As in a 2004 study that found 9 «ancient breeds» to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent
from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog.
They are distinctive
from the modern breeds because the genetic heritage of the modern breeds has become blurred due to admixture, and the basal breeds have mostly avoided admixture with them due to geographic or cultural barriers.
Not exact matches
Selective
breeding has made the spines disappear
from modern eggplants.
Because of the widespread alienation of people
from the resources of their unconscious,
modern society
breeds psychological problems as a swamp
breeds mosquitos.
Nearly all
modern fruits, vegetables, meats and animal products are derived
from thousands of years of selective
breeding to increase size and fat / sugar content.
Those with mild sensitivities to gluten may have luck eating this ancient grain as berries or ground into flour because it contains a different genome of gluten than
modern wheat, and it has not been much changed by selective
breeding over the millennia (note: spelt is not genetically engineered — a completely different process
from selective
breeding).
The genes of 50 top bulls have been sequenced in an effort to understand how genes
from temperate cattle have influenced important production traits in the
modern Brahman
breed.
They also took samples
from 4676 pure -
bred «
modern» dogs of 161
breeds, many of European origin.
«Apart
from stallion lines in Northern European
breeds, all stallion lines detected in other
modern breeds derive
from more recently introduced Oriental ancestors,» says Barbara Wallner at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna.
Apart
from a few private Northern European haplotypes, all
modern horse
breeds included in the study clustered into a roughly 700 - year - old haplogroup, transmitted to Europe by the import of Oriental stallions, they report.
The researchers said their analysis indicated that the
modern representatives of these
breeds were recreated in more recent times
from combinations of other
breeds.
Third, we capitalized on the recent publication of known genotypes at 54,602 SNP loci for ca. 400 horses
from 32
modern domesticated
breeds (8).
This at least 5,500 - y - long process, which ultimately transformed wild horses into the hundreds of
breeds living today, is difficult to reconstruct
from archeological data and
modern genetics alone.
The oldest
modern dog
breeds are no more than 500 years old, and most date only
from ~ 150 years ago.
A team of researchers
from across Europe has found that human
breeding practices, particularly during the Iron Age, are likely the cause of a lack of variability in paternally inherited DNA in
modern horses.
While this success may not be possible for everyone, this should certainly offer a more sensible direction for us to pursue what may be more sensible than going through the challenging exercise of making gluten - free baked goods
from substances like almond, potato, tapioca, and bean flours, which may or may not be necessary for a short period of time while you re-introduce your digestive tract to the high - vitamin, mineral, and fiber - endowed heritage grains such as einkorn, emmer, spelt and even some heritage organic whole wheat or one of our more
modern organic whole wheat
breeds that are grown without chemical treatments.
There are lots of other changes this represents too, such as the presence of chemicals in our food supply (pesticides, herbicides, xenoestrogens, etc) that didn't exist in the ancient diet, as well as the dramatic changes caused by hybridization of many of our foods, which creates versions of fruits and vegetables
bred more for size, sweetness, and appearance as opposed to natural nutrition... this aspect has decreased micronutrient content in the
modern day food supply (just look at wild blueberries vs cultivated blueberries as an example of that with wild berries coming in at more than DOUBLE the antioxidants
from ORAC testing).
We know we are in the wrong and that God's teaching tells us to be pure and wait A purebred dog is a dog of a
modern breed of dog, with written documentation showing the individual purebred dog's descent
from its
breeds» foundation
The rationale for learning technology has shifted too,
from simply a system of record (the primary purpose of the traditional LMS), towards engagement (the purpose of the
modern LMS), towards systems of productivity, and a new
breed of technologies aimed at affecting the work itself by being user - centric, not just in design but also in application.
In an effort to find a new royal bride, Hans Holbein was sent to mainland Europe to paint portraits of various women of good
breeding stock,
from which Henry selected Anne (sister to the Duke of Cleves, a small Duchy in the North - West of
modern day Germany, close to the border with Holland).
There are several
breeds where the
modern version of the
breed looks very different
from the traditional.
The
breeds» origin is a bit murky, but the
modern Afghan Hound hails
from Afghanistan.
«It is now generally agreed that the ancestor of the
modern dog is the wolf... [the] process of domestication where our ancestors removed the «wildness»
from the wolf, involved thousands of years of selective
breeding... In this process, our ancestors produced hundreds of «different looking wolves»... our ancestors made only two basic changes to the wolf.
