Sentences with phrase «from cell surface»

With similar precision, Professor Bargmann has also identified many of the intracellular signalling pathways in C. elegans that relay information from cell surface odorant receptors (G protein - coupled receptors) to the interior of each sensory neuron.

EVs can arise from endogenous production pathways (exosomes) or bud from the cell surface (ectosomes, or microvesicles).

This landmark revelation was the first definition of an entire cellular signaling pathway from the cell surface to the nucleus, providing an important paradigm for understanding intracellular signaling.

BST - 2 is rapidly down - regulated from the cell surface by the HIV - 1 protein Vpu: evidence for a post-ER mechanism of Vpu - action.

The interferon - induced protein BST - 2 restricts HIV - 1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein.

James Darnell, George Stark, and Ian Kerr report studies demonstrating the importance of interferon to elucidate signal trafficking from the cell surface to the nucleus.

Because endosomes are the vehicles that deliver cargo essential for communication between brain cells, changing their pH alters traffic to and from the cell surface, which could affect learning and memory, Rao says.

Strong fluorescence at the periphery, or cell surface, and the filamentous projections are indicative of budding virus - like particles from the cell surface.

If we can remove sialic acid residues from the cell surface, this will force the insulin receptor do its job of absorbing blood sugar properly.

Not exact matches

In 1987 a group of French scientists had discovered a protein protruding from the surface of T cells, which they called CTLA - 4.

It will help remove dead skin cells from the surface of your skin that can clog pores and lead to blackheads and pimples.

Pain or itching sensations begin when a nerve cell on the surface of the body reacts to a stimulus, starting a chain reaction that moves from cell to cell.

The protein expressed by the gene is thought to bind to serotonin receptor molecules and ferry them to the cell surface, positioning them to receive serotonin's signals from neighboring cells.

«By the use of high magnification we show that the skin cells suffer from shrinkage and therefore change their surface.

By hindering LMPTP, the drug reawakens insulin receptors on the surface of cells — especially in the liver — which normally absorb excess sugar from the blood when they detect insulin.

The immune system depends on molecules called T cell receptors on the surface of T cells to recognize and respond to foreign antigens from virus - infected cells, tumors and other threats.

«Myeloid - derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) produce reactive nitrogen radicals that alter the receptors on the surface of the tumour to hide it from cytotoxic lymphocytes that kill tumour cells.

Now, in a new study published today, Sept. 8, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a team of researchers from the University of Wisconsin - Madison has added a new wrinkle to the cell differentiation equation, showing that the stiffness of the surfaces on which stem cells are grown can exert a profound influence on cell fate.

His team also notes that LTA's protective role seems limited to the skin's surface: in immune cells taken from deeper layers, it provoked inflammation.

Also look at the institution's broader scientific environment, because «you can benefit from help even from people that are not with the label «biomaterials,»» says Dupont - Gillain, who, as a bioengineer and physical chemist, collaborates with colleagues in surface science and cell biologists to develop biomimetic surfaces that can trigger desired cell behaviors.

This drug (vedolizumab) blocks a specific adhesion molecule on the surface of the T - cell and thereby inhibits immune cells from binding themselves to receptors present in the intestine, preventing the T - cells from penetrating the blood vessels in the intestinal tissue.

«We found that a particular vaginal bacterium, Gardnerella vaginalis, did not cause infection during exposure to the urinary tract, but it damaged the cells on the surface of the bladder and caused E. coli from a previous UTI to start multiplying, leading to another bout of disease,» said the study's senior author, Amanda Lewis, PhD, an assistant professor of molecular microbiology and of obstetrics and gynecology at Washington University.

Cell surface antigens are large molecules sticking out from a cell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmCell surface antigens are large molecules sticking out from a cell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmcell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmcell is harmless or harmful.

In research that has implications for diabetes and other metabolic diseases, an international study based at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the protein connexin 43 (Cx43) forms cell - to - cell communication channels on the surface of emerging beige fat cells that amplify the signals from those few nerve fibers.

In solution form, their solar absorber layer — the part made from the copper indium diselenide or CIGS materials and critical to the performance of the cell — can be easily painted or coated onto a surface.

Researchers are developing many different versions of CAR - T cell therapies, but the basic premise is the same: Doctors remove a patient's T cells (immune system cells that attack invaders) from a blood sample and genetically modify them to produce artificial proteins on their surfaces.

The drug blocks CTLA - 4, a protein receptor on the surface of T - cells that serves as a molecular stop sign, preventing the immune system from going into overdrive.

