Sentences with phrase «from gene activity»

Stories on what we can learn from gene activity after death, and whether the sugar industry really influenced U.S. nutrition policy

Not exact matches

Many thoughtful citizens, including eminent scientists, oppose the deciphering and altering of the human gene structure, and are appalled by the proposed commercial uses of knowledge gained from such activities.

Genes related to the serotonin transporter, cardiac channelopathies, and the development of the autonomic nervous system are the subject of current investigation.44 The serotonin transporter recovers serotonin from the extracellular space and largely serves to regulate overall serotonin neuronal activity.

Chemical modifications to DNA that change the activity of genes without changing the genes» information differ between homosexual and heterosexual men, researchers from UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine have discovered.

The brainlike structures created from cells taken from autistic children showed increased activity in genes that control brain - cell growth and development.

By comparing the data from the different groups, the researchers identified which genes show differences in their activity.

Julius's team compared gene activity in different types of nerve cell from diamondback rattlesnakes, which all have shallow pits on their faces that detect heat.

The team found that humans are equipped with tiny differences in a particular regulator of gene activity, dubbed HARE5, that when introduced into a mouse embryo, led to a 12 % bigger brain than in the embryos treated with the HARE5 sequence from chimpanzees.

They identified microbial genes and their activity with help from DOE's Joint Genome Institute in Walnut Creek CA.

Prof. Khatri says the work still needs to be validated in a prospective trial, where the activity of these genes will be tested on samples from patients with suspected but undiagnosed malaria.

The discovery came from analysing how gene activity changes through the year using blood samples from more than 16,000 people.

One gene, called ZNF659, showed over-methylation in people with schizophrenia and under - methylation in those who were bipolar, suggesting that the conditions might result from opposing gene activity (Human Molecular Genetics, DOI: 10.1093 / hmg / ddr416).

And he saw differences in gene activity in lizards from those two places.

Supporting that idea, the programmed gene activity that builds teeth differs from the instructions that build a jaw, even though both types of structure grow in tandem.

Each Pm3 allele in the four new lines displayed the same activity as in the parental line, which results in increased overall activity, since it came from two different gene variations.

Further investigation, says Resar, showed that these unusual properties arise from the ability of HMGA1 to turn on several genes involved in the Wnt pathway, a network of proteins necessary for embryonic development and stem cell activity.

Far from being junk, it's where molecular switches that help control gene activity are located.

The investigators confirmed the activity of genes at the newly identified loci by probing discarded corneal tissue from deceased individuals with and without Fuchs.

The scientists found that both the activity of the genes, as well as the production of the cholera toxin itself were increased when the bacterium was fed with glucose, but they were considerably decreased when it was fed with starch from rice.

Gene activity can't be efficiently measured directly, but can be inferred by monitoring RNA, the molecules that carry information from the genes for producing proteins and other cellular activities.

With an entire plant genome to work from, biologists can now probe the genes responsible for such basic plant activities as budding, blooming, sleeping and seeding.

«The movement of genes within the nucleus, captured here using live imaging, seems to play a role in switching their activity on and off,» said first author Dr Stefanie Rosa from the John Innes Centre.

They found that more than half of the 7,000 genes expressed in the liver vary in activity from one layer to another, a number that is about ten times greater than previous estimates.

A study of gene activity in the brains of people who suffered from depression reveals that their daily clocks were probably out of whack.

The researchers engineered a strain in which a Synechococcus gene normally turned on during photosynthesis signals its activity by switching on the gene for luciferase, an enzyme from another bacterium that drives a light - emitting chemical reaction.

The team also recently obtained a grant from the National Medical Research Council in Singapore to pursue a study using the probe to examine the relationship between key Parkinson's disease - linked genes and MAO - B expression and activity to further understand the causes of the disease and illuminate the role of MAO - B in this.

«For the first time, we can provide a complete description of an animal model from genes to behavior — including at the level of neuronal network activity, which has been ignored in most studies to date.»

For more than a decade, the husband - and - wife team has been investigating how a large protein complex called SAGA, which helps control gene activity in organisms from yeast to humans, influences developmental processes.

Researchers from Turku, Finland, have discovered new information about the mechanisms which maintain gene activity in human embryonic stem cells.

Rewiring gene activity in humans happened, in part, when transposons inserted themselves into the genomes of human ancestors after the split from chimpanzees, he reported last year in Genome Biology and Evolution.

«Clock genes» control our circadian rhythms, and the easiest place to extract evidence of their activity is from hair follicles, according to researchers at Japan's Yamaguchi University.

Using bioinformatics tools to identify and map out specific components and regulatory interconnections, the study team found highly dynamic activities during CD8 + T cell responses: a distinct repertoire of super enhancers — groups of enhancers that interact with promoters to drive gene transcription, new groups of enhancers that jump into activity only in the memory cell stage, and extensive re-wiring of regulatory circuits from one cell stage to another.

They play a key part in regulating the activity of genes in many species, from yeast to humans Fewer than 10 years ago no one knew they existed

The alteration of gene activity, called epigenetics, might result from modification of RNA molecules that interact with genes; a modification of the packaging that carries DNA; molecular switches attached directly to the DNA itself; or even something to do with the cell's power - stations, the mitochondria, Baugh said.

Signals from gut bacteria can change the amount of crotonylation in the gut and so influence gene activity.

Woo inserted the gene for mouse PAH into liver cells isolated from these mice and found that this fully restored enzymic activity to the cells.

The fact that the researchers made their iPS cells from cells that matured in the lab from ES cells, instead of from the cells of a patient or donor, means that they still might carry traces of the ES cells» gene activity patterns.

When the researchers measured gene activity, they found that the iPS cells were more similar to the ES cells they descended from than to each other, suggesting that the source of the cells explains many of the disparities researchers had noted between the two stem cell types.

IN THE BEGINNING Early embryos (a four - cell embryo shown) from mice and humans look the same on the outside, but gene activity studies show some big differences under the hood.

«So, the flexibility of yeast cells does not arise from the activity or inactivity of a single gene,» project head at ISB, Dr. Aimée Dudley, explains.

A third study, from the 1,000 Genomes Projects Consortium, showed that in the average person, up to 400 of these ultrarare mutations are likely to disrupt gene activity.

The researchers now intend to find out what molecular mechanisms result from the activity of a gene transcribed from multiplied chromosomes.

«When we compared the gene signature activity of glioblastoma cells from around 60 patients we found that a large number of patients could be divided into subgroups that showed a correlation between gene activity, tumor cell characteristics and cell of origin similar to the one we had seen in the mouse study.

To explore these issues, the authors isolated both types of cells from the lungs of heavy smokers and compared the activity of their genes, their rates of cell division, and their ability to repair their DNA in response to damage.

We can tell from its structure that the gene helps regulate the activity of other genes.

Whereas liver and blood gene activity patterns showed the expected differences among the three groupswith human transcription looking similar to that of the chimp, and different from that of the more evolutionarily distant macaquegene activity in the brain revealed stark differences between humans and chimps.

This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of the changes in gene activity and modifications to the DNA that occur as cells are reprogrammed from one state to another.

These could be used to build superconducting power lines, or even extremely strong magnets, which Balicas says could «open frontiers» in magnetic scanning of everything from gene structure to brain activity.

Which parent a chromosome comes from is important because the activity of some genes varies depending on whether the genes are on a chromosome inherited from the mother or from the father.

The group took the first step toward their goal of a novel engineering strategy for yeast by creating what is known as a cDNA library: a collection of over 90 % of the genes from the genome of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), arranged within a custom segment of DNA so that each gene will be, in one version, overactive within a yeast cell, and in a second version, reduced in activity.