The time - independent linear response to these tropical anomalies is calculated for extratropical basic states taken from reanalysis climatologies and also
from the climatological states of Action de Recherche Petite Echelle Grande Echelle (ARPEGE) and Laboratoire de Mà © tà © orologie Dynamique (LMDZ) general circulation model simulations.
The gyre obtains most of its energy
from the climatological wind distribution over periods of one or two decades.
This is an indication of how much the forecast deviates
from the climatological event frequency — provided that the ensemble is reliable, increasing this deviation will increase the usefulness of the forecast.
At Think Progress, Joe Romm took these predictions
from climatological literature and projected them into the near future:
To obtain consistent changes over time, the main analysis is actually of anomalies (departures
from the climatological mean at each site) as these are more robust to changes in data availability.
The study was constructed
from climatological data of atmospheric river events from 1979 to 2014.
Not exact matches
I also used surface observations and
climatological data
from Albany International Airport and a report
from a local volunteer weather observer.
Y2K summary statements
from the NCDC and the WMO brim with other
climatological oddities and arcana.
Hydrological and
Climatological Changes in the Trondheimsfjord / Norway during the late Holocene inferred
from Benthic Stable Isotopes and Dinocyst Assemblages G. Milzer, J. Giraudeau, S. Schmidt, J. Faust, J. Knies, F. Eynaud, C. Rühlemann > Download
For the earlier generation of models, results are based on the archived output
from control runs (specifically, the first 30 years, in the case of temperature, and the first 20 years for the other fields), and for the recent generation models, results are based on the 20th - century simulations with
climatological periods selected to correspond with observations.
Dr. Keener is a Research Fellow at the East - West Center and is also the Lead Principal Investigator of the Pacific Regional Integrated Sciences & Assessments (Pacific RISA) program, and earned a PhD in Agricultural & Biological Engineering
from the University of Florida, specializing in hydro -
climatological research dealing with the effects of climate variability.
Autumn 2006 (September to November) was also exceptionally mild over many parts of Europe at more than 3 °C above the
climatological average
from north of the Alps to southern Norway.
I was looking back at some historical
Climatological Data reports for Ohio
from the NCDC archives and you can certainly see the effects of climate change.
Let's say you claim a «slowdown» in 1998: you can use the data before then to estimate what the
climatological temperature is, e.g. by linear regression
from 1970 - 1998.
Tuning to the seasonal cycle, or to the
climatological average, or to the variance of some field — which can be well characterised
from observations, is different to tuning to a transient change of over time — which is often less well known.
Straying
from that topic a bit — I tend toward fiscal conservatism myself, but I can never understand how people who deride
climatological models and favour of who - knows - what economic model which suggest that any effort to reduce emissions will cost trillions.
I'll just say,... awhile ago, I read discussions
from early 20th century Weather Bureau
climatological data summaries.
There was also a recent paper based on a
climatological constraint
from Fasullo and Trenberth (see Karen Shell's commentary for more details).
Ice cores retrieved
from shrinking glaciers around the world confirm their continuous existence for periods ranging
from hundreds of years to multiple millennia, suggesting that
climatological conditions that dominate those regions today are different
from those under which these ice fields originally accumulated and have been sustained.
Although the simulation conditions in the MMD 20th - century simulations were not identical to those in the CMIP1 & 2 control runs, the differences do not alter the conclusions summarised below because the large - scale
climatological features dominate, not the relatively small perturbations resulting
from climate change.
The normalised RMS error shown is a so - called space - time statistic, computed
from squared errors, summed over all 12
climatological months and over the entire globe, with grid cell values weighted by the corresponding grid cell area.
... current climate modeling is essentially to answer one question: how will increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (generated
from human activity) change earth's temperature and other
climatological statistics?
Surface warming / ocean warming: «A reassessment of temperature variations and trends
from global reanalyses and monthly surface
climatological datasets» «Estimating changes in global temperature since the pre-industrial period» «Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus» «Assessing the impact of satellite - based observations in sea surface temperature trends»
«Estimating changes in global temperature since the pre-industrial period» «A reassessment of temperature variations and trends
from global reanalyses and monthly surface
climatological datasets» «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «Early onset of industrial - era warming across the oceans and continents»
And how do you get
from there to predicting Texas will have big droughts in a
climatological way?
