Regardless of what it is used for today, the ability to incorporate
DNA from other organisms may have been key when life was just getting started.
The ability to pick up used genes and spare
parts from other organisms» DNA junkyards may allow tardigrades to survive extreme stress, such as desiccation, radiation and even a trip...
«It was known for years that bacteria, evolutionarily very distant living organisms of us, had mA in its genome with a protective function against the insertion of genetic
material from other organisms.
It meant that researchers could take out the plasmid DNA that caused crown galls and replace it with carefully selected bits of genetic
code from other organisms.
At the root of this idea is overwhelming recent evidence for horizontal gene transfer — in which organisms acquire genetic material «horizontally»
from other organisms around them, rather than vertically from their parents or ancestors.
Meselson's study suggests that upon patching up their own DNA, the bdelloids simultaneously incorporate random scraps of
DNA from other organisms.
The ability to pick up used genes and spare
parts from other organisms» DNA junkyards may allow tardigrades to survive extreme stress, such as desiccation, radiation and even a trip to space and back, researchers report online November 23 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
New techniques include CRISPR, the revolutionary gene - editing tool that lets researchers delete or inactivate genes without introducing genetic
material from other organisms.
Contrary to transgenesis, they often do not entail the insertion of
genes from other organisms, and are sometimes called «gene editing» or «new breeding techniques».
Because GMO crops are tweaked in a lab to contain harmless DNA
from other organisms, like bacteria, which help make them more resistant to things like drought or pests, they are regulated by the USDA.
And while they don't seem to be sharing genes with each other, they are definitely getting some on the side —
from other organisms.
But if we really want to be scrupulous (and we do at Science News), we would have to admit that very few of these qualities are sufficient to set us apart
from all other organisms.
A peek at tardigrades» genetic diaries may dispel a rumor about an amazing feat the tiny creatures were supposed to perform: borrowing large numbers of genes
from other organisms.
After comparing all three genomes, the researchers have now found that tardigrades borrowed only 133 genes, about 0.7 percent of their genes,
from other organisms.
Drying out allows the animals to absorb DNA
from other organisms, which may confer stress tolerance.
It will enable scientists working on their desktops to create various mutants and introduce genes
from other organisms to see which would be most relevant for work on a new antibiotic, for example.
Some contain genes
from other organisms that impart a particular trait.