Sentences with phrase «formed in a supernova»

«The problem has been that even though dust grains composed of heavy elements would form in supernovae, the supernova explosion is so violent that the grains of dust may not survive.

Rather, they analyzed microscopic silicon carbide, SiC, dust grains that formed in supernovae more than 4.6 billion years ago and were trapped in meteorites as our Solar System formed from the ashes of the galaxy's previous generations of stars.

Gravitational waves might also reveal some of the physics of the strange stew of neutrons that makes up a protoneutron star — the beginnings of an incredibly dense star formed in a supernova.

The belief that these isotopes formed in a supernova explosion millions of light - years away and billions of years before the earth formed and somehow collected in small ore bodies in a fixed ratio is absurd.

It has billion - year half - lives, which means it practically never decays (which is why it's still around to dig up five billion years after it formed in a supernova).

Not exact matches

And this is the optimistic version of impending Armageddon, writes Aeon's Ross Anderson — barring a more sudden end in the form of a cosmic collision or supernova shockwave.

The colors represent the relative amounts of short - lived radioactive isotopes, such as iron - 60, injected into a newly formed protoplanetary disk (seen face on with the protostar being the light purple blob in the middle) by a supernova shock wave.

They can explode in spectacular supernovae at the end of their lives, forming some of the most exotic objects in the Universe — neutron stars and black holes.

Within those guts lurk solid grains of carbon - and silicon - based compounds that formed in the wake of the supernova, researchers reported in 2014 in Astrophysical Journal Letters.

In fact, just before posting this Top Pictures list, a NASA press release came out saying the Fermi satellite has seen gamma rays from this object, which is another very strong piece of evidence for this; gamma rays are the very highest energy form of light, and should be made when subatomic particles bounce around in supernova shock waveIn fact, just before posting this Top Pictures list, a NASA press release came out saying the Fermi satellite has seen gamma rays from this object, which is another very strong piece of evidence for this; gamma rays are the very highest energy form of light, and should be made when subatomic particles bounce around in supernova shock wavein supernova shock waves.

Because all elements in the universe heavier than hydrogen, helium, and lithium have been forged by nuclear fusion in the cores of stars and then scattered into space by supernova explosions, the find indicates that the galaxy, at the age we're now observing it, was old enough for at least one generation of stars to have formed, lived, and died.

New research from the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen and Aarhus University shows that not only can grains of dust form in gigantic supernova explosions, they can also survive the subsequent shockwaves they are exposed to.

These particles are one of the most pervasive forms of matter in the Universe: they are created in the Sun and in supernovas, by cosmic rays crashing into the upper atmosphere, and they are even made on Earth, streaming out from nuclear reactors and radioactive rocks.

In the failed supernova of a red supergiant, the envelope of the star is ejected and expands, producing a cold, red transient source surrounding the newly formed black hole, as illustrated by the expanding shell (left to right).

But short bursts form in older galaxies where such supernovae are far less common.

Pulsars form when stars at least 1.4 times larger than our sun blow up in supernovas; these powerful explosions usually knock nearby stars out

It turns out that these superbright «rebel» supernovas can form in «heavy metal» areas, using elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, scientists said in the new study.

New work from a team of Carnegie cosmochemists published by Science Advances reports analyses of carbon - rich dust grains extracted from meteorites that show that these grains formed in the outflows from one or more type II supernovae more than two years after the progenitor stars exploded.

For this study, the team set out to investigate the timing of supernova dust formation by measuring isotopes — versions of elements with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons — in rare presolar silicon carbide grains with compositions indicating that they formed in type II supernovae.

In the crowded central regions of the galaxy, home to large numbers of massive stars, supernovas are so common that the evolution of complex life - forms might be difficult if not impossible.

«Not only does this star have the high velocity expected if it is recoiling from a supernova explosion, but the combination of its low mass, high luminosity and carbon - rich composition appear impossible to replicate in a single star — a smoking gun that shows it must have originally formed with a binary companion,» adds Ben Ritchie (Open University), a co-author on the new paper.

The problem for the supernova was very similar, because the collapsing matter would be in the form of a plasma.

Astronomers Dr Jane Greaves, of the University of Cardiff, and Dr Wayne Holland, of the UK Astronomy Technology Centre in Edinburgh, may have found an answer to the 25 - year - old mystery of how planets form in the aftermath of a supernova explosion.

Such stars end their brief lives in titanic supernova explosions, so supernovae in Carina must also be twice as frequent as had been assumed until now — and the same might be true for other star - forming regions in our galaxy.

The team's simulations show, perhaps not surprisingly, that potentially habitable planets are more likely to remain so if they form in areas far from dense conglomerations of stars, where more supernova explosions occur.

