Sentences with phrase «form of ice sheet»

However, we do not know the functional form of ice sheet response to a large persistent climate forcing.

However, we do not know the functional form of ice sheet response to a large persistent climate forcing.

«It could be in the form of an ice sheet, or an aquifer, or a piece of ocean.

Not exact matches

Using two spoons or a small ice cream scoop, form the dough into balls the size of walnuts and place them on the cookie sheet about 2 inches apart.

While the dough is still warm, use a small spring - form ice cream scoop to shape individual balls (straight out of the pan) and place the balls on parchment - lined sheet pans.

Scoop and drop using small ice - cream scoop or teaspoon onto baking sheet about two inches apart — they will be more of a free - form cookie in a slight ball shape.

Using a 1 - ounce ice cream scoop or tablespoon measure, drop a scant scoop's worth of batter or 2 scant tablespoons of batter onto a lined baking sheet to form 1 mound.

ice cream scoop, portion out 10 balls of dough and place on a parchment - lined baking sheet, spacing about 3» apart (you can also form dough into ping pong — sized balls with your hands).

Scoop about 1/4 cup of dough onto the baking sheet and smooth the top to form each biscuits, an ice cream scoop works well in this step.

The water soon freezes, forming a thick sheet of ice down the mountainside.

I spend a lot of time studying the ice sheets at the bottom of the planet — how they form and how they collapse.

And since few rocks naturally form on the ice sheets, the majority of Antarctic rocks collected are extraterrestrial.

But microscopic phytoplankton, which rely on the sun for their nutrients and form the base of Arctic food webs, have managed to thrive under ice sheets that are thinning as the poles become warmer.

Under the ice sheet the methane became stored as hydrate, a solid form of frozen methane.

the south - bound expedition had cleared that vast plain of floating ice which flows down from the great mountains of the interior and covers the southern part of Ross Sea throughout an area above 20,000 square miles with an ice sheet approximately 800 feet in thickness, and had begun to climb the heights which form the mountainous embayment at the head of Ross Sea.

Also in the mid-1990s, another group of scientists proposed the now widely accepted mechanism for how lakes can form under glaciers: Heat radiating from Earth's interior is trapped under the thick, insulating ice sheet, and pressure from the weight of all the ice above it lowers the melting point of the ice at the bottom.

Once CO2 dropped below a critical threshold, cooler global temperatures allowed the ice sheets of Antarctica to form.

One of the big mysteries in the scientific world is how the ice sheets of Antarctica formed so rapidly about 34 million years ago, at the boundary between the Eocene and Oligocene epochs.

Hawkings and his collaborators spent three months in 2012 and 2013 gathering water samples and measuring the flow of water from the 600 - square - kilometer (230 - square - mile) Leverett Glacier and the smaller, 36 - square - kilometer (14 - square - mile) Kiattuut Sermiat Glacier in Greenland as part of a Natural Environment Research Council - funded project to understand how much phosphorus, in various forms, was escaping from the ice sheet over time and draining into the sea.

The argument is that the increased separation of the Antarctic land mass from South America led to the creation of the powerful Antarctic Circumpolar Current which acted as a kind of water barrier and effectively blocked the warmer, less salty waters from the North Atlantic and Central Pacific from moving southwards towards the Antarctic land mass leading to the isolation of the Antarctic land mass and lowered temperatures which allowed the ice sheets to form.

He compares the task to pulling newly formed sheets of thin ice off a pond in winter.

The continually dropping slope helps explain why northern Greenland, unlike Antarctica, has no large subglacial lakes: Meltwater that either forms at the base of Greenland's ice sheet or ends up there after draining from the ice sheet's upper surface flows away uninterrupted.

Were the ice present in the form of a solid sheet or chunks, the dips in the numbers of epithermal neutrons would be much greater.

Eventually, the scientists realized those strange, bell - shaped pockets of ice had formed when water below the ice sheet froze.

To get more detailed temperature data, the researchers used two relatively new methods of investigation, both of which examine the layer of compressed granular snow that is formed between the top layer of soft and fluffy snow and the layer deeper down in the ice sheet, where the compressed snow has been turned into ice.

