La Paz's main water supplies come from rainwater and melt - off
from tropical glaciers in the Cordillera Real range, which includes Chacaltaya and the Tuni - Condoriri glacial system set in the mountains above the region's largest reservoir.
Not exact matches
More than 80 % of the ice on Africa's highest peak has melted since the early 20th century, joining other
glaciers that are ebbing
from the world's
tropical mountains at an accelerating rate.
The research shows that
tropical glaciers have their own dynamics (different
from that of the more extensively studied Alpine
glaciers), which incorporates climatic influences
from both hemispheres (rather than mainly
from the northern hemisphere, which is the case for Alpine
glaciers).
A glaciologist doesn't let a heart transplant keep him
from braving dizzying altitudes to gather crucial ice core samples
from retreating
tropical and subtropical
glaciers
Evidence
from glacial advance / retreat (e.g. the evidence
from tropical Andean
glaciers you cite above) is often difficult to interpret, because glacial mass balance represents in general a subtle competition between the influences of ablation (determined by changes in temperature thresholds reached) and accumulation (determined by changes in humidity and precipitation).
Add to your check list of reality the fact that Himalayan
glaciers are melting at an alarming rate (see RC threads on
tropical glacier melt); enough so that flash flooding,
from overflowing
glacier - melt lakes, is a serious and life - threatening concern of downstream populations.
The global mean temperature rise of less than 1 degree C in the past century does not seem like much, but it is associated with a winter temperature rise of 3 to 4 degrees C over most of the Arctic in the past 20 years, unprecedented loss of ice
from all the
tropical glaciers, a decrease of 15 to 20 % in late summer sea ice extent, rising sealevel, and a host of other measured signs of anomalous and rapid climate change.
I've been traveling so much the last few months that I think I've hit every climate possible,
from Western North Carolina to Aruba,
from Costa Rica to Alaska, I've hit lush
tropical forests, arid deserts,
tropical beaches and
glaciers!
20 Night Itinerary - A grand tour of Argentina's diverse landscapes,
from vast wetlands and
tropical forests to arid deserts, glistening lakes and immense
glaciers.
Indeed, this certainly rings true for Overlapping View, where the artist makes use of his diverse source material to transport his spectators
from a
tropical paradise to an arctic
glacier, to a household interior or even to the surface of the moon.
This paper has played a valuable role in calling attention to important work on the physics of
tropical glaciers, that can help in teasing out the record of
tropical climate change
from glacier retreat data.
Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both
from ice > water, and
from increased biological activity, and
from edge melt revealing more land, and
from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm
tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of
glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)
A question that arose in subsequent online discussion was to what extent Oerlemans had relied on
glaciers from tropical regions (answer: he didn't), and what the reasons are behind retreat of
glaciers in these regions.
Data
from the
tropical and subtropical Andes suggest that changes in precipitation and cloud cover in the latter portion of the 20th century are minor, and that changes in these quantities are unlikely candidates for explaining Andes
glacier retreat.
I know it only relates to a certain part of the troposphere and there is probably contamination
from surface effects, but does this emphasize to a greater extent the importance of
tropical glaciers in understanding tropospheric tropospheric trends over the past 100 or so years?
The Paris Agreement follows the author's personal journey
from COP - 15 in Copenhagen to Le Bourget's Blue Zone, stopping along the way at endangered
tropical rainforests, melting
glaciers and sinking islands.
That's why I used the expression «represents a serious potential threat to humanity and our environment» (temperature increase by 2100 of up to 6.4 C, increased droughts, floods,
tropical cyclones, heat waves, extreme high sea level plus secondary effects, such as crop failures, spread of vector diseases, loss of drinking water
from melting
glaciers, etc. all as listed in IPCC AR4).
Glaciers on Mt. Hunter are easily influenced by temperature variations in the
tropical Pacific Ocean because there are no large mountains to the south to block incoming winds
from the coast, according to the researchers.
The study's authors conclude warming of the
tropical Pacific Ocean has contributed to the unprecedented melting of Mt. Hunter's
glaciers by altering how air moves
from the tropics to the poles.
We can only call on evidence
from many other proxies for «unprecedented» states in recent years (e.g.
glaciers, isotopes in
tropical ice etc..).
The filmmakers go on a «journey along the spine of the Andes mountain range,
from Colombia to Argentina to know the individuals and lives of those who are first affected by the dwindling
tropical glacier reserve, the canaries in the mine.
Retreating
glaciers, thinning Arctic ice, shorter Winters, hotter average night time temperatures, advancing
tropical zones, visible sea level rise, more energetic weather systems, extreme cold spells in temperate zones, thawing permafrost, escalating methane releases
from artic tundra,,,,,,.