«Flares this large
from red dwarfs are exceedingly rare.»
Previous work has looked at the impact of stellar flares
from a red dwarf on a nearby planet.
However, Gliese 667Cc — which was discovered with the European Southern Observatory's 3.6 - meter telescope in Chile — may orbit close enough in to be baked by flares
from the red dwarf.
Researchers say follow - up observations using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope will be able to show how much radiation
from the red dwarf star hits LHS 1140b.
Obviously he's not acquainted with Talkie Toaster
from Red Dwarf.
The paintings have the character of regurgitated modernism, but a retro low - budget sci - fi equivalent; the kind of pictures one might imagine Captain Rimmer
from Red Dwarf would buy from a kitsch provincial gallery at the edge of a galaxy to hang in his office.
Not exact matches
This is because at the moment he is only on # 35,000 a week, a wage that could be
dwarfed by any offer
from the
Red Devils.
Planet GJ 1214 b, seen here with two hypothetical moons, orbits a dim
red dwarf star 40 light - years
from Earth.
In this episode: Supernova Space Rays, Liquid Lunar Mystery,
Red Dwarf Exoplanets, Name Pluto's Moons and Meteor Attack
from Space.
Even though the star GJ 1214 is a puny
red dwarf, it would still look 17 times larger
from GJ 1214 b than the sun does in our sky.
«The bottom line is that habitable planets around
red dwarfs are better protected
from climate catastrophes than Earth is,» says Smith.
Stars yanked
from the Sagittarius
dwarf galaxy (
red) loop around the Milky Way and dive near our sun (yellow dot).
It orbits a
red dwarf — a small, cool, faint star — at 2.6 times Earth's distance
from the sun.
Located 1,350 light - years away, the Orion Nebula is a relatively nearby laboratory for studying the star formation process across a wide range,
from opulent giant stars to diminutive
red dwarf stars and elusive, faint brown
dwarfs.
Life might emerge on a
red dwarf planet, some now think, after the star has aged and its flares have settled down; winds on the planet might transport heat
from one hemisphere to the other, keeping the atmosphere
from freezing.
Recently, a newly discovered Earth - sized planet orbiting Ross 128, a
red dwarf star that is smaller and cooler than the sun located some 11 light years
from Earth, was cited as a water candidate.
It turns out to be a very light - weight
red dwarf in the disk of the Milky Way, and some 600 light - years
from the sun.
It orbits a dim,
red dwarf star (shown at left) about 200 light - years
from Earth.
Apps noted that the precise colors of KOI - 961, which is some 120 light - years away
from Earth, are exactly like those of a much nearer
red dwarf star known as Barnard's Star.
TRAPPIST - 1 is an ultra-cool
red dwarf star that is slightly larger, but much more massive, than the planet Jupiter, located about 40 light - years
from the Sun in the constellation Aquarius.
The new survey will pick targets
from a list of about 70,000
red dwarfs compiled by Andrew West at Boston University, and will listen to the stars in radio frequency bands between 1 and 10 gigahertz.
Three new planets classified as habitable - zone super-Earths are amongst eight new planets discovered orbiting nearby
red dwarf stars by an international team of astronomers
from the UK and Chile.
Professor Hugh Jones, also
from the University of Hertfordshire, commented: «This result is somewhat expected in the sense that studies of distant
red dwarfs with the Kepler mission indicate a significant population of small radius planets.
THE OTHER
RED PLANET Pluto's ruddy surface comes into view in a close - up taken on July 3, 12.5 million kilometers
from the
dwarf planet.
The star is a
red dwarf just 4.3 light years away
from us with a planet called Proxima Centauri b orbiting in the habitable zone.
«We focused on
red -
dwarf stars, which are smaller and fainter than our Sun, since we expect any biomarker signals
from planets orbiting such stars to be easier to detect.»
The planet circles a dim
red dwarf called Gliese 876, just 15 light - years
from Earth.
Every 38 hours GJ 1214 b completes an orbit around GJ 1214, a dim, lightweight
red star known as an M
dwarf that lies just 42 light - years
from the sun.
These microlensing events, ranging
from a few hours to a few days in duration, will enable astronomers to measure precisely the mass of this isolated
red dwarf.
It orbits a
red dwarf in the habitable zone, though closely enough — with a mere 28 - day orbit — to make the planet subject to intense flares that could erupt periodically
from the star's surface.
The star also has a small companion, a
red dwarf star that lies about 1000 times as far away as Earth's distance
from the sun.