If this seems a far cry
from the dainty little glamour
breed of today, it should be remembered that in those days the dogs weighed about 15 pounds, or twice the weight of the
modern breed.
The
modern Labrador Retriever is a large -
breed dog that stands between 21 and 25 inches high and weighs anywhere
from 55 to 80 pounds at maturity.
A number of
modern dog
breeds are believed to be descended
from the Alaunt.
The first St. John's Water Dog was brought to England in 1820 where it was developed into the
modern Labrador Retriever, possibly with input
from various other retriever
breeds.
The origins of the Chihuahua
breed can be traced all the way back to ancient Mexico and it is commonly believed that the
modern Chihuahua descended
from an ancient companion
breed, the Techichi, which was developed by the Toltec civilization before the 9th century.
Since the Labrador is descended
from the St. John's Water Dog (lesser Newfoundland) as are so many of the
modern retriever
breeds, I wish those dogs were still around.
Hence, the physical and mental characteristics of
modern - day Siberians stem back
from the hundreds, if not thousands, of years of
breeding that went into the development of a suitable dog for Arctic living.
This
breed actually gets its name
from the mountain range near its
modern homeland, the Caucasus Mountains.
It is
from the original game -
bred fighting dogs that we get the
modern day American Pit Bull Terrier.
«
Modern breeding practices are affecting the behavior and mental abilities of pedigree
breeds as well as their physical features,» said Kenth Svartberg, an ethologist
from Stockholm University and author of the research report.
In closing, if you love the
modern day American Pit Bull Terrier, than you should at least give respect to those that created the
breed centuries ago, because it is
from these lines that all
modern day Pit Bulls are spawned.
The original Cavalier King Charles Spaniels were around and had been
bred from other toy dogs and spaniels during the 16th century or so, but
modern day breeders have been using other methods of
breeding to bring a more pure version of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel back into existence.
From conception to foaling, horse
breeding today is carefully managed through
modern technology.
The
modern breed was developed
from dogs found in the countryside around Bern, Switzerland and is only... Read more
The Boston's rise
from nonexistence to AKC recognition was meteoric by
modern standards, as the
breed was recognized by the AKC in 1893, less than 20 years after the
breed was born.
The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs
from this region 2,000 ago and in the
modern Siberian Husky
breed standard.
The
modern German Shepherd
breed is criticized by some for straying away
from Max von Stephanitz's original ideology that German Shepherds should be
bred primarily as working dogs and that
breeding should be strictly controlled to eliminate defects quickly.
The
modern Labrador's ancestors originated on the island of Newfoundland, Canada, and emerged over time
from the St. John's Water Dog, (also a founding
breed of the Newfoundland dog) through
breedings by early settlers in the 1600s.
From its ancestor's beginnings as a cattle driving dog and puller of carts the
breed has been developed for use in a wide range of activities by
modern man including service dogs, therapy animals, top - ranked obedience, tracking, and other performance dogs including use as search and rescue dogs across the country (even the World Trade Center recovery site).
Tina M. Barber, a dog breeder
from New York, wanted the German Shepherd type dog to look and perform the way it did when she was young — a larger dog, with a great personality around the family, and with none of the conformational defects affecting the
modern German Shepherd Dog
breed.
It's believed to be descended
from the Roman Molossus, the same dog that is considered to be a forefather of most
modern European mastiff
breeds.
It's believed that this dog is the
breed from which the
modern day Labrador Retriever's history comes
from.
Originally
bred to retrieve
from water, the
modern Labrador Retriever has proven to be one of the most versatile
breeds, excelling in hunt tests and field trials, in obedience and agility events, and also as service dogs.
Other
breeds came
from Arabian traders around the Horn of Africa and with Asian immigrants, particularly into the Cape Colony, and jackal coursing introduced
from British India brought lurchers
from England and Ireland and the borzoi or Russian wolfhound, and before the era of standardised
modern breeds, several
breeds may have more rarely contributed to Rhodesian Ridgeback genetics.
But supporters of the theory contend that enough of the foundational stock is ancient, including the greyhound and the Khoikhoi dog (
from which the ridged back derives), that even though it was developed relatively recently and for use with
modern firearms, the
breed can still be considered to be of a «primitive type».
There is a controversy surrounding the
breed: some claim that today's dogs are descended
from the ancient lineage, while others say that the
modern version is a recreation and that the original
breed went extinct long ago.
The Siamese / Oriental
breeds encompass a wide variety of looks;
from the traditional (or «apple headed») Siamese to the
modern (or «wedge headed») Siamese.