Sentences with phrase «fracture risk»

The FDA also found that after conducting its own review of how effective bisphosphonates are after several years of use, beyond three to five years there was little, if any, additional benefit for most patients unless the person was older and had a higher fracture risk and a bone density that was «osteoporotic.»

Taking less than about 800 international units (IU) of vitamin D per day, with or without calcium, had no effect on bone - fracture risk when compared with taking a placebo or a calcium supplement alone.

The overall calcium balance appears to be unchanged by high dietary protein intake in healthy individuals (13), and current evidence suggests that increased protein intakes in those with adequate supplies of protein, calcium, and vitamin D do not adversely affect BMD or fracture risk (14).

The following is the link: Invokana and Invokamet (canagliflozin): Drug Safety Communication — New Information on Bone Fracture Risk and Decreased Bone Mineral Density http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm461876.htm

Similarly, the Harvard Nurses» Health Study, which followed more than 72,000 women for 18 years, showed no protective effect of increased milk consumption on fracture risk.

Although calcium supplements don't appear to prevent hip fractures, they may reduce overall fracture risk by like 10 %.

Studies show that Vitamin K decreases fracture risk.

Finally, it should be reiterated that the Nurses» Health Study found the association between vitamin A and fracture risk to be concentrated among postmenopausal women not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Although those of us who would like to feel reassured of the safety and benefit of a high vitamin A intake without giving the subject careful thought may be tempted to brush off this research as conflicting and therefore inconclusive, studies that do not find an association between vitamin A and BMD or fracture risk generally suffer from some inadequacy, being bettered by their counterparts that do find an association.

The Opotowski team, which found that low vitamin A levels had as great an effect lowering BMD as did high vitamin A levels, suggested that vitamin A deficiency may contribute to increased fracture risk by allowing bone matrix to grow faster than it can be mineralized.12 Indeed, although the net effect of vitamin A is to stimulate osteoclasts and slow the growth of osteoblasts, vitamin A also causes osteoblasts to secrete a variety of enzymes and other proteins that are important to bone mineralization, including osteocalcin, which is a protein that plays a direct role in attracting and binding calcium within the bone matrix.6 By slowing the growth of the matrix but increasing the rate at which it is mineralized, adequate vitamin A helps to ensure sufficient bone density.

Regardless of these findings, adequate vitamin D intake and maintaining blood levels within the optimal range may be a good strategy for protecting bone mass and reducing fracture risk.

Several randomized control studies show higher testosterone levels in both genders are linked to reduced hip fracture risk and risk of falls through muscle strength and balance.

Calcium intake in general does not seem to be related to hip fracture risk at all, and when people have been given calcium supplements, not only was there no reduction in hip fracture risk, an increased risk is possible.

Although the Lim team found no relationship between dietary intake of preformed retinol and fracture risk, it only used one one - week food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), 13 whereas the 1998 Melhus study used four one - week FFQs, 7 and the Nurses» Health Study used five one - week FFQs.

When taken together, these two studies demonstrate that a higher intake or blood level of vitamin A does not necessarily, by itself, lead to an increase or decrease in fracture risk; instead, an increase in vitamin A can be harmful if not accompanied by a sufficient increase in vitamin D, or healthful when accompanied by such an increase.

When the researchers performed a separate analysis of those using HRT and those not using HRT, there was no consistent relationship between retinol intake and fracture risk among those using HRT, while multivariate analysis yielded a statistically significant 252 percent increased risk in the highest quintile of vitamin A intake among women not using HRT.9

X Li et al, 2014, Coffee consumption and hip fracture risk: a meta - analsyis, Journal of Nutritional Science, published online ahead of print.

Experts don't know yet whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine and escitalopram, increase fracture risk.

H Hallstrom et al, 2013, Long - term coffee consumption in relation to fracture risk and bone mineral density in women, American Journal of Epidemiology, published online ahead of print.

Protein intake is inversely related to fracture risk.

1) Epidemiological data suggest a strong inverse relationship between protein intake (both animal and plant - based) and fracture risk (so osteoporosis).

A 2014 meta - analysis of 15 studies evaluating the role of coffee consumption in fracture risk suggested that daily consumption of coffee is associated with an increased risk of fractures in women in a dose dependent fashion and a contrasting decreased risk in men8.

However, a 2013 meta - analysis of 6 prospective and 6 case control studies provided insufficient evidence that coffee consumption significantly increases hip fracture risk.

The authors did find a significant association between coffee consumption and hip fracture risk amongst subgroups of females, elderly participants and North Americans.

Additional studies assessing the association between coffee consumption and bone mineral density and fracture risk have also provided inconclusive results.

The Adventist II study, which may be most informative for those following plant based diets because it includes sizeable populations of vegans / vegetarians, found that meat, legumes (but not soy) and meat analogues were all associated with reduced fracture risk (independently of each other).

