Her work, which is moving
from efficacy trials into community settings, is at the cutting edge of Type II translational research.
It is estimated that half of the 3.5 million unintended pregnancies that occur each year in the United States could be averted if emergency contraception (EC) were easily accessible and used.1 This figure has been extrapolated
from efficacy trials that demonstrate that the risk of pregnancy after a single act of unprotected intercourse is reduced by 75 % with use of combined EC (the «Yuzpe» regimen).2
Not exact matches
In particular, the complaint alleges that throughout the Class Period, defendants made materially false and / or misleading statements and / or failed to disclose that (1) the
trials for GED - 0301 suffered
from fatal design defects, such that GED - 0301 had failed to demonstrate meaningful clinical
efficacy; (2) the growth of Otezla sales had dramatically slowed during Celgene's third fiscal quarter of 2017; and (3) the clinical and nonclinical pharmacology data in Celgene's new drug application («NDA») for Ozanimod were insufficient to permit a complete review by the FDA, which resulted in the FDA issuing a refusal to file letter to Celgene regarding the NDA.
These risks and uncertainties include, among others: the unfavorable outcome of litigation, including so - called «Paragraph IV» litigation and other patent litigation, related to any of our products or products using our proprietary technologies, which may lead to competition
from generic drug manufacturers; data
from clinical
trials may be interpreted by the FDA in different ways than we interpret it; the FDA may not agree with our regulatory approval strategies or components of our filings for our products, including our clinical
trial designs, conduct and methodologies and, for ALKS 5461, evidence of
efficacy and adequacy of bridging to buprenorphine; clinical development activities may not be completed on time or at all; the results of our clinical development activities may not be positive, or predictive of real - world results or of results in subsequent clinical
trials; regulatory submissions may not occur or be submitted in a timely manner; the company and its licensees may not be able to continue to successfully commercialize their products; there may be a reduction in payment rate or reimbursement for the company's products or an increase in the company's financial obligations to governmental payers; the FDA or regulatory authorities outside the U.S. may make adverse decisions regarding the company's products; the company's products may prove difficult to manufacture, be precluded
from commercialization by the proprietary rights of third parties, or have unintended side effects, adverse reactions or incidents of misuse; and those risks and uncertainties described under the heading «Risk Factors» in the company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10 - K and in subsequent filings made by the company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission («SEC»), which are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially
from those anticipated in the forward - looking statements due to these risks and uncertainties as well as other factors, which include, without limitation: the uncertain timing of, and risks relating to, the executive search process; risks related to the potential failure of eptinezumab to demonstrate safety and
efficacy in clinical testing; Alder's ability to conduct clinical
trials and studies of eptinezumab sufficient to achieve a positive completion; the availability of data at the expected times; the clinical, therapeutic and commercial value of eptinezumab; risks and uncertainties related to regulatory application, review and approval processes and Alder's compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements; risks and uncertainties relating to the manufacture of eptinezumab; Alder's ability to obtain and protect intellectual property rights, and operate without infringing on the intellectual property rights of others; the uncertain timing and level of expenses associated with Alder's development and commercialization activities; the sufficiency of Alder's capital and other resources; market competition; changes in economic and business conditions; and other factors discussed under the caption «Risk Factors» in Alder's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 26, 2018, and is available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results
from clinical
trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical
trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and
efficacy data
from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified
from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
In a March 16 research note, Andrew Fein, an analyst at H.C. Wainwright & Co., reported that OvaScience (OVAS: NASDAQ) shifted its focus back to research and development, after interim data
from the first 20 patients in its Phase 1
trial of OvaPrime showed no signs of
efficacy despite indicating safety and tolerability.
But oliceridine's value proposition actually depends on how well it stacks up against morphine
from both a safety and
efficacy standpoint, which is the secondary endpoint in each
trial.
