natural - gas methane epa34 emission - reductions hydraulic -
fracturing shale - energy greenhouse - gases
This study is part of an ongoing series of studies into the costs and benefits of natural gas funded by the George Mitchell Foundation; Mitchell (now deceased) was the petroleum engineer and gas magnate who first popularized hydraulically
fracturing shale to release natural gas but also donated some of his fortune to sustainability research.
There is no technical issue with fracking, the controversial technique of
fracturing shale rock with high - pressure, chemically treated water to release natural gas.
Drilling for natural gas is booming in Pennsylvania — thanks to
fracturing shale rock with a water and chemical cocktail paired with the ability to drill in any direction.
To conduct the new study, the researchers collected and analyzed 44 samples of waters produced from conventional oil and gas wells in New York and Pennsylvania and 31 samples of flowback waters from hydraulically
fractured shale gas wells in Pennsylvania and Arkansas.
Levels of contamination were just as high in wastewater coming from conventional oil and gas wells as from hydraulically
fractured shale gas wells.
At a small scale so far, that future is on display in hundreds of gas projects in Canada and some states where liquefied propane (in gel form) is used to pressurize and
fracture shale and then exits the well in gaseous form to be collected for reuse or other purposes.
A logical step for saving money in the energy - industry bust of the late 1990s, it happened to
fracture the shale more effectively.
Hydraulic fracturing sends «huge volumes of toxic fluids» deep underground at high pressure, to
fracture shale rock and release natural gas, Food & Water Watch claims.
[34][35] According to the US Geological Survey: «It was not until development of the Barnett Shale play in the 1990s that a technique suitable for
fracturing shales was developed» [36] Although Mitchell experimented with horizontal wells, early results were not successful, and the Barnett Shale boom became highly successful with vertical wells.
The sandy water
fractures the shale, releasing the gas or oil trapped inside.
Not exact matches
To get the oil, producers
fracture, or «frack,» the earth below with a high - pressure liquid mixture to untap oil and gas from
shale rock.
The pace of oil and gas production gains has consistently surprised forecasters since horizontal drilling and hydraulic
fracturing, better known as «fracking», were pioneered in U.S.
shale rock formations about ten years ago.
It's going to cost her $ 3,200 to get a lab to test for all the acids, detergents and poisons that companies say they use for fracking — or hydraulic
fracturing — to break up underground
shale and remove oil and natural gas.
Sophisticated drilling techniques — including the controversial method of hydraulic
fracturing, or «fracking» — have unlocked enormous energy reserves previously inaccessible in
shale formations in North Dakota and elsewhere, making U.S. energy independence a real possibility.
Rig hands thread together drilling pipe at a hydraulic
fracturing site owned by EQT Corp. located atop the Marcellus
shale rock formation in Washington Township, Pennsylvania.
The national government in London supports hydraulic
fracturing, or fracking, to release gas from
shale rock, and so did the planning staff of the Lancashire County Council.
Unconventional gas development (UGD), characterized by advances in engineering, including horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic
fracturing, enables extraction of large amounts of fossil fuel from
shale deposits at depths that were previously unapproachable [1].
Advances in horizontal drilling and hydraulic
fracturing over the past 20 years led to a U.S. energy boom in «unconventionals,» a category that includes the
shale gas and «tight» oil found in
shale fields like the Cretaceous Eagle Ford and Mowry and older ones like the Barnett and Bakken.
Although the Permian has been gushing crude since the 1920s, its multiple layers of oil - soaked
shale remained largely untapped until the last several years, when intensive drilling and
fracturing techniques perfected in other U.S.
Shale regions were adopted.
The biggest challenge facing the new government will be the scale of its Soviet - like subsidies for
shale gas development and the missing science on hydraulic
fracturing.
Discovering
Shale Gas: An Investor's Guide to Hydraulic
Fracturing of
Shale Plays explores in detail the environmental and social impacts of
shale gas development in the United States, identifying key questions for investors and also broader issues about
shale gas development's implications for extending the era of fossil fuel dominance.
«In the past decade we saw just such a disruptive step - change technology innovation in
fracturing technology in
shale oil.
Only one
shale gas well in Britain has been hydraulically
fractured.
June 30 2011: The French parliament voted to ban the controversial technique for extracting natural gas from
shale rock deposits known as hydraulic
fracturing, or fracking.
