When the total energy in Btu
from coal consumption by State is known (with no breakdown by coal - consuming sector), the State average emission factors can be used to estimate the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions by State.
Second are emission factors for use in estimating carbon dioxide emissions
from coal consumption by State, with consuming - sector detail.
Friedmann estimates that even so, emissions
from coal consumption are likely to be reduced by 100 to 150 million tons a year
Given the inappropriate use of the data sources, the Global Carbon Project estimation of global emissions and contribution from China, especially
from its coal consumption, may be misleading.
Not exact matches
Beijing originally aimed to bring
coal consumption to below 10 million tonnes this year, down
from around 22 million tonnes in 2013, and has already shut major
coal - fired power stations.
By 2035, the IEA estimates that world
coal consumption needs to fall by 30 percent
from current levels, while global oil usage will have to drop by 12 percent.
«We see a Chinese economy gradually shifting
from construction to
consumption, and so, we will transition,» said Mackenzie adding that «We imagine we will continue to creep our exports of steelmaking materials like metallurgical
coal and iron ore, but we're much more likely to make major investments in what we feel are the next phase of China's growth in energy and in food.»
New energy value chains can emerge
from Canada's uranium exports to India, where, like
coal, Canadian exports would be used as upstream inputs in producing energy for final
consumption in India.
In fact, much of the overall decrease in energy
consumption can be traced to the shift
from coal to gas, because modern gas - fired plants may use up to 46 percent less energy to produce the same amount of electricity.»
Even the oil sands ultimate
consumption in a gasoline, diesel or jet engine only results in 500 kilograms of CO2 - equivalent per barrel of refined petroleum products, meaning total oil sands emissions
from well to wheel are considerably lower than those of this nation's more than 500 power plants burning
coal to generate electricity.
The report showed that emissions dropped 3.4 percent
from 2012 to 2011, mostly due to a decrease in energy
consumption and fuel switching
from coal to natural gas.
Twenty percent of the energy used to stage the games came
from renewable energy sources, even though Beijing still relies on
coal for more than 40 percent of its electricity
consumption.
«The increase in domestic
coal consumption is driven by huge demand
from existing and upcoming
coal - fired power plants,» the report said.
It sees
coal as remaining dominant in the electricity generation sector: global
consumption will rise by 1.3 percent a year —
from 147 quadrillion British thermal units of energy in 2010 to 180 quadrillion Btu in 2020 to 220 quadrillion Btu in 2040.
The government agency said that the country's
coal consumption also fell by 2.9 percent, or 118 million tons, in 2014
from the 2013 level, despite a growing overall energy demand.
While the U.S. boom in shale gas helped push the fossil fuel's share of total global energy
consumption from 23.8 to 23.9 percent,
coal also increased its share,
from 29.7 to 29.9 percent, as demand for
coal - fired electricity remained strong across much of the developing world, including China and India, and parts of Europe.
«The increase basically comes
from the increase of
coal and oil
consumption,» Stephen Walker, a scientist with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, which keeps the Mauna Loa record, said.
Largely thanks to a decrease in
coal consumption in both countries, the analysis suggests that annual emissions
from the two countries combined are on track to be about 2 billion to 3 billion tons lower in the year 2030 than previous estimates have indicated.
What I'd like to know is, taking all of these factors into account, how much extra we, the consumers, will have to pay for a kilowatt - hour of
coal - fired electricity 5, 10, 20 and 30 years
from now (a point in time which even WV's own Nick Rahall says will be when the most productive
coal seams have been mined out) because our leaders today decided to facilitate an increase in the
consumption of
coal through the laughably mis - named «climate bill.»
This is evident by the decline in bituminous
coal being burned in the U.S. for electricity and the increasing share of
coal production and
consumption coming
from the lower btu sub-bituminous and lignite
coal.
The two primary sources of mercury exposure are dental amalgams (mercury - based fillings) and seafood
consumption, followed by thimerosal - containing vaccines and mercury pollution
from coal - burning power plants.
The shale gas in recent exploration in the United States, that could meet the domestic demand of the country for natural gas at current levels of
consumption for over 100 years, is extremely negative for the environment because it generates half the carbon emissions
from coal, and pollutes the sheets underground aquifers.
When we look at the record,
coal consumption rose exponentially
from about 1850 to the beginning of the great depression when it took a significant drop, but then rose rapidly during the war years falling off again after the war, but then about 1950 it began to sharply rise again.
However, peak oil means a double whammy — it reducec GHG emissions
from oil, however, there is the danger, that we switch to
coal - to - liquids, gas - to - liquids, tar sands and oil shales, just because increases in energy efficiency, solar and wind output are not enough to counter population increase, decrease in oil availability, and increase in total energy
consumption...
In contrast, our annual electric
consumption (electric output, not fuel or heat input)
from coal and nuclear is around 10 quads / year.
Although the growth rate of
coal slows
from the breakneck pace of the last decade, global
coal consumption by 2017 stands at 4.32 billion tonnes of oil equivalent (btoe), versus around 4.40 btoe for oil, based on IEA medium - term projections.