From: «A reassessment of temperature variations and trends from global reanalyses and monthly surface climatological datasets.&ra
From: «A reassessment of temperature variations and trends
from global reanalyses and monthly surface climatological datasets.&ra
from global reanalyses and monthly surface
climatological datasets.»
However, notwithstanding the «pause» papers» conclusions and the fact that global warming continues unabated, the framing of a short - term fluctuation as a problem for science departs
from long - standing stastistical and
climatological knowledge.
The idea of gaining climate inferences
from the NWS
Climatological Data network is not realistic without a careful examination of each stations exposure history Thank the fire weather people for the RAWS network with little pavement, heated buildings or night - lights in their view shed.
Knowledge
from high - resolution daily
climatological parameters is frequently sought after for increasingly local climate change assessments.
It remains unclear how much each mechanism contributes to ETC intensification, as results
from case studies are conflicting and a
climatological assessment has not yet been done.
Although July data indicated that the sea ice might be on track for a slight recovery
from 2007 (though still well below «normal»
climatological conditions), new sea ice data and weather forecasts show that total ice extent in early August declined at about twice the rate of any other time this summer.
By removing the
climatological annual cycle
from the original data, there appears the quasi-biennial oscillation in total ozone.
In his talk, he discussed how to catalogue the occurance of extreme precipitation across British Columbia, using a new comprehensive data set
from Environment Canada, in order to create a
climatological baseline.
There were some potentially very interesting books
from; University of Birmingham department of geography monthly
climatological summary Straightforward listing of each months temperatures wind etc..
Climate projections have been remarkably difficult to constrain by comparing the simulated
climatological state
from different models with observations, in particular for small ensembles with structurally different models.
Other major global land temperature reconstructions by NASA, NOAA, and the Hadley Center largely rely on the same set of monthly data
from about 7,000 stations that comprise the Global Historical
Climatological Network (GHCN - M).
Note that the definition, following
climatological tradition, is quite different
from the accepted Oxford English Dictionary definition of «An incompetent or stupid person; an **** t»
These
climatological values at each site are interpolated
from the 1981 - 2010 monthly climatology grids, using the bi-cubic polynomial interpolation technique mentioned above.
So, for example, HadCRU and GISS each provide a
climatological datum of mean global temperature for a single year and present it as a difference (i.e. an anomaly)
from the average mean global temperature of a 30 year period.
This reveals a culture in the
climatological community that is very different
from that in the hydrological community.
Within the paleo -
climatological scientific community there is widespread acceptance of millennial cycles during the Holocene because their effects are observed in most climatic proxies, and there is ample agreement over certain periodicities that come out of frequency analysis and are in phase
from multiple proxies at different locations.
This work examines evidence of a cosmic ray cloud link
from a range of sources, including satellite - based cloud measurements and long - term ground - based
climatological measurements.
All he was pointing out was that the data of the meteorological and
climatological factors arising
from an El Niño event.
It also includes a comprehensive evaluation of the predictive capabilities of normals of various lengths and frequencies of updating, an assessment of possible statistical descriptors of climate over and above traditional
climatological normals, and a discussion of uncertainties arising
from data inhomogeneities and gaps.
Other datasets used in the WMO announcement, which are derived
from monthly
climatological data for a smaller number of long - term observing sites, are also expected to concur when they are released shortly.
When it is warmer than the
climatological average (and therefore a positive temperature anomaly) in a particular location, it is generally also warmer than average over hundreds of kilometres — corresponding to the mean synoptic weather pattern — even though the actual temperature may be quite different
from location to location.
Using daily station - based precipitation records
from the United States Historical
Climatological Network for the years 1979 - 2008, it is found that there are two distinct sub-regions.
The difference in climatology
from one location to the next is accounted for in the anomaly calculation itself — since anomalies are the departure
from the mean temperature, and since the mean temperature is defined
from a standard
climatological period.
Indeed, the
climatological peak for hurricane activity in the Atlantic Ocean is September 10, as you can see in this helpful image
from the National Hurricane Center:
PS do the transient cyclones and anticyclones, aside
from steering winds, tend to drift toward the
climatological cyclones (Icelandic low, etc.) and anticyclones (Bermuda High, etc.), respectively?