time - period.

Unable to predict what the world would look like in 10,000 years, but faced with the challenge of developing an object that would last that long, keep time accurately over the duration and be useful, the designers were forced to abandon short term thinking in favour of the long term.

This flexibility to decide the size and frequency of payments is viable, as long as the total amount of premiums paid over a period of time is enough to keep the policy in force.