New insights into Southern Hemisphere temperature changes
from Vostok ice cores using deuterium excess correction.
Variations over 420,000 years of CO2, methane (CH4), and temperature,
from the Vostok ice core after it reached bedrock (1999): four complete glacial cycles.
When we calculate
this from the Vostok data given above, we find that to work, the climate sensitivity would have to be 23 °C 7 °C per doubling of CO2 (corrected, thanks to commenters)... and not even the most rabid alarmist would believe that.
On the basis of atmospheric CO2 data obtained from the Antarctic Taylor Dome ice core and temperature data obtained
from the Vostok ice core, Indermuhle et al. (2000) studied the relationship between these two parameters over the period 60,000 - 20,000 years BP (Before Present).
HS12 reviews a number of other temperature estimates, including
from the Vostok Antarctic ice core, and arrives at its LGM cooling estimate.
Whether temp changes causes CO2 change (good evidence for that, at least coincidentally,
from the Vostok record) or as a coincidence based on volcanic emissions, CO2 does nothing to change overall climate.
There is no need to fetch glimpses of a distant past
from the Vostok ice core.
Records of CO2 (green) and temperature (blue) over the past 350,000 years
from the Vostok ice core, after [Petit et al., 1999].
http://webpages.charter.net/wtelle/Warming/Vostok.jpg These are data
from the Vostok ice core, units not implied on the y - axis because the scales have been normalized to track changes.
This quashes the on - going temperature and CO2 increases evident
from the Vostok record.
So the prediction
from Vostok is for a natural temperature response about the same as IPCC predicts for man doubling atmospheric CO2 content after turning off the on - going natural processes.
From the Vostok Ice Core, it is clear that the Earth is subjected to many levels of NATURAL «warmings»: JUST one «category «10» warming of 9 + with an ~ 12000y duration every 120,000 y; several category «6» warmings of 5 - 6C peaking ~ every 7500y after each category «10» event; many category «3» warmings of 2 - 3C peaking ~ every 5000y; and a multitude of category «2» warmings of 1 - 2C peaking on decade and century scales.
* An exponential fit hindcasts absurdly, namely to zero when the ice core data
from Vostok etc. would suggest 280 - 290 as a more reasonable hindcasting target.
Pepin, L., Raynaud, D., Barnola, J. M. & Loutre, M. F. Hemispheric roles of climate forcings during glacial — interglacial transitions as deduced
from the Vostok record and LLN - 2D model experiments.
The ice core recovered
from Vostok, Antarctica, records over 400,000 years of climate history.
The graph built
from the Vostok ice core data shows us the relationship between CO2 in the atmosphere and global temperature.
We understand
from Vostok ice core data that there is a ~ 600 year lag in CO2 after temperature.
«Climate and Atmospheric History of the Past 420,000 Years
from the Vostok Ice Core, Antarctica.»
Since the data
from Vostok is a data point every 20 years or so it is important to compare to 20 year averages.
I worked the standard deviation of a 10,000 year period
from the Vostok ice core.
You can't derive that purely
from the Vostok curves.
For example, if you examine the ice core data, say
from Vostok station http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/vostok/ you may find many episodes with «bizzare» behavior.
We take inspiration
from Vostok, Voyager, Apollo and the other great missions.
Sample of ice core recovered
from Vostok ice core.
Christner has examined microbial life in ice cores
from Vostok and many other global locations.
While a team of Russian scientists were drilling ice core samples
from their Vostok base in Antarctica, new satellite imagery revealed the outline of a lake the size of New Jersey buried two miles underneath the ice.
Not exact matches
Joining the round is London - based VC Amadeus Capital Partners, investing $ 2 million, while the first closing of Iyzico's Series C was led by
Vostok Emerging Finance, with participation
from previous investors, International Finance Corporation (the World Bank's investing arm), and Istanbul - based VC 212.
«This isolated
Vostok and prevented the waves of warm air that normally come up
from the ocean,» says Turner.
Although a British team was unsuccessful in its quest to penetrate Lake Ellsworth, a group of Russian scientists successfully retrieved samples
from Lake
Vostok, thousands of kilometers away on the Eastern Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Vostok has been sealed off
from the surface for 15 million years, fueling eager speculation that archaic organisms might be secluded there.
Several Russian news outlets are reporting that Russian scientists have successfully drilled to Antarctica's Lake
Vostok, a massive liquid lake cut off
from daylight for 14 million years and buried beneath 2 miles (3.7 kilometers) of ice.
Nov. 19: See space artifacts ranging
from an original model of Sputnik to a
Vostok - 6 capsule at the London Science Museum's Cosmonauts exhibit, opening today with many items never before seen outside Russia.
Pluto spends its time far
from the sun, where temperatures hover around minus 391 degrees Fahrenheit; Ceres is much closer and can heat up to minus 37 F (warmer than summers at Antarctica's
Vostok station).
His Russian scientific team had finally accomplished its elusive goal: retrieving the purest sample yet
from Lake
Vostok, an Antarctic body of water that has likely been locked beneath thousands of feet of ice for up to 15 million years.
A drill finally penetrated through the ice to
Vostok's waters in February 2012, and samples were obtained
from water that froze on the drill.
Apparently the drillers had hit meltwater
from the top of Lake
Vostok that had slowly refrozen and accreted onto the bottom of the overlying glacial ice sheet.
This dirty ice represented muddy water
from Lake
Vostok that had frozen back onto the bottom of the ice sheet.
He pointed to an ice core taken
from East Antarctica's Lake
Vostok, which lies underneath the ice sheet.
If they can obtain the satellite, Polar Broadband Systems hopes to have it in place by the next Antarctic summer — in time for Russian scientists» return to Lake
Vostok to collect the first sample of water
from an Antarctic subglacial lake.
Warmth
from the Earth has melted about 2000 cubic kilometers of water, making Lake
Vostok by far the largest of more than 70 known lakes within the Antarctic ice.
Scientists aren't sure where the water in Lake
Vostok comes
from — or how warm it might be.
These modern - day explorers hope to discover whether
Vostok, which at 5000 km3 is the third deepest lake on the planet, is teeming with hidden, cold - loving life that could have evolved separately
from the rest of the world for hundreds of thousands of years.
Even if contamination is not the source of DNA
from unexpected species, it is still possible that animals or algae do not currently live in Lake
Vostok.
While direct samples of water
from subglacial Antarctic lakes have yet to be obtained, the lower 80m or so of the
Vostok ice core represents lake water that progressively freezes onto the base as the ice sheet slowly traverses the lake.
The DNA that Rogers» group found probably did not come
from animals that lived in Lake
Vostok before it was covered in ice.
His samples came
from two holes that were drilled into the ice above Lake
Vostok.
At this point, you'll discover that
Vostok make a much - needed break
from form.
Vostok Games» Andriyash Kozlovsky told Eurogamer Survarium will transition to closed beta
from closed alpha «within a week or two».
While
Vostok Inc's visuals are simple, with most units built
from basic geometric shapes, the technique helps keep the framerate high and the on - screen chaos controllable.