Sentences with phrase «from protein coding genes»

Eivind Valen, University of Copenhagen: «Biogenic mechanisms of small RNAs from protein coding genes»

Not exact matches

In particular, he has focused on targeting the gene coding for flagellin protein b, or flaB, which has proved to be quite distinct from one genospecies to the next.

The disease results from a single mutation in the gene that codes for one of the protein chains that make up the hemoglobin molecule.

These are sequences made in the lab from RNA — the template used to produce the proteins that genes code for.

To derive an evolutionary tree of the TRIM5 gene, they analyzed and compared its complete protein - coding DNA sequences from 22 African primate species.

Most adaptations in protein - coding genes occurred in the last 6,000 to 13,000 years, as human populations shifted from hunting and gathering to farming, they report.

The MDR1 gene codes for a protein that helps to extract drugs from cells.

The two genes implicated — GNAQ and GNA11 — code for proteins (known as G proteins) that normally function as molecular on - off switches, regulating the passage of information from the outside to the inside of a cell.

They collected messenger RNA (mRNA), which is made from active genes and eventually codes for proteins; because each gene has a unique corresponding mRNA strand, mRNA levels reveal which genes are actively making proteins.

Using genetic data from more than 36,000 people with a variety of autoimmune diseases, researchers found that one genetic variant in the gene that codes for the TYK2 protein...

By comparing proteomic and RNA - sequencing data from people on different exercise programs, the researchers found evidence that exercise encourages the cell to make more RNA copies of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins and proteins responsible for muscle growth.

The team integrated three, complementary gene sequencing approaches to look for mutations in tumor cells from SS patients: whole - genome sequencing in six subjects, sequencing of all protein - coding regions (exomes) in 66 subjects, and comparing variation in the number of copies of all genes across the genome in 80 subjects.

Xi's work also shows that even the genes that Rafflesia plants inherited from their own ancestors have appropriated the characteristics of the vines» genes; up to 30 percent of the corpse flowers» native genes code for proteins (the process that helps to determine physical traits) in a way that's more like the vines» than like its fellow Malpighiales».

The gene in question, apolipoprotein E (apoE), codes for a protein in the brain's astrocyte cells that seems to help spur nerve cell growth and clear up debris from neuronal injuries brought by head trauma, stroke, or cerebral hemorrhage.

Several previously reported genes from simpler organisms code for proteins that oscillate in abundance.

Previous studies had shown that inherited mutations to the gene that codes for PINK1 can stop a person from making working versions of the protein.

Moreover, certain signature Mimi genes, such as those that code for the production of the soccer - ball shape of its capsid (an outer protein coat common to all viruses), have been conserved in viruses that infect organisms from all three of the domains, particularly in eukaryotes.

Bacteria can become resistant to the antibiotic either as the result of a spontaneous mutation or by picking up an appropriate «resistance gene» (which codes for a protein that confers resistance) from another bacterium via genetic exchange.

Of dozens of genes strongly activated by injury, seven coded for proteins that are secreted from cells.

The gene that codes for this clotting protein has a very similar sequence across many plant species, and the researchers showed that the microRNA from dodder targets regions of the gene sequence that are the most highly conserved across plants.

The vast majority of our 20,000 or so genes exist in the DNA within each cell's nucleus, as distinct from the 13 protein - coding genes inside mtDNA.

We further investigated the source of the conflict in the protein - coding genes (SM11) and found that trees using all codon positions from the 10 % most compositionally homogeneous (low - variance) exons (n = 830) were most congruent with the c12 tree and, thus, more similar to the TENT than to the c123 tree (Figs. 2 and 6A; cladograms in fig.

To estimate the avian timetree with genomic - scale data, we used first and second codon positions from 1156 clock - like exon genes (which do not strongly exhibit the above protein - coding compositional bias), calibrated with 19 conservatively chosen avian fossils (plus nonavian outgroups) as minimum bounds for lineage ages (with a maximum - bound age constraint of 99.6 Ma for Neornithes), in a Bayesian autocorrelated relaxed clock method using MCMCTREE (77) on the fixed ExaML TENT topology (SM12).

From these efforts, we identified a high - quality orthologous gene set across avian species, consisting of exons from 8251 syntenic protein - coding genes (~ 40 % of the proteome), introns from 2516 of these genes, and a nonoverlapping set of 3769 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) with ~ 1000 bp of flanking sequenFrom these efforts, we identified a high - quality orthologous gene set across avian species, consisting of exons from 8251 syntenic protein - coding genes (~ 40 % of the proteome), introns from 2516 of these genes, and a nonoverlapping set of 3769 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) with ~ 1000 bp of flanking sequenfrom 8251 syntenic protein - coding genes (~ 40 % of the proteome), introns from 2516 of these genes, and a nonoverlapping set of 3769 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) with ~ 1000 bp of flanking sequenfrom 2516 of these genes, and a nonoverlapping set of 3769 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) with ~ 1000 bp of flanking sequences.

