In Earth's past the trigger for these greenhouse gas emissions was often unusually massive volcanic eruptions known as «
Large Igneous Provinces,» with knock - on effects that included huge releases of CO2 and methane
from organic - rich sediments.
Proposed hypothe - ses include (i) biogenic methane
from gas hydrate dissociation (Dickens et al., 1995,1997); (ii) CO2
from extensive oxidation terrestrial organic carbon (Kurtz et al., 2003; Deconto et al., 2012); (iii) thermogenic methane derived
from emplacement of a
large 25
igneous province (LIP) in the North Atlantic (Svensen et al., 2010) or combinations of such sources (Sluijs et al., 2007; Panchuk et al., 2008).