There is no limit as to how much Credit the banking system can create
through fractional reserve banking — other than the ability of the borrowers to pay interest on the money they have been lent.
Bank runs are not caused by the gold standard — they are caused
by fractional reserve banking, where banks figure what percentage of deposits they need to keep on hand for customer withdrawls, and loan out the rest.
Let's start with a quick definition of banking before moving on, because it is essential to the discussion of any specific type of banking, such
as fractional reserve banking.
We discussed earlier that the banks benefit
from fractional reserve banking by being the first to access the new money that is created by their fractional lending.
So,
fractional reserve banking caused financial panics and boom - bust economic cycles in the US prior to the creation of the Fed, but crises and recessions in the pre-Fed era were relatively short and the economy tended to recover far more quickly.
John's post was not
about fractional reserve banking — it was about the a book discussing the history of the Federal Reserve, and was interesting and insightful.
The fact that
fractional reserve banking leads to periodic crises suggests the following solution: banks should not be allowed to create new money out of nothing, that is, banks should be subject to the same laws as everyone else.
The bottom line is that it is not
fractional reserve banking per se that is the cause of inflationary increases to the money supply due to the money multiplier process but rather the ability of central banks to override market signals, thanks to their monopoly status, and add reserves to the banking system at their discretion and independently of the public's preferences.
We can either have a civilized democracy, or we can have a Corporate Plutocracy founded upon a Ponzi -
style fractional reserve banking capitalist system, but we can not have both.
I know fiat money has its problems, and so
does fractional reserve banking, but if you are going to propose a solution, perhaps one that fits the basics of how a well - run bank at low leverage would work would be a good place to start.
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Fractional reserve banking often allows banks to have small reserves against which loans can then be made out for larger amounts as usually most people do not withdraw their cash deposits at the same time.
In fact, the more important M2 money supply, which accounts
for fractional reserve banking and credit did not see a marked increase during this same period.
Likewise, the authors claimed that a state - issued cryptocurrency could impact the extension of credit to the private sector because it would
undermine fractional reserve banking, writing:
And the booms and busts «complained» about by the Keynsians which they claim shows the need for central control and elimination of the gold standard, are created by central banks inflating the money supply
through fractional reserve banking and artificially fueling demand, speculation, and price increases.
For those unfamiliar
with fractional reserve banking it just means that the bank isn't required to keep 100 % of the amount on deposit in the bank at all times.
The practice of issuing gold claims in amounts that exceeded actual holdings came to be known
as fractional reserve banking (the number of gold receipts floating was only «fractionally reserved» by the amount of physical gold).
Any person who creates or originates United States money by lending against deposits, through so -
called fractional reserve banking, or by any other means, after the effective date shall be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
One of his views that always stuck with me on that subject, at least as a starting point for thinking about it, was that it was somewhat nonsensical to talk about what «equilibrium exchange rates» should be in a world of fiat currencies and
fractional reserve banking.
Jamie Dimon is a Wall Street insider, JP Morgan has made billions off of centralized fiat currency and
fractional reserve banking.
Thanks to excessive deposit creation (
fractional reserve banking) there were three financial panics during this period (in 1873, 1884 and 1893), but the overall economy achieved very strong real growth.
In other words, the root of the problem is — and has always been — the legal ability of banks to create credit «out of thin air», commonly referred to as
fractional reserve banking.
Phrases with «fractional reserve banking»