Ehrenreich and his team think that such a huge cloud of gas can exist around this planet because the cloud is not rapidly heated and swept away by the radiation pressure
from the relatively cool
red dwarf star.
THE
red dwarf doesn't fall far
from the tree.
On April 23, NASA's Swift satellite detected the strongest, hottest, and longest - lasting sequence of stellar flares ever seen
from a nearby
red dwarf star.
One is probably a
red giant that is still blowing off its atmosphere; the other is most likely a white
dwarf stealing gas
from its giant companion and lighting up the surrounding nebula.
The nearest of the three, Proxima Centauri, is a
red dwarf 4.24 light years
from us.
Or it may be influenced by a tidal tug
from the star's
red dwarf binary companion (HR 4796B), located at least 54 billion miles
from the primary star.
In addition, stars with surface temperatures of 3,300 kelvins or lower (
red dwarfs of spectral type M2.5 such as Gliese 581, or
redder) would emit so fewer photons towards the bluish wavelengths compared to Sol that the sky would appear whitish down to reddish to Human eyes (more
from Earth Science Picture of the Day).
© Estate of John Whatmough — larger image (Artwork
from Extrasolar Visions, used with permission
from Whatmough) Glowing
red through gravitational contraction, the candidate brown
dwarf companion to Proxima Centauri is depicted with two moons (one eclipsing the flare star) with distant Alpha Centauri A and B at upper right, as imagined by Whatmough.
This diagram below is a plot of 22000 stars
from the Hipparcos Catalogue together with 1000 low - luminosity stars (
red and white
dwarfs)
from the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars.
This cool and dim, main sequence
red dwarf (M1.5 Vne) may have about 37.5 to 48.6 percent of Sol's mass (Howard et al, 2014; RECONS; and Berger et al, 2006, Table 5, based on Delfosse et al, 2000), 34 to 39 percent of its diameter (Howard et al, 2014), and some 2.2 percent of its luminosity and 2.9 percent of its theoretical bolometric luminosity (Howard et al, 2014), correcting for infrared output (NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, derived using exponential formula
from Kenneth R. Lang, 1980).
It appears to be a main sequence
red dwarf star of spectral and luminosity type M4.5 V. Because of its small mass and great distance
from the primary (Star A), Upsilon Andromedae B appears to have a negligible effect on the radial velocity measurements used to determine that Star A has at least three large planets (Lowrance et al, 2002).
Both appear to be on their first ascent of the
red - giant branch, having probably both evolved
from A-type
dwarf stars with only a small difference in mass.
Star B, a orange -
red dwarf with a relatively calm chromosphere and acoustic p - wave mode oscillations, is an easier target for detecting wobbles
from terrestrial planets, possibly within only three years of «high cadence» observations for a 1.8 Earth - mass planet (more
from New Scientist and Guedes et al, 2008).
In 2006, astronomers discovered a very dim («mid-range»),
red dwarf companion to HD 189733 A of spectral and luminosity type M V. Observed at a separation of 216 AUs
from Star A, the companion star has a clockwise orbit that is nearly perpendicular to the orbital plane of transiting planet b around Star A (HD 189733 b or Ab).
But as the
red dwarf is so tiny and cool, the exoplanet receives a similar amount of solar heating as our planet receives
from the sun.
Given at least nine meters (roughly 30 feet) of water on the planet, photosynthetic microbes (including mats of algae, cyanobacteria, and other photosynthetic bacteria) and plant - like protoctists (such as floating seaweed or kelp forests attached to the seafloor) could be protected
from «planet - scalding» ultraviolet flares produced by young
red dwarf stars, according to Victoria Meadows of Caltech, principal investigator at the NASA Astrobiology Institute's Virtual Planetary Laboratory.
Star B, the chromospherically calmer, orange -
red dwarf, is an easier target for detecting wobbles
from terrestrial planets, possibly within only three years of «high cadence» observations for a 1.8 Earth - mass planet (more
from New Scientist and Guedes et al, 2008).
Under
red dwarf stars, plant - type life on land may not be possible because photosynthesis might not generate sufficient energy
from infrared light to produce the oxygen needed to block dangerous ultraviolet light
from such stars at the very close orbital distances needed for a planet to be warmed enough to have liquid water on its surface.
Dubbed a «waterworld» and located a mere 42 light - years
from Earth, GJ 1214b orbits near a
red dwarf star about one - fifth the size of our sun.