And in 2017, it's almost criminal to be relying on crude, 100 % wasteful
friction brakes as the sole means of slowing cars down.
Not exact matches
This hitch uses the same automotive
friction material
as used on vehicle
brakes integrated into its system, so you know it works.
The car's momentum, instead of being grabbed by high -
friction brake pads and thrown away
as useless heat, is mopped up in the form of electricity that replenishes the batteries.
The battery will also serve
as a storage medium for a regenerative
braking system that will recoup
braking energy that is otherwise lost to
friction.
Basic physical laws (e.g.
Friction = NormalForce * ConstantCoefficient), by the way, can not describe correctly such a complex scenario
as a great mass
braking on an uneven surface, with tyres deforming, car pitching on the nose, vibrations from the ABS kicking in.
As with the Development Package, the Edition 507 car also includes an upgraded
brake system that includes lightweight discs (14.2 inches up front), six - piston front and four - piston rear calipers, and a different
friction compound for the pads.
This however does not hold true for rear wheel drive vehicles which can have a strong weight transfer (high, soft - suspension cars,
as most US vehicles),
as the added
braking force on the rear wheels without added (weight - transfer caused)
friction could cause wheel lockup and possibly loss of control of the vehicle.
As a side note, it is usually better, downhill on good
friction surfaces, to apply firmer less frequent
braking actions compared to a continuous
braking action, which causes more wear to the
brakes and more heat to be dumped to the
braking fluid.
Note that it will not spin completely freely
as there is some
friction provided by the
brakes even when not applied, but usually you can get at least one revolution.
I intended to get the discs resurfaced because A) I understood it to be routine practice when replacing the pads, and B) the
brakes as a whole had been screeching for some time, and the discs are very clearly glazed over and lacking the gritty
friction of fresh rotors.
You're still confusing the two types of classical
friction due to the use of ABS: it's not enough to say «sufficient
braking power to lock the wheels»
as that would just be a skid.
It's difficult to
brake smoothly, with an initial jolt from the regenerative effect of the motor and then a period of muddiness
as regen swaps with
friction braking.
Engine
braking occurs when the retarding forces within an engine are used to slow a vehicle down,
as opposed to using additional external
braking mechanisms such
as friction brakes or magnetic
brakes.
The higher compression ratio in diesels means they are harder to start, but once they are running the energy expended in compressing air is regained during the expansion stroke when the compressed air is allowed to «spring» back, so the higher compression ratio causes negligible engine
braking via energy being lost
as friction and heat of compressed air to engine block.
Regenerative
braking is not by itself sufficient
as the sole means of safely bringing a vehicle to a standstill, or slowing it
as required, so it must be used in conjunction with another
braking system such
as friction - based
braking.
This contrasts with conventional
braking systems, where the excess kinetic energy is converted to unwanted and wasted heat by
friction in the
brakes, or with dynamic
brakes, where energy is recovered by using electric motors
as generators but is immediately dissipated
as heat in resistors.
Braking was smooth in testing; the pedal feel on some other hybrids changes
as the car blends
friction and regenerative
braking.
All four
brake discs come for the first time
as a composite structure with the
friction discs made of grey - cast iron, the
brake covers of light aluminium.
Activation of DTC raises the threshold for intervention by the
brakes, enabling the driver of a BMW 3 Series Coupe to set off smoothly on low
friction surfaces such
as snow.
When the traction control computer (often incorporated into another control unit, such
as the ABS module) detects one or more driven wheels spinning significantly faster than another, it invokes the ABS electronic control unit to apply
brake friction to wheels spinning with lessened traction.
This most elaborate of BMW
brake concepts shares 2 - piece rotors with the 550i and 6 Series: an aluminum «hat» inner portion to reduce unsprung weight, and a cast - iron outer portion
as the actual
friction surface.
The
braking system relies on
friction to help it slow the momentum of the wheels to bring the vehicle to a stop, produced by the cooperation of
brake components such
as the Ford
brake caliper,
brake pads, and the
brake disc.
The
friction that is produced by this contact slows and stops the motion of the wheels
as the
brake is applied.
Both
brake types use a hydraulic
braking system
as well
as a
brake pad or
brake shoe to create
friction and cause a vehicle to stop when the driver applies pressure to the
brake pedal.
Regenerative
braking begins
as soon
as the driver releases the throttle pedal, with a strong regenerative
braking effect beginning when the
brake pedal is depressed and continuing until the point that the vehicle speed drops below 1 mph, when the
friction brakes fully engage.
The CLA - Class has an advanced electromechanical power steering system which uses ESP control unit data to facilitate various steering assistance functions such
as counter-steering in the event of oversteer, corrective steering when
braking on road surfaces with differing levels of grip (split -
friction braking), minimization of torque steer and compensation for crosswinds and road gradients.
Low
friction engine technology has the same aim,
as does an alternator that is charged with
brake energy recuperation where possible.
Torque vectoring
brake comes
as standard, applying
friction to the inside rear wheel while cornering for crisper turn in and less understeer.
If the battery fills up due to regenerative
braking in B the car will dissipate the energy by using the generator to spin the gas engine (known
as «engine
braking») rather than using the
friction brakes on the wheels.
Priority dated Nov 9, 2005 (almost a decade ahead of the two patents quoted in this post) describes an in - wheel motor vehicle drive system that replaces
friction brakes and operates all mandatory safety features such
as ABS, ESC and EBA
Applying lessons learned through development of two generations of Optima Hybrids
as well
as the fully electric Soul EV, Kia engineers designed the Niro's regenerative system to seamlessly blend in hydraulic
friction braking.
Because large commercial trucks are more difficult to stop, a truck accident reconstructionist must include other variables beyond the usual
friction values to calculate vehicle speed, such
as brake balance and
brake lag time.
This includes but is not limited to: ceiling and floor tiles, roofing shingles, heat, sound and electrical insulation, and
friction materials such
as automobile
brake lining and transmission parts.
High property taxes act
as a
friction, or a bit of a
brake, on real estate speculation and real estate bubbles.