Not exact matches
The study, «
Accretion - induced variability links young stellar objects, white dwarfs, and black holes», which is published in the journal Science Advances, shows how the «flickering» in the visible brightness of young stellar objects (YSOs)-- very young stars in the final stages of formation — is similar to the flickering seen from black holes or white dwarfs as they violently pull matter from their surroundings in a process known as a
Accretion - induced variability links young stellar objects, white dwarfs, and
black holes», which is published in the journal Science Advances, shows how the «flickering» in the visible brightness of young stellar objects (YSOs)-- very young stars in the final stages of formation — is similar to the flickering seen
from black holes or white dwarfs as they violently pull matter
from their surroundings in a process known as
accretionaccretion.
He saw the
black hole's event horizon, the point beyond which nothing can escape; and an
accretion disk, the gathering of matter siphoned
from nearby stars.
For comparison, the event horizon of a
black hole like this is about 13 times bigger than the sun, and the
accretion disk formed by the disrupted star could extend to more than twice Earth's distance
from the sun.
Image
from a simulation produced using the Blue Waters supercomputer demonstrates that relativistic jets follow along with the precession of the tilted
accretion disk around the
black hole.
Black holes whip out superheated gas
from their
accretion disks — pulled together
from material in surrounding space by their massive gravity — at such temperatures that the resulting light can outshine entire galaxies.
Each time a merger occurred, material
from the new galaxy got incorporated into the
accretion disk around the
black hole, spinning in the same direction as the
black hole and eventually contributing to its growth.
Eventually the
black hole pulls material
from the
accretion disk into it, raising temperatures which emits a glow.
In addition to
accretion disks,
black holes also have winds and incredibly bright jets erupting
from them along their rotation axis, shooting out matter and radiation at nearly the speed of light.
The
black holes that we can observe directly through their radiant emission are mostly in a configuration where gas swirls around the
black hole in the form of an
accretion disk and that
accretion disk — most of the mass is going to be in an ionized form, and then some of that gas gets expelled
from the environment around the
black hole, while it is still outside the
black hole, it gets squirted out in the form of an outflow, a wind like the solar wind and then [a] much faster, collimated outflow called a jet.
Scientists had already suggested that, close to the
black hole, the flat
accretion disc puffs up into a hot plasma, in which electrons are stripped
from their host atoms.
We now know that «radio loud» quasars occur when a fraction of the matter in the
accretion disk avoids the final fate of falling into the
black hole and comes blasting back out into space in high - speed jets emitted
from the poles of the
black hole.
Because
black holes can not be observed directly, Schulze's team instead measured emissions
from oxygen ions [O III] around the
black hole and
accretion disk to determine the radiative efficiency; i.e. how much energy matter releases as it falls into the
black hole.
As matter
from the star falls onto the
black hole, an
accretion disk forms around the
black hole.
After carefully examining several possibilities, the team concluded that huge amounts of gas are rapidly falling onto «little monster»
black holes in each of these ULXs, which produces a dense disk wind flowing away
from the supercritical
accretion disk.
By contrast, such features have not been observed
from «normal»
black hole X-ray binaries in the Milky Way where sub-critical
accretion takes place.
«It's unlikely that radiation
from an entire
accretion disk could be beamed in one direction»
from a smaller
black hole, he notes.
Swirling disks of material — called
accretion disks — may surround
black holes, and jets of matter may arise
from their vicinity.
«
From the available Chandra data for the source, we also concluded that the
black hole has a very low
accretion rate, and is therefore reached the end of its growth.
The problem, of course, stems
from the fact that with the exception of active
black holes — which are surrounded with a bright
accretion disk — it is kind of hard to hunt down objects that do not allow even light to escape their gravitational pull.
Early
black hole may have sucked matter in
from all around, rather than just
from an
accretion disk.
That growth should happen in part by mergers with other
black holes and in part by
accretion of material
from the part of the galaxy that surrounds the
black hole.
Typically stellar mass
black holes in the Milky Way have been found by detection of X-ray radiation
from their
accretion disks.
These galactic types are all characterized by violent activity at their cores, usually explained as arising
from an
accretion disk of hot gases that surrounds a central
black hole having a mass of about 1,000,000,000 Suns.
The
accretion disk is a few trillion kilometers across (a few light months across) but most of the intense radiation is produced within a couple of hundred billion kilometers
from the
black hole.
If the dust ring hides the
accretion disk, then only the slower - moving hot clouds that are farther
from the
black hole are visible.
«This may imply that at least the outer part of the jet is launched
from the
accretion disk surrounding the
black hole.
In March, researchers
from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico used computer simulations to calculate the rate of evolution of supermassive
black holes if their growth is fed by cold and dense
accretion streams.
«This lack of collisionality distinguishes the Sagittarius A *
accretion disk
from brighter and more radiative disks that orbit other
black holes,» the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) explained in the statement.