We identified species not known to be associated with thermally tolerant algal Symbiodinium symbionts
from clades D, C1 and C15, as well as those not known to be able to change or «shuffle» clades and / or types over time.
Not exact matches
In fact, their taxonomic analysis displaces it
from its alleged perch on the phylogenetic tree: «The Haarlem specimen is not a member of the Archaeopteryx
clade,» says Rauhut, a paleontologist in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at LMU who is also affiliated with the Bavarian State Collections for Paleontology and Geology in Munich.
Most of the S. aureus found in monkeys were part of a
clade, a group with common ancestors, which appeared to have resulted
from a human - to - monkey transmission event that occurred 2,700 years ago.
Between specimens, there was significant variation found within the TcI
clade — some Tc1 strains were very different, at a genetic level,
from other Tc1 strains studied.
Before early farmers started migrating
from the Middle East to Europe, European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) carried one mitotype, called
clade I, the researchers found.
Thus, the morphological similarities that led to their classification into the same
clade are not the result of descending
from a common ancestor, but reflect adaptations to related environments (convergent evolution).
The first unambiguous fossil
from the botfly family adds to the few known fossils of a major
clade of flies (Calyptratae), shedding light on their rapid radiation during the Cenozoic Era, according to a study published August 23, 2017 in the open - access journal PLOS ONE by Pierfilippo Cerrito
from Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy, and colleagues.
This evidence indicates that LB1 is not a modern human with an undiagnosed pathology or growth defect; rather, it represents a species descended
from a hominin ancestor that branched off before the origin of the
clade that includes modern humans, Neandertals, and their last common ancestor.
Pea aphids can also host another poorly understood kind of bacteria (members of the gamma proteobacteria
clade) that they get
from their mothers.
The researchers also discovered that the
clade asterid — which potatoes belong to along with tomatoes, coffee, and tobacco — likely split off
from rosids (grapes, poplar trees, geraniums, etc.) around 89 million years ago.
However, there has been much debate over when and how a human - like bipedal gait first emerged in the hominin
clade, largely because of disagreements over how to indirectly infer biomechanics
from skeletal morphologies.
A landmark genomic study, with contributors
from over two - dozen countries, shows the current problem of antibiotic resistant typhoid is driven by a single
clade, family of typhoid bacteria, called H58 that has now spread globally.
The study, «A new
clade of putative plankton - feeding sharks
from the Upper Cretaceous of Russia and the United States,» is published in the September issue of the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.
Deep sequencing of isolates taken
from a single patient carrying MRSA for the longest period revealed that although all isolates were of the same
clade, there were small genetic differences between them, suggesting bacterial diversity within a single carrier.
«A striking feature of the phylogenetic tree based on S. aureus whole genome sequencing was the presence of multiple distinct
clades,» said senior author Sharon Peacock
from the University of Cambridge and Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
Dr. Meng: Well, in the first place, I think that twist gives us an idea [of] that how much we don't know about Mesozoic mammals, because a new order means that's a major branch, a major [class]
Clade, or major group, of mammal, which is quite different
from others.
HPAI A (H5N8) viruses cluster in the same haemagglutinin (HA)
clade as A (H5N1) viruses
from Asia and A (H5N6)-- which has caused severe disease in humans in China — so the possibility of transmission
from birds to humans can not be completely ruled out.
«This is the most comprehensive examination of this
clade of medically important snakes ever undertaken, including the first examination of the venom of the enigmatic Lake Cronin snake
from Western Australia,» he said.
Although the CC97 strains
from animals were quite genetically diverse, the human isolates cluster together in two tight, distinct «
clades,» or relatedness groups, indicating that S. aureus CC97 in cattle crossed over into humans on two separate occasions.
Using mutation rates as a molecular clock, the authors determined that the ancestor of
clade A jumped
from a bovine host to humans between 1894 and 1977 and
clade B made the jump between 1938 and 1966.
It further shows that some docodontans had a diet with a substantial herbivorous component, distinctive
from the faunivorous diets previously reported in other members of this
clade.
An isolated Pan-Inia humerus
from the late Miocene Ituzaingó Formation implies that this
clade had already invaded turbid, obstructed shallow rivers and flooded forests typical of today's Amazonian freshwater ecosystems by this time, although this humerus may belong to extinct taxon more closely related to Ischyrorhynchus (Gutstein et al., 2014a).
Species numbers were derived
from Pollerspöck & Straube [15] and
clade ages refer to Straube et al. [11]; see the electronic supplementary material for details on the performed analysis.
Ecological preferences of given
clades derived
from comparative genomics.