(1) http://www.jenniferschneider.com/articles/Bisphosphonates.pdf Bisphosphonates and low - impact femoral fractures: Current evidence on alendronate - fracture risk by Jennifer P. Schneider, MD, PhD.

Individuals having optimum levels of magnesium require less vitamin D supplementation for achieving adequate levels of vitamin D. Magnesium also helps to reduce the risk of osteoporosis, which helps in mitigating bone fracture risk which can be attributed to low vitamin D levels.

Calcium intake and hip fracture risk in men and women: a meta - analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.

Since muscle strength plays a significant part in the risk of falls, sarcopenia contributes to an increased fracture risk as well as other injuries.

Studies to date have shown no significant fall or fracture risk, nor heightened risk of bone loss among healthy adults with adequate calcium intake.

The researchers only found one study that supported increased calcium intake for lower fracture risk, but noted that the study, published in 1992, was in a frail population with notable vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D is also often recommended to prevent fracture in older adults).

Numerous clinical trials showed reduced bone loss and fracture risk with calcium supplementation (1 — 10), particularly in cortical bone (55) and among older postmenopausal women and women with low - calcium diets (56).

BOSTON — Researchers from Hebrew SeniorLife's Institute for Aging Research, University of Western Australia, University of Sydney, and Edith Cowan University have discovered that bone density scans, typically used to determine fracture risk, could also be an aid in identifying cardiovascular disease.

The study on the assessment titled «Fracture Risk Assessment in Long - term Care (FRAiL)» was published today in the Journal of Gerontology Medical Science.

The association between alendronate use and hip fracture risk was maintained in patients taking both medium - and high - dose prednisolone (eTable 13 in the Supplement).

A large - scale genomic study uncovered novel genetic variants and led researchers to an unexpected gene that affects bone density and fracture risk.

An international team of researchers led by Dr. Brent Richards at McGill University set out to examine the role of rare genetic variants in bone mineral density and fracture risk.

The effect of glucocorticoid treatment is most prominent on trabecular bone and is therefore likely to be larger on vertebral bone than on hip bone.3 Glucocorticoids are associated with an increased rate of fracture, and higher doses and longer use of glucocorticoids are associated with higher risks of fracture.4 Compared with patients not taking glucocorticoids, the risk of hip and vertebral fracture among patients taking glucocorticoids is increased by 60 % and 160 %, respectively.4 Among 80 - year - old patients, the hip fracture risk is increased by a magnitude of 2.1 and is independent of BMD.5 Most studies indicate that fracture risk is increased following at least 3 months of treatment with daily doses of 5 mg of prednisolone or more in older men and women.4

Dr. Rivera added that a definite link has not been established between osteopenia in childhood and osteoporosis later in life, which increases the risk of brittle and porous bones, and ultimately, fracture risk.

«This study highlights the need for healthcare providers to take into consideration a woman's age at menopause onset when evaluating patients for fracture risk,» says Dr. JoAnn Pinkerton, NAMS executive director.

Oskar Ström, RPh, PhDc, co-author of the study said: «Our model, based on Swedish costs and fracture risk data, shows that the widespread implementation of FLS has the potential to prevent a large number of fractures in Swedish patients with only a moderate cost per quality - adjusted life - year.»

Adolescence is the key period for bone development, and poor development at this stage is linked to reduced peak bone mass (the amount of bone mass at the end of the skeletal maturation, around age 30), increased fracture risk and osteoporosis later in life.

A subgroup analysis of the women who did not take their own calcium supplements revealed that supplementing as part of the trial did reduce hip fracture risk by 30 percent.

A more accurate prediction of fracture risk.

The researchers found that, when the «genetic risk score» was used with the GFRC, the correct classification of individuals as high or low fracture risk was increased by 12 % over and above that of the traditional clinical risk factors, which together correctly classify up to 80 % of the studied individuals into high and low risk categories.

Among other major contributions to our understanding of osteoporosis, the Dubbo Study has enabled the development of the Garvan Fracture Risk Calculator (GFRC), one of two major algorithms worldwide that is used clinically to determine an individual's risk of osteoporotic fracture.

The GFRC uses clinical risk factors (age, sex, history of falls and fractures, and bone density) to assess an individual's fracture risk.

Professor Cyrus Cooper, Director of the MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, comments: «This study highlights an important link between diabetes and osteoporosis, and identifies a selective deficit in skeletal development, which leads to excess fracture risk in this increasingly frequent disorder.

Each of the genetic variants studied by the researchers is a single - nucleotide polymorphism, or SNP — a site at which the DNA code is altered by a single «letter» or nucleotide in some individuals, and where one «letter» is more commonly found in individuals with higher fracture risk.