This current forms off the coast of Antarctica as cold winds off the ice sheet cool the sea surface.

Published in their final form last week in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, the maps draw on a variety of data sources, including satellite radar and aerial imagery, as well as special sonar data collected on ship expeditions to the front of the ice sheet.

The discovery, involving cold, extra salty water — brine — that forms within openings in sea ice, adds to our understanding of how ice sheets interact with the ocean, and may improve our ability to forecast and prepare for future sea level rise.

The pressure of the ice sheet constrains the lava flow, and glacial meltwater chills the erupting lava into fragments of volcanic glass, forming mounds and ridges with steep sides and flat tops.

Glaciers are found in mountain valleys and also form parts of ice sheets.

Once a thin sheet of ice forms on a lake in Antarctica, a «race» begins between (1) ice growing downward, and (2) snow building upward.

Ice sheets that form during glaciations cause erosion of the land beneath them.

This had the unusual effect of allowing fossils of plants that once grew on present - day Greenland to be much better preserved than with the slowly forming Antarctic ice sheet.

The Antarctic Ice Sheet first formed as a small ice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all of AntarctiIce Sheet first formed as a small ice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all of Antarctiice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all of Antarctica.

This warm phase had begun in the Cretaceous period, peaked in the early Eocene, and continued to the end of the Eocene, when global temperatures dropped and ice sheets formed over the Antarctic.

Using a standard ice - cream scoop, place a scoop of batter into the center of the foil sheets, and fold the foil around each scoop to form parcels

At 104 square miles, Glacier Grey forms less than three percent of the 4,773 - square - mile sheet of ice stretching across southern Chile and Argentina.

The process of accumulating enough ice and snow to form continental ice sheets is slow, and it took about 100,000 years.

I have a story coming tonight in print on a new paper tracking the impact over time of those iconic drainpipes for meltwater forming each summer on the warming flanks of the vast Greenland ice sheet.

And it is inspiring to see such progress being made in the detail with which models of ice sheet dynamics and other forms of change can be applied to the moderately far future.

The cooling trend due to reduction of CO2 and changes in climate associated with changes in the geography eventually allowed Northern Hemisphere ice sheets to form, whereafter the strong amplification of Milankovic was possible.

The layers in multi-year ice (mainly formed when sheets of thin first - year ice pancake) do help baby seals, but polar bears happily walk on first - year ice thin enough to see through (don't take my word for it; watch the film Arctic Tale).

If I may add one more speculative question: are the portions of glacial sheets formed during periods of high ice flux less stable, and more prone to calving, than those formed during slow flux?

In this case, Marco Tedesco, director of the Cryospheric Processes and Remote Sensing Laboratory at City College of New York, is preparing to use a customized bait boat equipped with cameras, sonar and other systems to survey the huge blue lakes of meltwater forming each summer high on the ice sheet there.

We might have a saviour in the form of the growing antarctic ice sheets in the southern winter as this causes much more planckton to form on the undersurface of the forming ice sheet driving super saturated salty waters deep into the circum polar antarctic bottom waters which is the main driver of the Great Oceanic Conveyor and later on it's travels the AMOC.

There are no substantial glacial lakes forming today that could produce comparable amounts of water (although a few hundred years of melting of the Greenland ice sheet could change that situation).

The wild exaggerations of both the direct CO2 warming and the supposedly more serious knock - on warming are rooted in an untruth: the falsehood that scientists know enough about how clouds form, how thunderstorms work, how air and ocean currents flow, how ice sheets behave, how soot in the air behaves.

Consequently, this meltwater forms thousands of lakes atop the ice sheet each spring and summer.

But in the middle of an ice sheet, the ice remains close to the Ice Age temperatures at which it formice sheet, the ice remains close to the Ice Age temperatures at which it formice remains close to the Ice Age temperatures at which it formIce Age temperatures at which it formed.

Like a glacier, an ice sheet forms through the accumulation of snowfall, when annual snowfall exceeds annual snowmelt.