Sentences with phrase «from changes in instrumentation»

However I also understood that trends determined from raw data can suffer from changes in instrumentation and / or changes in location.

Temperature adjustments such as those resulting from change in instrumentation are, of course, necessary.

Not exact matches

In the paper1, the authors used data from weather stations around the world; those in China «were selected on the basis of station history: we chose those with few, if any, changes in instrumentation, location or observation times», they wrotIn the paper1, the authors used data from weather stations around the world; those in China «were selected on the basis of station history: we chose those with few, if any, changes in instrumentation, location or observation times», they wrotin China «were selected on the basis of station history: we chose those with few, if any, changes in instrumentation, location or observation times», they wrotin instrumentation, location or observation times», they wrote.

Those statements imply that the quoted claim from Jones et al. is impossible: «stations were selected on the basis of station history: we chose those with few, if any, changes in instrumentation, location or observation times».

... Owing to changes in instrumentation, observing environment and procedure, SSTs measured from modern ships and buoys are not consistent with those measured before the early 1940s using canvas or wooden buckets.

F. Onto the graphs downloaded on January 10 from the USHCN, I superimposed changes in instrumentation (designated by the vertical red lines) and changes in location (designated by the blue arrows).

However, early radiosonde sensors suffered from significant measurement biases, particularly for the upper troposphere, and changes in instrumentation with time often lead to artificial discontinuities in the data record... Consequently, most of the analysis of radiosonde humidity has focused on trends for altitudes below 500 hPa and is restricted to those stations and periods for which stable instrumentation and reliable moisture soundings are available.

Where the data is more ambiguous is with the long - term multidecadal trends, where such data is easily contaminated by artifacts due to changes in instrumentation over time, switches from one satellite to another, etc..

1950s: Research on military applications of radar and infrared radiation promotes advances in radiative transfer theory and measurements = > Radiation math — Studies conducted largely for military applications give accurate values of infrared absorption by gases = > CO2 greenhouse — Nuclear physicists and chemists develop Carbon - 14 analysis, useful for dating ancient climate changes = > Carbon dates, for detecting carbon from fossil fuels in the atmosphere, and for measuring the rate of ocean turnover = > CO2 greenhouse — Development of digital computers affects many fields including the calculation of radiation transfer in the atmosphere = > Radiation math, and makes it possible to model weather processes = > Models (GCMs)-- Geological studies of polar wandering help provoke Ewing - Donn model of ice ages = > Simple models — Improvements in infrared instrumentation (mainly for industrial processes) allow very precise measurements of atmospheric CO2 = > CO2 greenhouse.

Professor Muller said the warming was not the result of data bias caused by selective elimination of some weather stations from the analysis, or the practice of «homogenisation» to take into account changes in weather station positions or instrumentation.

In place of direct wind measurements, which suffer from lack of consistency of instrumentation, methodology and exposure, values based on SLP gradients have been derived which are more reliable for discerning long - term changes.