Researchers studied the structure of proteins from one strain of the H7N9 virus that caused the outbreak and tested how strongly one of the proteins bound to molecules on the surfaces of bird and human cells.

Pcdhαc2 is found in a cluster of genes that contain the blueprints for proteins that protrude from the surface of cells.

This research is the first to show that the accumulation and bacterial degradation of skin squames (cells that peel off from the skin surface) in air - cooling units is positively correlated to the complaints of urine - like smell in air - conditioned areas.

An animal's immune system detects foreign cells by scanning for proteins, called antigens, that stick out from the surface of each cell.

These are spots on a cell's surface membrane that catch dangerous TNF proteins and stop them from damaging cells.

Bonded to a polymer coating on the stent surface, the drug prevents cells from reproducing.

The microbes deploy FimH on the end of long, spaghettilike strands that extend from the cell body and latch onto sugar molecules on the surface of mucosal cells.

In collaboration with the group of Valerian Kagan, Ph.D., D.Sc., at the University of Pittsburgh, Gabrilovich and colleagues analyzed in great detail the events that take place in the DCs from tumor - bearing mice models and found that impaired cross-presentation, which occurred in the presence of tumor - derived factors, was associated with defective trafficking of the antigen - MHC complex to the cell surface.

Still, a few stem cell therapies have now been approved, such as a treatment available in India that takes stem cells from the patient's eye in order to regrow the surface of their cornea, and a US product based on other people's bone stem cells.

Scientists have previously identified a number of mouse smell receptors, cell - surface proteins in the animals» noses that pick up everything from the fragrance of food to the scent of fear (ScienceNOW, 21 August 2008).

The method, which detects DNA from skin cells, hair, and other cells released into the environment, has already been used to track surface organisms like invasive fish and snakes.

The end may already be nigh for the lander — after bouncing on the surface, the craft appears to have settled in the shadow of a wall of material, preventing it from receiving enough sunlight to its solar cells to function for more than a few days — but ESA counts the mission as a major success.

Soares: Well the H and the N refer to two proteins on the virus surface that help it infect cells and also spread from cell to cell once they are in the lungs, in case of birds in the gut, as well.

The key discovery made by the CSHL team is that FER is able to activate a receptor on the surface of ovarian cells «from below,» as it were — by interacting with a portion of the receptor that penetrates the cell membrane and plunges into the cytoplasm.

Nearly doubling the efficiency of a breakthrough photovoltaic cell they created last year, UCLA researchers have developed a two - layer, see - through solar film that could be placed on windows, sunroofs, smartphone displays and other surfaces to harvest energy from the sun.

Nevertheless, as Tobias says, it is still ``... a field beset with relatively few facts but many theories... The story of early hominid brains has to be read from carefully dated, well identified, fossilised calvariae, or from endocranial casts formed within them... Such materials confine the Hercule Poirot, who would read «the little grey cells» of fossil hominids, to statements about the size, shape and surface impressions... of ancient brains...» The other major limiting factor at the moment is the lack of suitable fossil skulls for such studies.

The cells, which can be processed to be transparent or in shades ranging from light green to brown, could be used to make building windows, smartphone screens, car sunroofs and other surfaces into sources of sustainable energy.

The protein sits on the surface of T cells and helps dampen the activity of the cells after an immune response, but tumors have found ways to hide from T cell attack by flipping on the PD - 1 switch themselves.

According to his unpublished findings, when he puts glioblastoma cells from patients into lab dishes with brain organoids, the cells attach to the surface of the organoids, burrow into them, and within 24 to 48 hours grow into a mass that eventually «looks exactly like what happened in the patient's own brain,» Fine said.

Thirdhand smoke — the noxious residue that clings to virtually all surfaces long after the secondhand smoke from a cigarette has cleared out — causes significant genetic damage in human cells.

A study led by researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has found for the first time that thirdhand smoke — the noxious residue that clings to virtually all surfaces long after the secondhand smoke from a cigarette has cleared out — causes significant genetic damage in human cells.

Researchers from BUSM and the University of Cyprus compared the markers on the surface of the cancer cells to gene expression profile of breast tumors deposited by researchers in international public databases and found that a molecule named IL13RA2 (IL13R alpha2) was abundant in metastatic or late - stage BLBC.

Zasloff inspected cow tongues bearing slight wounds from grazing and found, sure enough, that wherever tissue was injured, the cells on the surface of the tongue were making more peptides.