The aim of this
trial is to evaluate the safety and
efficacy of continuous KMC initiated immediately after birth compared to the current recommendation of initiating continuous KMC after stabilization, in improving survival of neonates with birth weight
from 1.0 to < 1.8 kg.
Although professional lactation support can improve the duration of overall breast feeding, its effect in improving exclusive breast feeding is unclear.11 18 22 Thus far, studies that report improvement of rates of exclusive breastfeeding have involved mainly community based peer counselling strategies.23 24 25 Even then, a randomised
trial in the UK recently cast doubt on the
efficacy of this approach.26 There are current recommendations
from NICE for the UK - wide implementation of the baby friendly initiative.4 5 6 The 2006 NICE costing report on routine postnatal care of women and their babies estimates that efforts to improve rates of breast feeding will result in substantial cost savings for the NHS.6
Thomas Smith, who studies the epidemiology of malaria at the Swiss Tropical Institute in Basel, says it may be premature to say exactly what the
efficacy is based on this early data
from the
trial, which is still ongoing.
Stitziel and his colleagues pointed out that this question will be addressed later this month with the reporting of results
from a large clinical
trial called IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE -
trial called IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin
Efficacy International
Trial (IMPROVE -
Trial (IMPROVE - IT).
The researchers hope that ultimately human
trials will prove the
efficacy of the OH14 compound in sensitising tumour cells and cancer stem cells to existing drug - based therapies thus disabling tumours
from seeding new growth after treatment.
Respondents in this year's survey pointed to five main causes of the field's less than favorable reputation: drug and product recalls such as the withdrawal of Avandia; safety issues such as the discovery of problems with raw material
from China used in medical products; scandals, including evidence that pharmaceutical companies have failed to release data
from trials whose results cast doubts on their drugs» safety and
efficacy; lawsuits brought against companies that failed to warn patients of problems with their products; and ethical issues such as kickbacks for physicians promoting specific medications.
The documentation ranges across the whole spectrum of drug development: Investigators» brochures provide information on all that is currently known about the medicine and so need periodic updating; accurate and concise protocols are required to ensure that
trials are performed effectively; clinical
trial reports (generally
from phase II and III studies) present the information gathered
from the
trials; higher level documents provide summaries of
efficacy and safety data
from clinical
trial programmes; expert reports provide critical interpretation of the results; and response documents clarify any points that are not clear to the regulatory agencies or provide additional analyses or supporting data for any items of concern.
[NIAID Director Anthony] Fauci says $ 56 million of the total would go toward a larger
efficacy trial in Liberia, which would include both the NIAID / GSK [GlaxoSmithKline] vaccine and another made by NewLink Genetics of Ames, Iowa (pending more data
from ongoing safety
trials).»
The ADvance
Trial, using a device
from Functional Neuromodulation, Inc., is aimed at evaluating the safety,
efficacy and tolerability of DBS in this patient population.
In order to examine the «placebo breaking the blind» theory, a research group at the Sahlgrenska Academy in Gothenburg, Sweden, has now analyzed data
from the clinical
trials that were once undertaken to establish the antidepressant
efficacy of two of the most commonly used SSRIs, paroxetine and citalopram.
The data obtained
from this study provide a basis for more rapid, cost - effective clinical
trials to evaluate new influenza drugs or to determine the
efficacy of candidate vaccines for both seasonal and pandemic influenza.
Results
from the RV144
trial, reported in 2009, provided the first signal of HIV vaccine
efficacy: a 31 percent reduction in HIV infection among vaccinees.
Results
from recent clinical
trials and studies in animals suggest that a class of anti-cancer drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors may be able to temporarily reduce interstitial pressure and improve the
efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation treatments.
A pooled analysis of data
from two randomised
trials comparing vitamin E versus placebo, and the placebo group
from another
trial comparing vitamin E use versus non-use, demonstrates that the
efficacy of vitamin E is comparable to other treatments for NASH, including pioglitazone, metformin and obeticholic acid.