If so, it could make cell fate more resilient to random mutations in a plant's genetic code, even when such changes keep some gene - regulating proteins from binding their intended DNA targets.

Imaging techniques that rely on light — such as taking pictures of cells tagged with a «reporter gene» that codes for green fluorescent protein — only work in tissue samples removed from the body.

These are sequences produced in the lab from the RNA that is the intermediate step between gene and the protein it codes for.

Different genes code for different proteins, but different proteins can also come from the same gene.

In brown bears, the sequence of this gene varies from one bear to another, but all the polar bears surveyed have an identical version, with the exact same genetic code at nine variable spots in the gene, about half of which should change the function of the APOB protein.

The widely accepted RNA - world theory posits that RNA — the molecule that today plays roles in coding, regulating, and expressing genes — elevated itself from the primordial soup of amino acids and cosmic chemicals, eventually to give rise first to short proteins called peptides and then to single - celled organisms.

Although microRNAs do not code for proteins, they prevent specific genes from giving rise to the proteins they encode.

From one collection of mutations of protein coding genes, they identified the nuclear components Mlp1 and Mlp2 of the macrocomplex that form the nuclear pores, preserved in all the eukaryotes, including the human ones.

Through closer investigation, he found that the RNA sections that stuck around contained chemical codes that act as stop signs, prematurely halting the translation of the RNA from these two genes into proteins.

The genes for each transcription factor were made from different bits of DNA that code for the functional parts of proteins, such as a domain that can bind to DNA and another that provides the protein with access to the cell's nucleus.

The mutation isn't in a region of the gene that codes for the SMARCAD1 protein; instead it's near a key splicing site that prevents SMARCAD1 from being made correctly, the researchers report today in The American Journal of Human Genetics.

The human version of the FOXP2 (short for fork - head box P2) differs from that of the chimp (the closest living relative of humans) in two places along the genetic code, causing differences in two amino acids in the protein coded by the gene.

Researchers were specifically hunting for the mRNA created from the two alleles (copies) of the gene DRD2, which codes for a receptor protein for the neurotransmitter dopamine.

The team also carried out a so - called metagenomic analysis, in which the genomes from all organisms in a sample are sequenced collectively; the great majority of genes they found coded for proteins never seen before.

A mile - stone has been achieved with data for 75 % of the human protein - coding genes and protein evidence for all human genes predicted from the genome sequence.

A DNA sequence that was derived originally from a functional protein - coding gene that has lost its function owing to the presence of one or more inactivating mutations.

We used a hybridization approach to enrich the DNA from 17,367 protein - coding genes in two Neandertal individuals from Spain and Croatia.

Human Argonaute - 2 (hAgo2) is known as «slicer» for its unique ability among the 4 human Argonaute proteins to directly cut messenger RNA — which carries the information coded in genomic DNA to make a protein — and thus disable «messages» generated from genes.

Professor Mathias Uhlen, Director of the Human Protein Atlas consortium and leader of the Pathology Atlas effort says: «This study differs from earlier cancer investigations, since it is not focused on the mutations in cancers, but the downstream effects of such mutations across all protein - codingProtein Atlas consortium and leader of the Pathology Atlas effort says: «This study differs from earlier cancer investigations, since it is not focused on the mutations in cancers, but the downstream effects of such mutations across all protein - codingprotein - coding genes.

Estimates from the S. cerevisiae genome project indicate that there are roughly 5800 protein coding genes in the genome of this fungus (Dujon, 1996).

Since the two most reliable estimates based on cloned material vary from 11,000 to about 13,000 transcription units, we take 12,000 as a working figure for the number of protein coding genes in D. melanogaster.

Phylogenetic inference was carried out using a partitioned (codon positions 1 — 2 and 3) supermatrix of 20,384 protein - coding genes from Ensembl v72 (80) following quality filtering, using the longest transcript for each gene.

In order for this sequence to become a gene coding a protein, at a minimum the first lowercase, dark orange codon needs to be mutated to ATG, a start codon, and the rest of the lowercase, dark orange codons need to be mutated away from being stop codons.

An inherited variant in the gene coding for vitamin D - binding protein and survival from cutaneous melanoma: a BioGenoMEL study.

He and colleagues Lawrence Grossman and Derek Wildman compared approximately 10,000 protein coding genes culled from the dolphin genome with comparable genes from 9 other animals: a cow, horse, dog, mouse, human, elephant, opossum, platypus and chicken.

Given their close proximity and the tendency of investigators to assign a GWAS hit to the nearest protein - coding gene, I wonder how often a genetic signal from a p - lncRNA is erroneously assigned to the mRNA instead.