This case is useful as it demonstrates there is a difference between the application of a one off act or decision and a finding that a practice or policy would be adopted, as
found by the employment tribunal on the evidence of this case.
Not exact matches
Eweida's case was previously rejected
by an
employment tribunal, which
found the wearing of a crucifix is not a requirement of the Christian faith, and then
by the court of appeal and the supreme court.
However, this was adjusted because of the
tribunal's
findings of fact, including: (i) that there was an 80 % chance that Wardle would have left Calyon at the beginning of April 2010 since he had made a number of job moves in his career; and (ii) there was a 70 % chance that Wardle would secure alternative
employment with similar remuneration to the Calyon promotion
by the end of 2011.
The overall result was that the
tribunal in Neufeld had erred in
finding that, although the factors generally pointed to
employment, this was negated
by the element of control of the company and the giving of personal guarantees
by the claimant (along with, curiously, his failure to take his full holiday entitlement).
Since the
tribunal's own
finding of fact was that Wardle had a 70 % chance of securing new
employment with equivalent remuneration
by the end of 2011, this was the point that his loss should cease to accrue.
Having gone on to uphold the
tribunal's
finding of no
employment contract, the EAT went on to give the following guidance, which bears reading in full
by anyone dealing with one of these cases: Unlike casual worker cases, where the key issue is mutuality of obligations, to construct one overall contract of
employment, in agency worker cases the key issue is likely to be «whether the way in which the contract is in fact performed is consistent with the agency arrangements or... is only consistent with an implied contract between the worker and the end user and would be inconsistent with there being no such contract».
In 2014, the EAT
found that the
employment tribunal had erred in law and that it had, in effect, attempted to rewrite legislation
by trying to give CPA 2004 a retrospective effect which had not been intended
by government.