Via case studies involving everything
from baboon behaviour to MRI imaging, Fisher delves deep into the hows and whys of love, providing us the insights we need to love better.
Via case studies involving everything
from baboon behavior to MRI imaging, Fisher delves deep into the hows and whys of love, providing us the insights we need to love better.
His musings traverse a diverse range of subjects —
from baboon sexual displays to human hairlessness to the evolution of language.
That's the conclusion reached by Louise Barrett at the University of Lethbridge in Alberta, Canada, who studied 11 years of observations
from a baboon troop in De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa.
Her sweet potatoes, she told us last year, are under constant attack
from baboons and elephants that stray from the park in search of food.
I don't imagine they think of us as being that much different
from baboons or the other creatures that they share the forest with, although none of the other creatures they share the forest with follow them around.
Not exact matches
The beauty of Cape Town is undeniable — the plateau - topped mountain range that drops into a shimmering sea; the free - roaming wildlife,
from whales breaching offshore to
baboons that sunbathe on the roadside; the Georgian mansions and Victorian homes that line its residential streets.
Every year, Cedar Citrus, a co-op citrus farm in South Africa owned by ALG Estates, received frequent visits
from a troop of
baboons even though the fruit was not yet ripened.
There is none exempt
from being reckoned: Thoth as
Baboon in charge of the balance Will reckon each man for his deeds on earth.»
In densely populated and impoverished parts of Africa, setting aside land for
baboons and protecting them may prevent human beings
from having the land they need to feed themselves.
Research
from wild
baboons provides insight into perhaps the best way to combat daily, psychological stress.
In a previous study, the team showed that whilst the management strategy was keeping
baboons away
from the urban space, some males were still finding ways in.
Scientists
from Swansea University's College of Science are part of an international team attempting to better understand the human -
baboon conflict in Cape Town, South Africa.
Our small hominid ancestors probably faced the same kinds of threats that
baboons do today
from leopards, eagles, and other predators.
FEMALE hamadryas
baboons may be vulnerable to a form of domestic violence
from which they feel unable to escape.
To find out more about how female
baboons forge bonds, Cheney and co-authors focused on detailed records of observations of 45 female
baboons from 2001 to 2007.
Baboons, like people, really do get by with a little help
from their friends.
Joan B. Silk of the University of California at Los Angeles and her colleagues analyzed 16 years of behavioral data
from a population of
baboons in Kenya.
For we will receive CVs
from violent offenders, grammatically incapable undergraduates, and possibly literal
baboons!»
By comparing how gut microbes
from human vegetarians and grass - grazing
baboons digest different diets, researchers have shown that ancestral human diets, so called «paleo» diets, did not necessarily result in better appetite suppression.
And later, he analyzed patterns of mortality and reproduction in natural populations of lions and
baboons (see «Just Like the Joneses») by working with other scientists who had already been collecting field data
from the mammals.
An adult male
baboon protects his juvenile son
from a teeth - baring rival.
After analyzing DNA
from fecal samples, they matched up 75 juveniles with their fathers and were surprised to discover that male
baboons not only recognize but also clearly favor their own genetic offspring.
By studying the mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA as well as other genetic data
from the animal, Link Olson of the University of Alaska Museum determined that it was more closely related to savanna
baboons than mangabeys.
The findings, appearing online Jan. 18 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, come
from a long - term study of wild
baboons monitored on a near - daily basis since 1971 at Amboseli.
Each contained jumbles of DNA sequences collected
from environments such as soil, the ocean, hydrothermal vents, industrial effluent, and cow and
baboon faeces.
Shortages of fertile females were particularly common in times of food scarcity, when
baboon troops distance themselves
from each other and females take 15 percent longer between successive births — which means males who don't kill have even longer to wait.
To do so, we trained
baboons to discriminate English words
from nonsense combinations of letters that resembled real words.
Michaela Hau, an evolutionary physiologist at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Germany, says that the new study is «immensely valuable» because it was carried out with a large number of
baboons who lived in the wild rather than a captive population, which might be suffering
from different kinds of stresses due to captivity, social isolation, or variable food quality.
But nearly 30 years of data on wild
baboons shows that top - ranking males, despite showing signs of increased stress, recover more quickly than low - ranking
baboons from wounds and illness.
The researchers also identified a correlation between speed of wound - healing and the size of the social group the
baboon belonged to: Males
from larger groups recovered more quickly than those in smaller groups.
The researchers suggest that primates such as
baboons and humans have benefited
from an «evolutionary flexibility» in how they respond to stress and that immune suppression is not always the result.
To try to tease out the relationship between social rank, stress, and health, Altmann teamed up with Elizabeth Archie, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana, and Susan Alberts, a behavioral ecologist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, to analyze data collected
from 1982 through 2009 in the Amboseli region of Kenya, home to a large population of wild
baboons.
Using a computer game,
baboons learned to identify English words
from nonsense based on common groupings of letters.
Surprisingly, the
baboons learned to distinguish scores of real words — the star pupil learned 308, but even the worst mastered 81 —
from 500 words and 7832 nonwords with about 75 % accuracy, the researchers will report in tomorrow's issue of Science.
Their analysis revealed that certain
baboons are «initiators» — individuals who typically step away
from the others.
The researchers collected fecal samples
from wild and captive macaques, langurs, gibbons,
baboons, and mandrills
from Bangladesh and Cambodia.
To make this discovery, Varki and colleagues compared three major CD33rSiglecs
from humans, chimpanzees and
baboons.
From the human perspective, few events in evolution were more momentous than the split among primates that led to apes (large, tailless primates such as today's gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans) and Old World monkeys (which today include
baboons and macaques).
The authors of the new study — a multicenter effort led by Kent State University anthropologists C. Owen Lovejoy and Mary Ann Raghanti and published January 22 in PNAS — began by measuring neurotransmitter levels in brain samples
from humans, chimpanzees, gorillas,
baboons and monkeys, all of whom had died of natural causes.
A new study, by researchers
from the University of Cambridge and the Zoological Society of London, shows how
baboons monitor each other for changes in behaviour that indicate food has been found, such as hunching over to scoop it up.
While
baboons acquire information about food locations
from watching others, they can also use social learning to see when that food is likely to be gone.
Research teams tracked the same two
baboon troops
from dawn until dusk across Namibia's Tsaobis Nature Park over several months each year between 2009 - 2014 to observe patterns of behaviour.
Alberts is skeptical of drawing any evolutionary implications
from the study, because human biology and social dynamics are so different
from that of
baboons.
As I know
from my work with free - ranging infant wild
baboons in Kenya — monkeys that have a social organization similar to that of the rhesus — this regimen results in a terrible distortion of the animals» natural way of life.
Latest research on social networks in wild
baboon troops has revealed how the animals get information
from each other on the whereabouts of food.
One major difference between Old World monkeys — those, like
baboons, that live in Africa and Asia — and America's New World monkeys, like the capuchins or organ - grinder monkeys, is that they do not have prehensile tails, and so can't hang by their tails
from trees.
Cocultivated with blood lymphocytes
from a seronegative
baboon.
Schreier, A. (2008) Composition and seasonality of diet in wild hamadryas
baboons: preliminary findings
from Filoha.
Four
baboons were shortly returned to their enclosure after they had escaped earlier
from a primate research facility.