Unlike most smaller Kuiper belt objects, these Pluto - sized bodies are mostly round, likely internally differentiated with the ice and rock separated, and contain
frozen volatile ices, like nitrogen, carbon monoxide and methane, in varying amounts on their evolving surfaces.
Not exact matches
Forming in the system's colder outer regions, where
volatile compounds such as water and carbon dioxide
freeze out, makes it possible that the planets incorporated those
ices and carried them along to a warmer place where they could melt, evaporate, and become oceans and atmospheres.
There, nitrogen and other «
volatile» gases
freeze solid in the cryogenic conditions, and water turns to rock - hard
ice.
All the bright (radar - reflective) features are believed to be deposits of
frozen volatile substances, likely water
ice, at least several metres thick in the permanently shaded floors of craters.
We can clearly see from history that there were very large swings succinctly described in Professor Brian Fagan's book «The Little
Ice Age»: «There was never a monolithic deep
freeze rather a climatic see saw that swung constantly back and forwards in
volatile and sometimes disastrous shifts.