Hence, the clouds that
form at colder temperatures — if any form at all — contain much less suspended water in the form of ice crystals, the starting sites for snow crystal formation.
Not exact matches
So although there are hints that
cold snaps hasten upheavals and spark some
forms of social stress, it seems that chilly
temperatures could be off the hook when it comes to causing crime —
at least for now.
«What we do know is that Hypatia was
formed in a
cold environment, probably
at temperatures below that of liquid nitrogen on Earth -LRB--196 Celsius).
After «seeding» the chamber, the researchers adjusted the
temperature, first setting it to the
coldest temperatures at which clouds
form on Earth (around minus 81 degrees Fahrenheit).
Ice in space
forms at temperatures far more frigid than the
coldest pockets on Earth — between 3 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit above absolute zero -LRB--- 459.67 degrees F, or — 273.15 degrees Celsius).
Because sunlight is needed to
form ozone, and the reaction is more vigorous
at higher
temperatures,
cold, cloudy cities have fewer worries than warm, sunny ones.
Current theory holds that giant planets can
form only
at comparatively great distances from a star, where
cold temperatures allow ice and frozen gases to gather together.
All these atoms
form a weak bond, creating a new, exotic state of matter
at cold temperatures, referred to as «Rydberg polarons.»
(57j) For surface + tropospheric warming in general, there is (given a
cold enough start) positive surface albedo feedback, that is concentrated
at higher latitudes and in some seasons (though the
temperature response to reduced summer sea ice cover tends to be realized more in winter when there is more heat that must be released before ice
forms).
Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the
cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much
temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the
cold part of the year when ice
forms later or would have
formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing
at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).
Unusually low
temperatures in the stratosphere, even
cold records, are
at fault — creating conditions whereby ice crystals
form in so called polar stratospheric clouds.
Methane hydrate
forms in
cold temperatures and under high pressure — conditions that can be found
at the bottom of the ocean.
The destruction of ozone by CFC compounds requires
cold conditions because
at these
temperatures acidic gases (hydrochloric and sulphuric acid) condense to
form ice crystals and surface chemistry reactions with CFCs occur liberating the ozone destroying halogen radicals.