Change groups were created by subtracting tertiles of sugar intake at baseline (t) from sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages at follow - up (t + 5 y) and coding − 2 / − 1 as decrease, 0 as no change and +1 / +2 as increase in sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages.
The aim of this study is to investigate whether sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages is positively associated with the risk of both incident and recurrent mood disorders, and to establish the role of the reverse effect in the Whitehall II cohort, using prospective, repeat measures data collected over a 22 year period.
In women, no associations were found for incident CMD with tertiles of sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages (after 2 years, highest vs. lowest tertile OR: 0.98; 95 % CI 0.72, 1.34; P for tertile trend = 0.90; after 5 years, highest vs. lowest tertile OR: 0.94; 95 % CI 0.74, 1.19; P for tertile trend = 0.59).
Mean 5 - year change was approximately 31 g sugar
from sweet food / beverages per day in the decrease group, − 0.7 g in the stable intake group and 29 g in the increase group.
Our research confirms an adverse effect of sugar intake
from sweet food / beverage on long - term psychological health and suggests that lower intake of sugar may be associated with better psychological health.
Prospective analyses regarding the associations of sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages and recurrent mood disorders showed no evidence for sex interaction for CMD, CES - D depression or clinical depression 5 years later.
Our study was based on an occupational cohort but sugar intakes
from sweet food / beverages were close to those reported previously in a representative cohort in the UK (approximately 40 grams), and Batty et al. showed that effects found in Whitehall II were comparable to those observed in population - representative cohorts3, 57.
Higher sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages was associated with increased likelihood of incident CMD after 5 years in men.
Further, we found an increased likelihood for incident CMD in men and some evidence of recurrent depression in both sexes with higher intakes of sugar
from sweet food / beverages.
Analyses of recurrent CMD, depression and recurrent clinical depression after 10 years showed no associations with sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages.
Sensitivity analyses excluding extreme values of sugar intake and excluding person - observations with self - reported doctor diagnosis at baseline attenuated the association of sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages and recurrent depression slightly (before P for tertile trend 0.003 after 0.022 and 0.010, respectively).
Since sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages was strongly correlated with energy intake (r = 0.61, P < 0.001), energy intake was adjusted for with the partition method by using energy intake from other foods44.
Sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages decreased by 2.00 (SD 28.8; 95 % CI 1.20, 2.79) grams per day from phase 3 to 5, by 3.44 (SD 28.0; 95 % CI 2.59, 4.30) grams from phase 5 to 7 and by 1.57 (SD 26.0; 95 % CI 0.91, 2.33) grams from phase 7 to 9, and was normally distributed.
In this long - term follow - up study, sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages, which are consistently high in sugar content, has been used as the exposure measure.
Normal distribution of change in sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages was verified using a histogram.
Cross-sectional analyses showed strong positive associations between sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages and common mental disorder from the GHQ, as well as CES - D caseness, when adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity (Table 2).
In prospective analyses, men in the highest tertile of sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages had a 23 % increased odds of incident CMD after 5 years (95 % CI: 1.02, 1.48) independent of health behaviours, socio - demographic and diet - related factors, adiposity and other diseases.
To examine the prospective association of sugar intake
from sweet food and beverages, a random effects logistic regression model (REM) was performed using the STATA command xtlogit 48, with exposures at phases 3, 5, 7 and 9 for GHQ caseness, and at phases 7 and 9 for CES - D caseness.
Table 1 shows the prevalence of CMD and tertiles of reported sugar consumption
from sweet food / beverages according to covariates at phase 3.
The present long - term prospective study is the first to investigate the association of sugar consumption
from sweet food / beverages with prevalent, incident and recurrent mood disorders, while also examining the effect these disorders might have on subsequent habitual sugar intake.
To check for reverse causation, that depressive symptoms may affect subsequent sugar intake
from sweet food / beverages, linear regression models of 5 - year change and multinomial logistic regression for change groups were fitted for each cycle, from phases 3 to 5, 5 to 7 and 7 to 9, with CMD at phases 3, 5, 7 respectively, and for change from phase 7 to 9 with depression at phase 7.
Sure, you need an element of fat in your diet, but this shouldn't come
from sweet food.
Maintaining a healthy diet means (virtually) abstaining
from sweet foods — lollies, cakes, desserts, and the like, as their primary ingredients have be found to be less than wholesome.
Maintaining a healthy diet means (virtually) abstaining
from sweet foods — candy, cakes, cookies, desserts, and similar choices, as their primary ingredients have be found to include unhealthy hydrogenated fats, sugars including artificial sugars, colors, preservatives, and many other man - made chemicals you may want to avoid.
Not exact matches
As one of the backers of Fed Up, a documentary about our growing addiction to
sweet, processed
foods, she's taken a stand on sugar (in her stores, she's banned treats
from the checkout aisle).
Niche
food producer
Sweets from the Earth thrives using innovation, uniqueness and an unwavering focus on quality
The company's restaurants feature a variety of menu items, including its Buffalo, New York - style chicken wings spun in one of its signature sauces
from sweet to screamin» hot,
sweet BBQ, teriyaki, mild, parmesan garlic, medium, honey BBQ, spicy garlic, jammin» jalapeno, asian zing, caribbean jerk, thai curry, hot BBQ, hot, mango habanero, wild and blazin, signature seasonings, including buffalo, desert heat, chipotle BBQ, and salt and vinegar, a wide variety of
food items, including sharable appetizers, wild flatbreads, specialty hamburgers and sandwiches, wraps, buffalito soft tacos, and salads, and a full bar, which offers an extensive selection of domestic, imported, and craft beers on tap, as well as bottled beers, wine and liquor.
