Sentences with phrase «from large volcanic eruptions»

Other factors that could adversely impact the correlation between the sun and temperature include time lags in the transposition of a climate impulse, or cooling events through sun - blocking aerosols from large volcanic eruptions.

Almost equal contribution from human forcings, natural forcings (mainly recovery from large volcanic eruptions from 1883 to 1912), oceanic cycles, and uncorrected SST measurement errors for this period.

Acid in the atmosphere can come from large volcanic eruptions and human - made emissions from industry.

Sulphate aerosols from a large volcanic eruption can do so, such as Pinatubo in 1991 - 93.

So the fine particles put high in the atmosphere of earth from a large volcanic eruption, cool the earth.

It takes a couple of years for most of the aerosols from a large volcanic eruption to settle out of the air, so their cooling effect likewise lasts a couple of years.

Not exact matches

Th experiment suggests that enhanced UV - B at the end of the Permian, caused by ozone depletion from volcanic eruptions, could have contributed to Earth's largest mass extinction.

«In any case, the results of our model study give a clear indication that the bipolar variability of sulfate deposits must be taken into consideration if the traces of large volcanic eruptions are to be deduced from ice cores,» says Dr. Krüger, «Several research groups that deal with this issue have already contacted us to verify their data through our model results.»

The drill's filters, which clean water being pumped out of the borehole, became clogged with black dust — «volcanic ashes from some past large volcanic eruption,» speculated Slawek Tulaczyk, a glaciologist from the University of California, Santa Cruz, who has studied this region for two decades and co-leads the drilling project.

In addition to being able to measure the pH value more accurately using the new method, the CFA system can also distinguish whether the emissions come from volcanic eruptions, large forest fires or industry.

That is the headline finding of an international team, led by geochemists from Trinity College Dublin, who discovered that large impacts can be followed by intense, long - lived, and explosive volcanic eruptions.

Here we are not dealing with large volcanic eruptions of the size of Pinatubo of Mount St. Helens, here we are talking about extreme events: The Toba caldera in the Sumatra subduction zone in Indonesia originated from one of the largest volcanic eruption in recent Earth history, about 74,000 years ago.

Using an interdisciplinary approach that combined evidence from climate modelling of large 20th - century eruptions, annual measurements of Nile summer flood heights from the Islamic Nilometer — the longest - known human record of environmental variability — between 622 and 1902, as well as descriptions of Nile flood quality in ancient papyri and inscriptions from the Ptolemaic era, the authors show how large volcanic eruptions impacted on Nile river flow, reducing the height of the agriculturally - critical summer flood.

In a new study, an international team of scientists claim that the most powerful volcanic eruptions, dubbed «super-eruptions», are triggered by a slow and steady drip feed of magma from large reservoirs deep within Earth's crust into smaller reservoirs closer to the surface.

There have been large volcanic eruptions that have contributed to short - term cooling of Earth from the SO2 that reaches the stratosphere, which is what happened following the Philippines Mount Pinatubo eruption in June 1991.

Two years earlier, the ash from an unusually large number of major volcanic eruptions reflected so much sunlight that 1816 became known as the year without a summer.

«The researchers also calculated the likely effect of remediation on the ozone layer, but found that ozone depletion would be short - lived and similar to that resulting from natural processes such as large solar storms and volcanic eruptions.»

Barnhart said the changes from dry to wet periods might have had to do with periods of greenhouse - gas outgassing associated with volcanic eruptions, large impacts, or a change in the tilt of Mars» rotation, though all that remains to be studied further.

«We found this turtle right on top of the last flood basalts — a large stretch of lava from a series of giant volcanic eruptions,» says Tarduno.

Perhaps in the future a large volcanic eruption (VEI 5 - 6 or greater) may cause 1 - 2 °C swings in global temperatures as they rise further as we go from enhanced greenhouse effect to enhanced reductions in insolation from thicker sulfuric acid vails.

In Earth's past the trigger for these greenhouse gas emissions was often unusually massive volcanic eruptions known as «Large Igneous Provinces,» with knock - on effects that included huge releases of CO2 and methane from organic - rich sediments.

Some are of course external — large volcanic eruptions block incoming solar radiation from reaching and being absorved by Earth's surface.

In 1912 there was a massive volcanic explosion from Novarupta area of Mount Katmai that is considered to be the largest eruption of the 20th Century.

Read about the fear and awe local residents felt as the skies darkened and ash rained from the sky in Witness: First Hand Accounts of the Largest Volcanic Eruption of the 20th Century.

The large, volcanic eruptions from these types of volcanoes are catastrophic to human life.

Barring any large volcanic eruption, I don't see any reason for the decadal trends to depart much from the anticipated ~ 0.2 ºC / decade.

The natural variations contain a large random component, depending on the specific variation — for example, a huge volcanic eruption six months from now would require new short - term climate predictions (but the long - term forecast would remain unchanged).

«The researchers also calculated the likely effect of remediation on the ozone layer, but found that ozone depletion would be short - lived and similar to that resulting from natural processes such as large solar storms and volcanic eruptions.»

Technologies that prevent sunlight from reaching Earth's surface could reduce average global temperatures within a few years, similar to the effects of large volcanic eruptions.

This was a time of the greatest volcanic activity in Earth's history and we know today that the largest source of mercury comes from volcanic eruptions.

If you look at the average global response to large volcanic eruptions, from Krakatoa to Pinatubo, you would see that the global temperature decreased by only about 0.1 °C while the hypersensitive climate models give 0.3 to 0.5 °C, not seen in reality.

Apologies its was the wrong quote its this one from Abstract of paper above «Volcanic eruption Mass extinction Tipping pointMethane Large volumes of SO2 erupted frequently appear to overdrive the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere resulting in very rapid warming.

They range from mimicking the effects of large volcanic eruptions by releasing sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere, to deploying giant mirrors in space to deflect the sun's rays.

Lesson 1 - Plate Tectonics Lesson 2 - Mid-Ocean Ridges Lesson 3 - Deep - Sea Corals Lesson 4 - Subduction Zones Lesson 5 - Chemosynthesis and Hydrothermal Vent Life Lesson 6 - Deep - Sea Benthos Lesson 7 - Water Cycle Lesson 8 - Ocean Currents Lesson 9 - Ocean Waves Lesson 10 - Tides Lesson 11 - Energy from the Oceans Lesson 12 - Food, Water, and Medicine from the Sea Lesson 13 - Hurricanes Lesson 14 - Seamounts An average of 2,000 strong earthquakes and large volcanic eruptions occur every year all around the world.

The total forcing Q is known through observation to take large drops after volcanic eruptions (from the volcanic aerosols reflecting away the sunlight), with similarly large and fast recoveries.