Eventually, as the snow turns into glacier ice, the reflected
fraction of incoming radiation drops to as low as one half or less.
Not exact matches
If the surface plus atmosphere together acts as a gray body at 288 K with e = 0.61, then only 61 %
of incoming solar
radiation at thermal infrared wavelengths (a small
fraction of the total) will be absorbed.
Let the top layer be a gray body with emissivity e and suppose it also absorbs a
fraction f
of the
incoming solar
radiation.
Suppose further that a
fraction «a»
of the
incoming shortwave
radiation is absorbed in the atmosphere (with the remainder being absorbed by the ground).
Five to six times as much
incoming solar
radiation is reflected back to space from clouds as from the Earth's surface (
of which only a
fraction is from snow or ice).
An atmosphere that is perfectly transparent to
incoming and outgoing
radiation can not radiate and all its heat content comes from conduction from the surface and is transported through the atmosphere solely by convection with no loss
of energy to space except for the tiny
fraction of atoms at the top
of the atmosphere that exceed escape velocity.