Strong interpersonal relationships have been shown to ward off drug addiction, and new clues as to why come
from prairie voles — rodents that form long - term, monogamous bonds with their mates.
qBrain is built on an automated technology platform that will be used to perform similar analyses of other mammalian brains,
from prairie voles to marmoset monkeys and humans.
Next, the scientists cloned the gene
from the prairie vole's vasopressin receptor and implanted it in an embryo of the less sociable laboratory mouse.
The dramatic proof came in an experiment in which the researchers were able to make a mouse more caring for females by giving it the vasopressin receptor gene
from the prairie vole, well known for being faithful and social.
Not exact matches
In a study published last fall, researchers showed that male
prairie voles that had been separated
from their female partners for four days — a much shorter amount of separation time than researchers had previously found to affect the
voles» physiology — exhibited depressionlike behavior and had increased levels of corticosterone, the rodent equivalent of the human stress hormone cortisol.
As a result, when
prairie voles are separated
from their partners even for a short time, they experience withdrawal - like symptoms, says Larry Young, a behavioral neuroscientist at Emory University's Yerkes National Primate Research Center and co-author of the study.
A new theory that has sprung
from research on
prairie voles says that at least some of those disparities evolved not to create differences in behaviour or ability, but to prevent them.
A paper Young published this month, in collaboration with researchers at the University of Tsukuba in Japan, found
prairie voles that have bonded with a mate not only experience more anxiety when separated
from their partners — they also experience more physical pain during the separation, by various measures including response to a painful injection and pain
from heat.