A total of 347 patients (155 treated with vitamin E, 192 not treated with vitamin E) were included in the analysis which compared data
from three clinical
trials that investigated the
efficacy and safety of vitamin E as a treatment for NASH: the PIVENS, TONIC and FLINT
trials.
The standard pharmaceutical development path for products that target pathogens moves slowly
from studying safety, dosing, and biological responses in hundreds of people to an expensive
efficacy trial with thousands of participants at high risk of becoming naturally infected.
In a few weeks, meeting participants learned, enough data may be available
from small phase I
trials of a vaccine jointly made by the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) that began in September to launch
efficacy studies.
The clinical
trial by Lee M. Ritterband, Ph.D., of the University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, evaluated the
efficacy of the intervention
from nine weeks to one year and included 303 adults.
«The first year results
from the CoreValve US Pivotal
Trial support the safety and
efficacy of this therapy in patients unsuitable for surgical aortic valve replacement,» said lead investigator Steven Yakubov, MD..
«We are exploring alternative directions for developing this compound, including potential use of the animal
efficacy rule,» Cihlar said, referring to a regulatory mechanism under which the U.S. Food and Drug Administration may consider
efficacy findings
from adequate and well - controlled animal studies of a drug in cases where it is not feasible or ethical to conduct human
trials.
Adam R. Glassman, M.S., of the Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Fla., and colleagues examined the incremental cost - effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab for the treatment of DME with an analysis of
efficacy, safety, and resource utilization data at 1 - year follow - up
from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research (DRCR) Network Comparative Effectiveness
Trial.
If their phase I clinical
trial to test the safety and preliminary
efficacy of this therapy gains approval, University of Pittsburgh researchers will test the therapy on 10 patients who suffer
from chronic ischemic stroke — the most common form, in which clots block blood flow.
In order to examine the «placebo breaking the blind» theory, a research group at the Sahlgrenska Academy, has now analyzed data
from the clinical
trials that were once undertaken to establish the antidepressant
efficacy of two of the most commonly used SSRIs, paroxetine and citalopram.
White MT, Verity R, Griffin JT, et al.White MT, Verity R, Griffin JT, Asante KP, Owusu - Agyei S, Greenwood B, Drakeley C, Gesase S, Lusingu J, Ansong D, Adjei S, Agbenyega T, Ogutu B, Otieno L, Otieno W, Agnandji ST, Lell B, Kremsner P, Hoffman I, Martinson F, Kamthunzu P, Tinto H, Valea I, Sorgho H, Oneko M, Otieno K, Hamel MJ, Salim N, Mtoro A, Abdulla S, Aide P, Sacarlal J, Aponte JJ, Njuguna P, Marsh K, Bejon P, Riley EM, Ghani AC close, 2015, Immunogenicity of the RTS, S / AS01 malaria vaccine and implications for duration of vaccine
efficacy: secondary analysis of data
from a phase 3 randomised controlled
trial, Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1473 - 3099, Pages: 1450 - 1458
A Houston Methodist team led by Mauro Ferrari, PhD and Jenny Chang, MD has received funding
from the U.S. Department of Defense to complete preclinical
efficacy studies and a future clinical
trial testing a breast cancer precision drug.
The HVTN is an international collaboration that conducts all phases of clinical
trials,
from evaluating experimental vaccines for safety and the ability to stimulate immune responses, to testing vaccine
efficacy.
At the International Society for Stem Cell Research 2017 Annual Meeting (June 14 - 17, 2017; Boston, USA), Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc (CA, USA) will present new 9 - month
efficacy and safety data
from their ongoing SCiStar Phase I / IIa
trial of human embryonic stem cell - derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc will present new 9 - month
efficacy and safety data
from their ongoing Phase I / IIa
trial for OPC - 1 in a workshop and poster presentation.
As AMA1 malaria vaccines are evaluated in
efficacy trials, the impact of genetic diversity of parasite antigens on vaccine
efficacy is likely to emerge as a critical problem requiring integration of methods and concepts drawn
from molecular epidemiology, molecular evolution, immunology and structural vaccinology [9], [13].