As for now, as deforestation continues, pollution of the air, the land, and the waters continues, the
consumption of oil, gas, and
coal is the order of the day, and the poor masses of this world are suffering
from stresses of food and water scarcity, political conflict and bloody war, well, it is not easy to believe that our musicians are going to start singing any songs of true enlightenment, as concerns both the social and natural environments of ours.
Just been looking up the sources for commercial CO2 and here is a short exerpt
from google: «The most common operations
from which commercially - produced carbon dioxide is recovered are industrial plants which produce hydrogen or ammonia
from natural gas,
coal, or other hydrocarbon feedstock, and large - volume fermentation operations in which plant products are made into ethanol for human
consumption, automotive fuel or industrial use.
But He said that would depend on China achieving a real reduction in
coal consumption from sometime around 2020 or 2025, and on the nation meeting its target of having 150 - 200 gigawatts of nuclear power capacity by 2030.
The future for natural gas is more certain: its share in the energy mix rises and gas use almost catches up with
coal consumption, underscoring key findings
from a recent WEO Special Report which examined whether the world is entering a «Golden Age of Gas».
Coal also went
from providing 66 % of China's energy
consumption in 2014 to 64 % in 2014 — at the same time as energy
consumption rose overall by almost 1 %.
The CO2 Scorecard report, by contrast, examined changes in electricity at the regional level using data
from grid operators, which showed researchers greater detail about where natural gas had replaced
coal or renewables; where renewables replaced
coal; and where electricity
consumption simply declined because of reduced demand.
There was some bad news for Drax recently as the UK government decided that biomass subsidies would not keep climbing as the «carbon price floor» — levied on fossil fuel production (and due to rise further)-- on electricity
consumption has caused a backlash
from manufacturers, consumer groups and energy suppliers who are concerned that the «tax will push up prices, make the UK uncompetitive and force the premature closure of
coal - fired power plants, increasing the risk of blackouts.»
So we shall soon see what the real climate sensitivity is, as the resultant CO2 levels of production
from those who have NO INTENTION of slowing down their
coal and oil
consumption, continue to ramp up their use of fossil fuels.
Domestic
coal consumption during the fourth quarter of 2011 decreased by 18.8 %
from the third quarter of 2011 to 227.1 million short tons, which was the lowest level since the second quarter of 1995.
From Dept of Energy, Innovation and Science (2017)(energy - update - report - 2017): Australia's domestic
consumption of
coal and gas has risen only slightly over the last 40 years.
This paper points out that global
coal consumption (primarily
from China) has increased significantly, although the dataset referred to shows an increase only since 2004 - 2007 (the period 1985 - 2003 was pretty stable).
Between 2007 and 2016,
coal production and
consumption both fell by more than a third, and mining jobs fell
from 125,000 to 75,000.
Global
coal consumption, which is measured in in tonnes of
coal equivalent — the industry standard to reflect energy content rather than physical weight — will reach 6.2 billion tonnes in 2017, up
from 5.3 billion in 2011.
In one scenario painted by the Deutsche Bank team led by chief economist Jun Ma, China's imports of thermal
coal would cease by 2017, nearly a decade earlier than most forecasts, and
coal consumption would fall
from 68 per cent of total energy
consumption to 32 per cent by 2030.
For example, while a carbon tax would likely reduce
consumption of oil, gas, and
coal (and make polluters internalize the costs of the damage they cause), it doesn't tackle many of the other greenhouse gas emissions out there, like methane
from livestock and landfills, or deforestation in the tropics.
Through July 2015, over 80 percent of domestic energy
consumption came
from natural gas, oil, and
coal.
Globally, perhaps 50 to 100 billion tons more
coal may be used (about 20 to 40 years of current
consumption) before
coal largely disappears
from the market (Ausubel et al., 1988).
From Dept of Energy, Innovation and Science (2017)(https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/f02a388d-74eb-4200-96fb-fe2a9d0caf5b/files/energy-update-report-2017.pdf): Australia's domestic
consumption of
coal and gas has risen only slightly over the last 40 years.
A scenario of significantly reduced
coal consumption was assumed for a 30 - year period
from 2020 - 2050 as the basis to limit future fly ash availability.
EIA projects the electricity share of India's total commercial energy
consumption to continue increasing,
from 59 % in 2015 to 65 % in 2040, displacing some
coal consumption.
About one - quarter of the total emissions are related to fossil fuel extraction (CH4 emissions
from coal mines, CH4 venting
from oil extraction), transport and distribution (e.g., leakage
from pipelines), and
consumption (incomplete combustion).
There are environmental impacts to air and water
from coal production to
coal consumption.
The share of
coal consumption has shifted
from Europe and the Former Soviet Union to Asia.
From 1996 to 2016, world oil
consumption rose 31 percent, natural gas use rose 59 percent, and
coal consumption climbed 62 percent.