Sentences with phrase «formation of aerosol particles»

«We've found that cosmic rays significantly enhance the formation of aerosol particles in the mid-troposphere and above.»

CLOUD has also investigated how the 11 - year solar cycle influences the formation of aerosol particles in our present - day atmosphere.

Not exact matches

She decided to study the role that organic particles play in cloud droplet formation, because a large proportion of marine aerosols — which have a significant climate impact — are organics.

Their stickiness makes it hard to get them through an inlet into a measuring device, but these compounds may play a significant role in the formation and alteration of aerosols, tiny airborne particles that can contribute to smog or to the nucleation of raindrops or ice crystals, affecting the Earth's climate.

It has been known for several years that sulfuric acid contributes to the formation of tiny aerosol particles, which play an important role in the formation of clouds.

The team started by looking at the formation of the very small particles — a process called aerosol nucleation — by mimicking atmospheric conditions inside an ultraclean steel «cloud chamber», which Kirkby says is the cleanest ever created.

The question is: Does the current load of aerosols in the atmosphere already exceed that limit, in which case adding extra particles should not greatly affect cloud formation; or do they continue to be a limiting factor as pollution rises, so that added aerosols would continue to influence the clouds?

Volatility is a key property of organic aerosol because it determines the partitioning between the gas and particle phases, and thus the formation of SOA particles.

Aerosol pollution also affects the formation of clouds, which are seeded with dust particles in the atmosphere.

Formation of solid and liquid aerosol particles is increased.

Formation mechanism of aerosol particles still a big uncertainty in predicting climate change

One of those complex interactions is aerosols, the microscopic particles of dust, soot, and chemicals dispersed in the atmosphere that scatter or absorb sunlight and act as seeds for cloud formation.

A large portion of secondary organic aerosols - tiny particles in the air we breathe that contribute to cloud formation and precipitation - arise from a combination of man - made pollution and molecules given off by plant matter.

The CLOUD experiment consists of a large instrumented chamber in which the atmosphere can be precisely simulated, and the formation and growth of aerosol particles and the clouds they seed can be studied under precisely controled atmospheric conditions.

In the atmosphere, where gaseous vapors and aerosol particles mix, lies the secret of cloud formation that scientists are working to unlock.

Aerosol size distribution measurements at four Nordic field stations: identification, analysis and trajectory analysis of new particle formation bursts.

Explaining global surface aerosol number concentrations in terms of primary emissions and particle formation.

nevertheless, both states can coexist for a wide range of environmental conditions.5, 7 Aerosols, liquid or solid particles suspended in the atmosphere, serve as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and therefore affect the concentration of activated cloud droplets.8 Changes in droplet concentration affect key cloud properties such as the time it takes for the onset of significant collision and coalescence between droplets, a process critical for rain formation.»

Aerosols, liquid or solid particles suspended in the atmosphere, serve as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and therefore affect the concentration of activated cloud droplets.8 Changes in droplet concentration affect key cloud properties such as the time it takes for the onset of significant collision and coalescence between droplets, a process critical for rain formation.»

One positive effect of burning coal is the formation of sulfate aerosol particles which help in reflecting incoming sunlight away from the earth.

Later, the enhancement of atmospheric aerosol particle formation by ions generated from cosmic rays was proposed as a physical mechanism explaining this correlation.

An umbrella term for any small particle suspended in the atmosphere, aerosols can be either light or dark, reflective or absorbent of sunlight, and can enhance or suppress the formation of cloud droplets.

And how do aerosols (fine particles) affect the formation of clouds?

In the article «Global atmospheric particle formation from CERN CLOUD measurements,» sciencemag.org, 49 authors concluded «Atmospheric aerosol nucleation has been studied for over 20 years, but the difficulty of performing laboratory nucleation - rate measurements close to atmospheric conditions means that global model simulations have not been directly based on experimental data.....

The indirect effect is when aerosol particles act as a cloud condensation nucleus, affecting the formation and lifetime of clouds.

Under strict temperature and humidity conditions, investigations in this laboratory provide new information on the particular aerosol particles that can lead to the formation of these clouds.

In addition to the complex physics of fog formation and transport, recent research suggests that microscopic aerosol particles may be critical players in fog dynamics and its effect on coastal human and ecological systems.

Recently it was suggested that the formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is connected with the existence of thermodynamically stable 1 - to 2 - nm clusters, formed in the atmosphere by some nucleation mechanism.

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and of reactive gases such as sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, which lead to the formation of secondary pollutants including aerosol particles and tropospheric ozone, have increased substantially in response to human activities.

While water may not be significant in the formation of the aerosols it can play a big role in the growth and evolution of particles.

Studying the atmospheric aerosol particles, which impact cloud formation and particles, above a pristine forests, researchers discovered that when left alone the Amazon acts as its own «bioreactor»: clouds and precipitation are produced by the abundance of plant materials.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.