Yet, thinkers
from Edmund Burke to Russell Kirk have shown the deeply anti-conservative bases of the
social contract theory of Lockean (and Hobbesian) origin, one that is premised upon a conception of human beings as naturally «free and independent,» as autonomous individuals who are thought to exist by nature detached
from a web of relationships that include family, community, Church, region, and so on.
The utilitarian interpretation stands, above all, under the archetype of the
social contract and is consonant with the modern
theory of natural rights as derived
from John Locke.