That's according to a new analysis — part of the biggest census of star - forming regions to date — that focused on stars eight times the mass of our sun or larger (the size that eventually explode as supernovae) at a very early stage in their lifetime, when they'd still be inside the clouds of gas and dust where they formed.

Stars with a few to about 30 times the mass of the Sun are thought to collapse to form neutron stars, producing a supernova in the process.

Moreover, it may lead to strong asymmetries of the stellar explosion, in course of which the newly formed neutron star will receive a large kick and spin,» describes team member Bernhard Müller the most significant consequences of such dynamical processes in the supernova core.

A detailed survey of the so - called Carina Nebula, a star - forming region relatively close to our solar system, is turning up evidence that numerous stars have already gone supernova there, and that many more may do the same in the millions of years to come.

But perhaps there are cases where the radiation comes out in the form of X-rays or gamma rays, he says, rather than the visible light astronomers normally look for when searching for supernovae.

The images, taken last August by NASA's new Chandra X-ray Observatory and published in the 10 January issue of Astrophysical Journal Letters, also mark the first time that astronomers have clearly identified freshly formed iron within the hot maelstrom of gas created by a supernova.

«If you have many young stars all forming in the same place at the same time, they have tremendous stellar winds; some of them will blow up as supernovae — a lot of things can happen that heat gas and cause bubbles to expand,» Finkbeiner said.

Three potential events were considered as part of their research, including; large asteroid impact, and exploding stars in the form of supernovae or gamma ray bursts.

These were very massive and short lived and could have formed large black holes when they exploded in supernovae.

Black holes are thought to form when the dense core of a supernova — a massive, exploding star — collapses in on itself.

The property results from the way they form: When a giant star runs out of fuel and can no longer fight against the crushing force of its gravity, its core shrinks to the size of an asteroid, and most of its mass is blasted away in a titanic explosion called a supernova.

The team will repeatedly bombard the target with the same type of ion to build a picture of the different energy levels in the resulting atoms, helping to predict the stabilities of the exotic forms made in supernovae.

Caption: The colors represent the relative amounts of short - lived radioactive isotopes, such as iron - 60, injected into a newly formed protoplanetary disk (seen face on with the protostar being the light purple blob in the middle) by a supernova shock wave.

A team of astrophysicists from Notre Dame, the University of Maryland in College Park; the University of California, Berkeley; and the Australian National University in Canberra have formed the «Kepler Extragalactic Survey,» or KEGS, specifically to apply the power of Kepler to study galaxies and supernovae.

Shock waves in plasmas form around planets, stars and supernovas.

But if approved, K2 will be looking at a much more diverse region of sky with a wide range of astronomical and astrophysical phenomena: planets with short orbits around cooler stars (which, if in their star's habitable zone, could still harbor water); young, still - forming proto - stars, which could provide insight into star and planet formation; and supernovae and galaxy clusters.

And, according to Laura Spitler, namesake of the Spitler burst and a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, in Bonn, Germany, magnetars generally form from stellar explosions called Type - I superluminous supernovas.

As galaxies age, they develop greater concentrations of heavy elements formed by the nuclear reactions in the cores of stars and in the cataclysmic explosions of supernovae.

A pulsar is formed when a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel and dies in a cataclysmic explosion called a supernova.

It is thought to have been produced in supernova nucleosynthesis from the collision of two neutron stars and to have been present in the dust from which the Solar System formed.

The void was formed when powerful stellar winds paired with the supernovae of numerous stars embedded within the cosmic structure carved out a vast cavities in the dust and gas left over from the star creation process.

While it's known that Type 1a supernovae form from collapsing white dwarfs — the densest forms of matter after black holes and neutron stars — their formation theories come in two flavors: the single degenerate scenario in which a normal star is consumed by a white dwarf; and the double degenerate scenario in which two white dwarfs merge.

Most of these have been found to precede large Type - II supernovas of massive stars (sometimes called «hypernova») in star - forming regions within distant galaxies, which is logical since massive stars live such short lives that they don't have time to move far from their birthplace.

In any case, any developing carbon - based life on a developing Earth - type planet would be subject to tremendous heat on a newly formed planet that is under intense asteroidal and cometary bombardment, in addition to the intense and deadly radiation produced by nearby supernovae and other massive young starIn any case, any developing carbon - based life on a developing Earth - type planet would be subject to tremendous heat on a newly formed planet that is under intense asteroidal and cometary bombardment, in addition to the intense and deadly radiation produced by nearby supernovae and other massive young starin addition to the intense and deadly radiation produced by nearby supernovae and other massive young stars.

In 2003, astronomers announced that they had discovered that iron from supernovae of the first stars (possibly from Type Ia supernovae involving white dwarfs) indicate that «massive chemically enriched galaxies formed» within one billion years after the Big Bang, and so the first stars may have preceded the birth of supermassive black holes (more from Astronomy Picture of the Day, ESA, and Freudling et al, 2003).