Most neuroscientists say thoughts are born
from brain cells called neurons.
Not exact matches
The retina contains small, specialized
neurons called bipolar
cells that transmit information
from light - sensitive photoreceptor
cells to ganglion
neurons, which send information to the
brain for interpretation as images.
In the new study, the team focused on
neurons called amacrine
cells and horizontal
cells, which have a known role in «preprocessing» — or adjusting — electrical signals transmitted to the
brain from the photoreceptors after they have been stimulated by light photons.
An entire field of computer science has grown out of insights derived
from the way the smallest units of the
brain —
cells called neurons — perform computations.
The virus appears to invade the
brain by infecting a type of glial
cell called olfactory ensheathing
cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing
neurons and guide them
from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.
Kenyon
cells make up only about 4 % of the entire fly
brain and are extremely sensitive to inputs triggered by odors, in which only two connections between
neurons,
called synapses, separate them
from the receptor
cells at the «front end» of the olfactory system.
Brain neurons are generated
from stem
cells called basal progenitors that are able to proliferate in humans, but not in mice.
Researchers
from Hiroki Taniguchi's lab at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) published a study in eNeuro in May 2017 showing for the first time that a unique type of inhibitory interneuron
called chandelier
cells — which are implicated in several diseases affecting the
brain such as schizophrenia and epilepsy — seem to develop their connections differently than other types of
neurons.
A recent generation of studies of postmortem
brain tissue
from people with schizophrenia, particularly
from the laboratory of Professor David Lewis and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh, have shed light on schizophrenia - related abnormalities in the interplay of the main excitatory
neurons, pyramidal
neurons, and a specific class of inhibitory nerve
cells,
called chandelier
cells, in the prefrontal cortex.
Normally when sound enters the ear, acoustic information is relayed
from the ear to the
brain via nerve
cells,
called neurons.
We are using a new technique,
called single
cell RNA sequencing, to isolate thousands of single
neurons from human
brain tissue, study all the genes that are expressed in each individual
cell, and make
cell - to -
cell comparisons between normal, early stage and late stage AD.
New work in
brain diseases like Alzheimer's suggests that
brain cells called neurons might be «catching» the sickness
from their neighbors.