Further away
from these fault zones the ground is generally more quiescent.
Rotary shear experiments reveal the frictional properties of clay - rich material recovered directly
from the fault zone.
One of the new papers (Ujiie et al.) presents the results of laboratory experiments on the material recovered
from the fault zone.
One of the most surprising insights from the latest body of seismic research is that earthquakes can happen in the unlikeliest of places, far
from a fault zone.
«It would be a great disservice to society if we did not learn as much as possible
from the fault zone heated by this huge earthquake,» says Kiyoshi Suyehiro, president and chief executive of the management group of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP).
«I wanted to apply what we know
from fault zones and earthquakes to glaciology,» Siman - Tov said.
If a researcher extracts a one - inch sample of rock
from the fault zone located inside a single plate and subjects it to compression and shearing forces in a laboratory until it slips, it will behave in much the same way that rocks in the ground do.
Located in an area that has ruptured six times since 1857, the hole provided the first opportunity to observe directly the conditions under which earthquakes occur, to collect rocks and fluids
from the fault zone for laboratory study, and to continuously monitor the physical condition within an active earthquake nucleation zone.
Not exact matches
An apocalyptically - worded story in the latest issue of the New Yorker detailed the devastation that might result
from a high - magnitude earthquake along the Cascadia subduction
zone, a
fault line that runs
from Cape Mendocino, Calif., to Vancouver Island, Canada.
My nephew has come back
from a war
zone crippled he is not going to work again, I was working for 29 years and then through no
fault of my own fell 100ft landed on my feet.
Now, over the coming weeks, a team of international researchers are returning to offshore Sumatra to collect marine sediments, rocks and fluids
from this particular
zone for the first time to gain a better understanding of the materials and to collect data for predicting how they behave in
fault zones to generate large earthquakes.
«It has been argued for decades that
fault systems evolving over geological time may unify smaller
fault segments, forming mature rupture
zones with a potential for larger earthquake,» said Marco Bohnhoff, professor of geophysics at the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany, who sought to clarify the seismic hazard potential
from the NAFZ.
Now scientists are calling attention to a dangerous area on the opposite side of the Ring of Fire, the Cascadia Subduction
Zone, a
fault that runs parallel to the Pacific coast of North America,
from northern California to Vancouver Island.
At the SSA Annual Meeting, Ivan Wong of Lettis Consultants International and colleagues will discuss the detailed forecast
from the 2016 report, including their findings that at least 22 large earthquakes have ruptured parts of the Wasatch
fault zone between Nephi and Brigham City, Utah in the past 6000 years.
A seismically active region known as the Brawley Seismic
Zone extends
from the southern end of the San Andreas
fault to the northern end of the Imperial
fault.
Liverpool Seismologist, Stephen Hicks
from the School of Environmental Sciences, who led the research, said: «It was previously thought that dense geological bodies in an active
fault zone may cause more movement of the
fault during an earthquake.»
The results are also being compared with findings
from other
fault zones, such as the San Andreas
Fault in California, to better understand the physical processes before an earthquake.
The silent earthquakes may then take place when a batch of fluid
from the slab is working its way up — as the fluid passes, it will unclamp the
fault zone a little bit, perhaps allowing some slow slip.
This predictability most likely stems
from the fact that water flowing
from below subduction
zones may exert significant control over when and where these
faults slip silently.
The study tests the method on more than 200 GPS stations that recorded slow slips between 2005 and 2016 along the Cascadia
fault zone, which runs
from northern California up to northern Vancouver Island.
For example, aftershock sequences for quakes that occur at
faults far
from a tectonic plate boundary — such as the New Madrid Seismic
Zone — often last much longer than those triggered by quakes near plate boundaries, says Seth Stein, a geophysicist at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.
Groundwater samples were obtained
from seven locations in the Futagawa - Hinagu
fault zones in the Kumamoto region.
The team used a submersible pump in deep wells to obtain groundwater samples at depths of 280 to 1,300 meters
from seven locations in the
fault zones surrounding the epicenter 11 days after the earthquake in April 2016.
«There is reason to expect such signals
from Earth
faults in the seismogenic
zone for slowly slipping
faults.»
«At any given instant, the noise coming
from the lab
fault zone provides quantitative information on when the
fault will slip,» said Paul Johnson, a Los Alamos National Laboratory fellow and lead investigator on the research, which was published today in Geophysical Research Letters.
The Cascadia subduction
zone lies offshore
from northern California to southwestern British Columbia, where two tectonic plates — the North America plate and the Juan de Fuca plate — come together to form an 800 - mile long earthquake
fault.
And of course there is also methane venting
from unfrozen bottom sediments surrounding
fault zones and paleo river beds.
Given Dot Earth's long focus on the risk to schools in Oregon
from the Cascadia Subduction
Zone and other earthquake
faults, I thought you would like to know we are making progress.
Where you then have a talik,
from this combination of geological and radiative forces, and then there is plenty of free gas underneath that can migrate out easily through pathways once there are such tears, and then you add on top of all that that it is a seismically active
zone, one can easily see how global warming could greatly amplify the effects of an earthquake at that
fault zone.
Evidence
from Oregon, one of the states most vulnerable to great earthquakes, points out the challenge of moving
from such logic, on paper, to investments in vulnerable schools or coastal communities in the inundation
zone for the tsunami that will accompany the next great thrust of the Cascadia
fault off the Northwest Coast.
Their Landslide Hazard Assessment for Situational Awareness (LHASA) model melds information regarding slope, lithology, deforested areas, and proximity to
fault zones and roads to derive a map of landslide susceptibility, which is then combined with satellite - derived estimates of precipitation
from the past week to develop «nowcasts» of areas that are susceptible to landslides.
According to reports
from The Bangor Daily News, the at -
fault driver failed to notice or yield to a motorcyclist stopped in a construction
zone.
Thousands of miles away, across multiple time
zones and cultural
fault lines, Silicon Valley's errors could sweep us away in a tide of doubt as American investors recoil
from foreign tech.