Clade A.This selected isolate is
from an International Panel of HIV - 1 virus isolates representing six major globally prlent strains of genetically and biologically characterized HIV - 1 isolates (Brown, BK et al, J Virology 79 (10): 6089, 2005) consists o
For example,
clade D Symbiodinium are more abundant in acroporid corals
from back - reef lagoons in American Samoa, where the SSTs reach higher maximum temperatures than the fore - reef environments, where Acropora primarily hosts
clade C. ref Because they are often found in increased abundance on reefs that are exposed to environmental stressors, the presence of
clade D symbionts can be a biological indicator of negative changes in coral health.
Clade B.This selected isolate is
from an International Panel of HIV - 1 virus isolates representing six major globally prlent strains of genetically and biologically characterized HIV - 1 isolates (Brown, BK et al, J Virology 79 (10): 6089, 2005) consists o
Yet, variation across grass
clades is observed in this core morphology, which must result
from underlying diversity in the molecular mechanisms that pattern diverse inflorescence architectures.
A PCR fragment containing full - length env and rev genes was derived
from plasma virion - associated RNA
from a subject acutely infected with a
clade B virus by reverse transcription and nested PCR amplification.
A landmark genomic study, with contributors
from over two - dozen countries, shows the current problem of antibiotic resistant typhoid is driven by a single
clade, family of bacteria, called H58 that has now spread globally.
The env gene (complete gp160) of 10 viruses representative of the five primary
clades A to E1 was amplified by PCR
from viral RNA using specific primers, digested with XbaI and NotI and inserted in the same sites in the pNL - lacZ / env - Ren 2 with the resultin
Complete assembly of a dengue virus type 3 genome
from a recent genotype III
clade by metagenomic sequencing of serum
HIV - 1
clade B molecular rev / env clones derived
from patient plasma during acute HIV - 1 infection.
A PCR fragment containing full - length env and rev genes was derived
from plasma virion - associated RNA
from a subject infected with a
clade B virus by reverse transcription and nested PCR amplification procedures.
Recombinant gp140 envelope protein
from the HIV - 1
clade C / B» strain CN97001 (clone CN54); the envelope protein is of
clade C origin, accession number AF286226, terminating at ALDSWKN.
We show the utility of this framework by focusing on a
clade in the montane angiosperm genus Heuchera, noteworthy in that it experienced ancient introgression
from circumboreally distributed species of Mitella, lineages now ~ 1300 km disjunct.
This find raises another question: is this foot
from a member of the hominin
clade or does it belong to an older, more ape like lineage?
All the post-Paleozoic crinoids, namely the Articulata, are presumed to be a monophyletic
clade that originated
from the inadunate Order Cladida.
Starting with the Boule RRM consensus sequence, we used Tblastn to search the genomes of species
from major phyla representing the two
clades of Bilaterians, deuterostomes and protostomes, for Boule homologs.
Ichnological evidence suggests that dinosauromorphs originated by the Early Triassic, and skeletal remains of non-dinosaur representatives of the
clade occur
from the Anisian to the end of the Triassic.
Recently, our team released an annotated genome assembly of C. krusei via NCBI Genbank, and we are currently working with the CDC to assemble genomes and predict genes for C. auris isolates
from the other major
clades and other closely related species; we plan to share these data in the coming weeks.
There is now a clear lineage leading
from non-avian dinosaurs to birds, starting with the
clade of dinosaurs called Maniraptora («hand snatchers»).
Intriguingly, this
clade also comprised epidemiologically unrelated isolate sequences
from the UK and Denmark dating back as early as 2011.
Results: Phylogenetic analysis of 77 K. pneumoniae (48 clinical and 29 non-clinical isolates) demonstrated that the two groups were intermixed throughout the tree and in some cases resided in the same
clade, suggesting recent divergence
from a common ancestor.
This supports the hypothesis that the possibility for horizontal exchange of new adaptations between major
clades of the subspecies may have been a critical factor in the recent emergence of several clinically important STs
from diverse genomic backgrounds.
However, WGS revealed the isolates
from the two outbreaks to be distinct
clades.
also displays features consistent with filter feeding, and extends the range of this large - bodied pachycormid
clade from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous.
Regardless of different host bat species, SARS - CoV and SARSr - CoVs detected in bats
from southwestern China (Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi province) formed one
clade, in which SARSr - CoV strains showing closer relationship to SARS - CoV were all
from Yunnan.
Haplotypes in
clade A included all individuals sampled in southern California, plus some haplotypes
from northern California.
Remarkably, island fox haplotypes formed a monophyletic
clade nested within
clade B, rather than with foxes
from southern California, closest to the Channel Islands.