(3) In the same manner, the significant influence from relationships with friends to relationships with parents validated
a friend effect model, suggesting a generalization from relationship skills and principles of adolescent friendships to relationships with parents.
In the same manner, a consistent significant influence from adolescents» perceptions of relationships with friends to relationships with parents (except regarding negative interaction from early to middle adolescence) supported
the friend effect model, as based on based on the differences between parent — adolescent relationships and friendships (Laursen and Collins 1994).
We will refer to these perspectives as the parent effect model and
the friend effect model, respectively.
In this study, we aimed to test expectations based on two contrasting perspectives: the parent effect model, which suggested an effect from parent — adolescent relationships to adolescent friendships, and
the friend effect model, which proposed an effect from adolescent friendships to parent — adolescent relationships.
For support and negative interaction in early to middle adolescence, the data supported the parent effect model more than
the friend effect model, whereas both models were equally strong in middle to late adolescence.
Thus, support for both the parent effect model and
the friend effect model was found.
Not exact matches
Going in step with the film's game vs. reality plot, several establishing shots have a tilt - shift
effect, as if beginning as miniature diorama
models on a game board, and a continuous shot of the group of
friends playing a game of keep - away with a black - market Fabrege egg — a McGuffin — through every room of a mansion is a tense, energetic, elaborately choreographed bit of showing off.
We've all been down this copy protection road many times before with music and then video... and now eBooks... The publishers need to realize that change is not only inevitable, but inherently good and we're quickly moving to a dis - intermediated world... Darwin was right about who will survive (i.e. adapt or die) and the technology has been (and always will be) ahead of legislation and emerging business
models... Sharing among trusted
friends is basically «free marketing» and there's plenty of empirical evidence out there to support a complementary
effect on book sales.
A good
friend of mine (who's a scientist in an area far removed from climate) was arguing some time ago that the climate
models are useless because they don't include clouds at all or in such a crude way that their
effect is totally meaningless.
And in the spirit of NWEI's
model for change, we also recommend drawing on the support of
friends, co-workers or classmates as you work to
effect changes in your life.
To address the first hypothesis and investigate the
effect of the Zippy's
Friends intervention on the children's emotional literacy skills at post-intervention and at 12 - month follow - up, a
model for each subscale was fitted.
To investigate the
effect of the Zippy's
Friends intervention on the children's emotional and behavioural functioning at post-intervention and at 12 - month follow - up, a
model for each subscale (emotional symptoms, hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer relationship problems and prosocial behaviour) was fitted.
In MANOVA (Table 2) with the marital satisfaction factors of the ENRICH as dependent variables a
model with a main
effect for WOC situations (based on significant differences for «Conflict Resolution», «Sexual Activities», and «Family and
Friends») and the co-variate
effect of the women's age (based on significant differences for «Religious orientation») could be evaluated.
Across both
friend and other peer
models, negative attributions of others» reactions and anticipated adherence difficulties had significant indirect
effects on metabolic control through associations with diabetes - related stress.
The consistent significant influence from relationships with parents to relationships with
friends confirmed a parent
effect model suggesting that perceptions of relationships with parents generalize to friendships (Schneider et al. 2001).
To examine the cross-
effects between adolescents» perceptions of the quality of their relationships with parents and
friends over time, we conducted path analyses with cross-lagged
effects by means of structural equation
modeling.
Although we observed that for female dyads,
friends» reinforcement of normative talk was significantly related to experiencing more peer pressure to have sex, the final
model (actor and partner
effects constrained) explained no significant variance in experienced peer pressure for boys (R 2 =.02, p =.454) or girls (R 2 =.04, p =.387).