The boom in unconventional fuels — such as bitumen extracted from Alberta's tar sands and oil extracted from North Dakota's Bakken
shale formation by hydraulic
fracturing («fracking»)-- has swelled global reserves even as climate scientists issue ever - sterner warnings that burning more than a small fraction of these reserves would be suicidal.
A drilling technique known as hydraulic
fracturing in
shale rock formations — fracking — in the U.S. produced large amounts of crude oil, natural gas and other petroleum products.
Now, it is suddenly plentiful and relatively cheap in the U.S. due to hydraulic
fracturing technology, or fracking, a process that has unlocked natural gas from massive
shale formations, driving prices down.
Oil production is soaring from
shale formations in Texas and North Dakota using hydraulic
fracturing and directional drilling technology.
In North America's most active
shale fields, the drilling and hydraulic
fracturing of new wells is directly placing older adjacent wells at risk of suffering a premature decline in oil and gas production.
The
fractures that originate from these points can be laterally extensive, and
shale producers are studying ways to avoid them from hitting their other wellbores.
The Southern Tier's outlook already had been dimmed by the Cuomo administration's December 2014 decision to block
shale gas production using hydraulic
fracturing in the Marcellus
Shale region.
The downstate region, dominated by New York City, has been growing much faster than upstate (everything north of the metropolitan transportation district)-- and the slowest growing upstate metro areas are in Central New York and the Southern Tier, which would benefit most from the issuance of long - delayed state regulations allowing the use of hydraulic
fracturing in
shale gas production.
The Health Department under his interim leadership produced last year's analysis concluding
shale gas development using high - volume hydraulic
fracturing carries unacceptable health risks.
While high - volume hydraulic
fracturing is banned in New York State, using propane to bust open
shale formations and release natural gas is not.
Horizontal hydraulic
fracturing, aka fracking, is an efficient means of extracting natural gas from
shale -LSB-...]
The Cuomo administration is seeking to lift what has effectively been a moratorium in New York State on hydraulic
fracturing, a controversial technique used to extract natural gas from
shale, state environmental regulators said on Thursday.
The company developed a patented
fracturing method that uses Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)-- plus three chemical additives — to break the
shale and release natural gas, as opposed to conventional hydrofracking, which uses large amounts of water mixed with chemicals....)
Hydro - fracking is not just about drilling into the ground, but running hugely powerful diesel engines to create the necessary pressure to
fracture the underground
shale as well as fleets of heavy duty trucks criss - crossing rural and scenic roads carrying heavy equipement and toxic by - products, including uranium.
Making fracking easier Extracting
shale gas from the ground requires some genuine political courage, because there's deep suspicion across the country about what the process of hydraulic
fracturing actually involves.
But with the possible start to drilling for natural gas in the Marcellus
shale formation of the Southern Tier, Libous — who supports the use of hydraulic
fracturing — said more information is needed.
Health professionals and scientists are out with two new independent summations of the risks and harms of
shale gas development and hydraulic
fracturing.
ALBANY — Opponents of
shale gas drilling and hydraulic
fracturing gathered in Albany on Monday to keep up the pressure on Gov. Andrew Cuomo as he prepares to decide whether to allow the practice after four years of studying its health and environmental impacts.
Speaking Thursday at the annual Spring Environment Conference held by the Business Council in Albany, Martens says the agency doesn't have a specific date yet for an update on the environmental review and proposed regulations for high - volume hydraulic
fracturing of
shale gas wells.
The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation has come under increased scrutiny as questions have arisen over the agency's ability to oversee Hyrdraulic
Fracturing, should the process of extracting natural gas from
shale be legalized in the state.
He promises to continue to work to advance his party's agenda — including their push to ban the practice of hydraulic
fracturing of New York
shale deposits.
Fracturing a natural gas well requires millions of gallons of water mixed with sand and chemicals to release gas from the
shale formation thousands of feet below the earth's surface.
The report recommends «regulators should explore the option of mandating alternative
fracturing methods to reduce the wastewater usage and contamination from
shale gas extraction in the Marcellus
Shale.»
Horizontal hydraulic
fracturing, aka fracking, is an efficient means of extracting natural gas from
shale deposits often otherwise unaccessible, but critics say the process causes environmental damage and can even possibly trigger future earthquakes.
Added up, these shortcomings point to a potential nightmare scenario if New York moves forward with hydraulic
fracturing in deep
shale such as the Marcellus, or «fracking.»