Since the 30's this
sweet, delectable dessert made
from navy beans has been my favourite.Although in accordance with our Islamic law, pork is prohibited and there is a list of other banned
foods, I would have to agree that the bean pie tops it all in nutrition and health.
The fantastic thing about these is that they're so easy to make, so you can throw them together in no time if you realise you need a
sweet snack to stop any
food envy
from people eating
food that you may not be able to enjoy!
Thank you for having these great recipes they really helped me
from going back to unhealthy
sweets and junk
food.
Maine wants to ban its residents on
food stamps
from buying soda and
sweets, San Francisco approved health warnings on ads for sugary drinks, and the government and big
food companies are still going back - and - forth on mandatory labeling.
I'm Nora
from Austria and I absolutely adore Thai
food because of its hot / sour / salty /
sweet - flavor combo that I simply can not seem to get enough of.
This casserole recipe was adapted
from Food Network and that recipe specifically stated «
sweet potatoes».
Beverages, Breakfasts, Desserts,
Sweets & Treats, Real
Food Recipes, Snacks, Party Food & Holidays coconut milk, coconut milk eggnog, dairy free recipe, dairy - free, diary free, easy eggnog, egg nog, eggnog, eggnog with coconut milk, GAPS recipe, homemade eggnog, make eggnog from scratch, nutrient dense recipe, paleo egg nog, real food re
Food Recipes, Snacks, Party
Food & Holidays coconut milk, coconut milk eggnog, dairy free recipe, dairy - free, diary free, easy eggnog, egg nog, eggnog, eggnog with coconut milk, GAPS recipe, homemade eggnog, make eggnog from scratch, nutrient dense recipe, paleo egg nog, real food re
Food & Holidays coconut milk, coconut milk eggnog, dairy free recipe, dairy - free, diary free, easy eggnog, egg nog, eggnog, eggnog with coconut milk, GAPS recipe, homemade eggnog, make eggnog
from scratch, nutrient dense recipe, paleo egg nog, real
food re
food recipe
I tend to shy away
from food that is very
sweet, so I held back on the sugar in favor of the naturally tart plum.
I woke up this morning with a craving for that warm, spicy -
sweet flavor of banana bread and I remembered your «jacked - up» version
from the last time I was studying your website looking at what my friends and I call,
food porn.
If you love sticky,
sweet, spicy
food then you'll enjoy this recipe for Vegan General Tso's Tofu
from the Chloe Flavor: Saucy, Crispy, Spicy, Vegan cookbook.
Since I can't bring Shahi Maharani to him, I told him to choose a recipe
from this Indian cookbook that
sweet Deeba (upon hearing that how much Pierre loves Indian
food) gave me in London when we met at Food Blogger Connect last Novem
food) gave me in London when we met at
Food Blogger Connect last Novem
Food Blogger Connect last November.
Here at Bite Sized Kitchen, you will find all kinds of bite - sized finger
foods from sweet to savory perfect for a lavish party or just a relaxed get - together!
Sweets from friends: Chocolate Pecan Pie Bars -LCB- Low Carb -RCB- by All Day I Dream About
Food Shoofly Pie Bars by Cupcake Project Peppermint Crumble Bars by Something Swanky
Over a 10 - year period, they recorded the cumulative consumption of discretionary hot
foods,
sweet and savoury snacks, and
sweet drinks starting
from the children's first year of life, and the impact this had on the link between socio - economic position and the children's BMI z - score at the age of 10 or 11.
At the time, I was coming home
from work to an always empty house, laying on the floor for an hour to re-calibrate
from my day, working myself into a 30 minute or so run, and then reading a couple
food blogs over dinner (usually a
sweet potato, roasted during that run, with black beans, salsa, and a pile of greens), working another couple hours just to survive the next school day, and falling into bed into a deep and dreamless sleep before my alarm clock wrenched me out and up and into another day that was much the same.
I love the massive variety of
food from some wonderful cooks, the
sweet time to fellowship with good friends, and — of course — the chance to try out new recipes on unsuspecting eaters!
I made it on Saturday for V - day (so my sweetie and I could come home
from an incredible dinner at a Brazilian steakhouse and indulge in a tasty healthy whole -
foods dessert ~ objective, maintain the «healthy» aspect of our nutrition plan, AND have an awesome
sweet treat all while saving a few dollars on an overpriced dessert at the restaraunt:P) AND it was a total success!!!
I used some already cooked
sweet potato that I had on hand
from making baby
food, instead of pumpkin and it worked well.
Get inspired with these 52
food in jars recipes for everything
from breakfast to
sweets!
> Some people steer away
from foods like this since pumpkin and butternut have distinct
sweet, thick and firm flavors.
In fact, with these peroxidase enzymes deactivated, natural anthocyanin extracts
from sweet potato used for
food coloring may be even more stable than synthetic
food colorings.
It seems like
from Halloween to New Year's Day that we're inundated with
sweets and holiday goodies, and by January 1 I'm ready for normal
food.
In several studies
from Africa,
sweet potatoes were found to contain between 100 - 1,600 micrograms (RAE) of vitamin A in every 3.5 ounces — enough, on average, to meet 35 % of all vitamin A needs, and in many cases enough to meet over 90 % of vitamin A needs (
from this single
food alone).