«Human neurons — derived
from reengineered skin cells — could help assess the
efficacy and safety of these drugs, thereby reducing risks and resources associated with human
trials.»
Correlates of Protection against Influenza in the Elderly: Results
from an Influenza Vaccine
Efficacy Trial.
Paris, France, April 3, 2018, 5.35 pm CET — GenSight Biologics (Euronext: SIGHT, ISIN: FR0013183985, PEA - PME eligible), a biopharma company focused on discovering and developing innovative gene therapies for retinal neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system disorders, today announced topline results
from the REVERSE Phase III clinical
trial evaluating the safety and
efficacy of a single intravitreal injection of GS010 (rAAV2 / 2 - ND 4) in 37 subjects whose visual loss due to 11778 - ND4 Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) commenced between 6 and 12 months prior to study treatment.
The drug was approved based on
efficacy and safety results
from a phase III
trial presented earlier this year at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting.
Given that drugs derived
from JQ1 are already being tested in cancer clinical
trials, their safety and
efficacy in humans are already being defined.
Sanjay Gurunathan
from Sanofi Pasteur, manufacturer of one of the vaccines used in RV144, said a new partnership of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, HIV Vaccine
Trials Network, US Military HIV Research Program (MHRP), and Sanofi Pasteur — known as the Pox Protein Public Private Partnership, or P5 — will aim to increase vaccine
efficacy from the 31.2 percent of the RV144
trial to 50 percent.
His studies, ranging
from molecular experiments to clinical
trials, have generated comprehensive evidence for the
efficacy of omega - 3 in preventing cardiac sudden death and established the mechanism by which omega - 3 fatty acids can reduce cardiac arrhythmia by interacting with membrane ion channels and stabilizing the electrical activity of heart cells.
A team of researchers
from the University of Wisconsin — Madison School of Medicine and Public Health conducted a randomized controlled
trial in 2010 to test the
efficacy of this common cold treatment.
Stress resistance has not been assessed however and so the biological relevance of this finding is currently unknown.32 Several IER
trials (75 - 85 % ER on restricted days) in overweight / obese populations have reported reductions in various markers of oxidative stress 37, 41, which in one study was accompanied by a complementary increase in the anti-oxidant uric acid.37 In a direct comparison of IER (75 % ER for two days / week) and CER, both ER strategies displayed equal
efficacy in reducing levels of fast - acting advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) after six months, which displayed a tendency to occur earlier (i.e. at three months) in the IER group.41 Levels of slow - acting (i.e. long term) AOPP tended to decrease in the IER group and increase in the CER group which the authors proposed may have resulted
from IER - induced activation of autophagy, a key homeostatic cellular process in which dysfunctional or unnecessary cellular proteins are degraded and recycled.41 On the other hand, a follow - up study using similar IER / CER protocols demonstrated comparable reductions in AOPP in both groups after three months.48 Summary and Future Research Directions
«It is possible that the high fat content of a low - carbohydrate diet exerts detrimental effects on endothelial function, which raises concerns regarding the long - term safety and
efficacy of low - carbohydrate diets... Currently, supported by evidence
from long - term
trials, we believe that a low - fat diet should remain the preferred diet for diabetes prevention.»
Here's a little insight
from the medical profession on COX: «The increase of evidence implicating COX - 2 in cancer has stimulated clinical
trials to investigate the
efficacy of selective COX - 2 inhibitors in individuals at risk for human cancer.
[124] Future demonstration of
efficacy from use of dietary supplements requires high - quality clinical research using rigorously - qualified products and compliance with established guidelines for reporting of clinical
trial results (e.g., CONSORT guidelines).
Efficacy studies summarize findings
from quasi-experimental and randomized controlled
trials to provide statistical evidence of the effectiveness of Apex Learning.