Sentences with phrase «fuel combustion as»

What adaptations refuse to admit, however, is that the first critical step in any adaptation effort is to eliminate fossil fuel combustion as an energy source, and to pursue international agreements aimed at that goal.

Having identified fossil fuel combustion as the problem, the plaintiffs should not be suing energy companies but rather the roughly 7.6 billion people who use fossil fuels, including themselves.

Carbon dioxide is a product of fossil - fuel combustion as well as other processes.

On the other hand, it is reasonable to assume that natural market factors will gradually result in a reduction of ever more expensive fossil fuel combustion as older coal - fired power plants are shut down and replaced by nuclear plants, as hybrid and electrical cars gradually replace gasoline and diesel driven ones, and as energy efficiency is improved and waste reduced.

Not exact matches

It reduces cylinder wall abrasion and contains a combustion catalyst as well as fuel stabilizers to help improve your fuel economy and driving experience.

In a modeling study of coal, oil, and natural gas, Zhang and Caldeira compared the warming caused by combustion to the warming caused by the carbon dioxide released by a single instance of burning, such as one lump of coal, and by a power plant that is continuously burning fuel.

Gasoline is a petroleum - derived liquid mixture consisting primarily of hydrocarbons, used as fuel in internal combustion engines.

Emerging technologies could make the internal combustion engine substantially more fuel - efficient, even as green vehicles make inroads

In addition, its «ecofining» process adds kinks in the chains to prevent them from easily stacking — or gelling — at cold temperatures, producing a diesellike fuel with as much as twice the combustion quality of the petroleum - derived variety.

When hydrocarbon - based fuels like methane are burned in normal air, nitrogen gets mixed in with the combustion product — flue gases from conventional gas power stations contain as little as 3 percent CO2 — which makes scrubbing carbon from power plant emissions difficult and expensive.

In the past, numerous studies have identified black carbon aerosols emitted from combustion of fossil fuels and residential biofuels as the dominant light - absorbing aerosol over South Asia.

An array of sensors inside the tunnel, one of the largest of its kind, can measure the combustion effects of wind speed, temperature, humidity, and different fuels such as leaves, twigs, grass, and bark.

Why do people fail to consider hydrogen as an internal combustion fuel?

I was not pleased to see, once again, that hydrogen is linked only with fuel - cell technology, which is «many years away» from mass production and costs several times as much as internal combustion technology.

They detected a cocktail of chemicals, including fuel components such as benzene, toluene and xylenes, and incomplete combustion products including acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acetonitrile.

The use of alcohol as a fuel for internal combustion engines, either alone or in combination with other fuels, has been given much attention mostly because of its possible environmental and long - term economical advantages over fossil fuel.

Other R&D efforts in alternative forms of power focus on developing fuel cells, alternative forms of combustion such as GDI and HCCI, and even the stored energy of compressed air.

Concerns about global warming and oil's imminent demise have caused scientists and policy - makers to look for solutions in both the future and the past: to new technologies such as nuclear fusion, multijunction photovoltaics, and fuel cells — and to traditional energy sources such as water power, wind power, and (sustainable) biomass cultivation (coupled with clean and energy - efficient combustion).

The precursors of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and human - made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide resulting from fossil fuel combustion.

«That's why we are concentrating on building high - technology combustion engine cars, hybrid cars, as well as electric cars powered either by batteries or fuel cells.

Because there is no combustion, fuel cells run extremely cleanly: Their emissions are just water and carbon dioxide, and they produce less than half as much CO2 per kilowatt - hour as do traditional power plants.

However, its future potential uses are significantly limited by scarcity and cost, as well as the fact that platinum readily binds with carbon monoxide, which «poisons» the desired reactions, for example in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which are the leading contenders for small - scale and mobile power generation not based on batteries or combustion engines.

Bond conceived the idea of using the ultracold liquid hydrogen fuel as a heat sink to take the excess heat out of the incoming air and use some of the hot air to support fuel combustion.

The reaction combines the hydroxyl molecule (OH, produced by reaction of oxygen and water) and carbon monoxide (CO, a byproduct of incomplete fossil fuel combustion) to form hydrogen (H) and carbon dioxide (CO2, a «greenhouse gas» contributing to global warming), as well as heat.

«(B) the nonemissive use, in 2012 or later, of petroleum - based or coal - based liquid or gaseous fuel, petroleum coke, natural gas liquid, or natural gas as a feedstock, if allowances or offset credits were retired for the greenhouse gases that would have been emitted from their combustion; and

These new trucks — which employ a diesel combustion engine along with a hydraulic high - pressure accumulator that stores energy captured during braking — get 35 percent better fuel economy and generate as much as 30 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions as compared to the non-hybrid diesel - powered vehicles they are replacing.

Over many decades lead (Pb) has been released into the atmosphere due to human activities, such as combustion of leaded fuel.

-- Where carbon dioxide (or another greenhouse gas) generated by a covered entity is used as an input in the production of algae - based fuels, the Administrator shall ensure that emission allowances are required to be held either for the carbon dioxide generated by a covered entity that is used to grow the algae or for the portion of the carbon dioxide emitted from combustion of the fuel produced from such algae that is attributable to carbon dioxide generated by a covered entity, but not for both.

Hydrogen - powered fuel cells are regarded as a clean alternative to conventional combustion engines, as, aside from electric energy, the only substance produced during operation is water.

In 1996, when climate research was more certain about the link between fossil fuel combustion and climate change than during the time of Shaw's memo, Exxon's new chairman and chief executive Lee Raymond said in a speech in Detroit: «Currently, the scientific evidence is inconclusive as to whether human activities are having a significant effect on the global climate.»

By comparison, scenarios for fossil fuel emissions for the 21st century range from about 600 billion tons (if we can keep total global emissions at current levels) to over 2500 billion tons if the world increases its reliance on combustion of coal as economic growth and population increase dramatically.

As a result, this new combustion strategy requires detailed knowledge of fundamental mechanisms, including fuel spray and mixture preparation, detailed ignition chemistry mechanisms and concurrent numerical approaches to turbulence modeling and simultaneous reaction chemistry modeling.

Black carbon is the term used for sooty particles produced by fossil fuel combustion and come from things such as automobile exhaust and biomass burning.

Renewable diesel generated via TCP is similar to other liquid fuels with respect to its physical properties and combustion performance as demonstrated by the table below.

The capabilities of Test Cell 1 include a fuel / air combustion skid for energy input; cooling systems for heat removal; 130 kW eddy - current dynamometer for precision power measurements; and instrumentation, system protection, and power control channels.For measuring the thermal output of fuel - fired thermal energy systems, such as a gas - fired liquid - metal evaporator for Stirling engines, Test Cell 1 offers a gas - gap calorimeter, which simulates the engine by allowing the liquid metal to condense at operating temperatures.

Natural gas is a fossil fuel — like oil and coal — and it does produce carbon dioxide as a result of the combustion process.

Coral is already threatened by insidious change in sea water chemistry as ever more carbonic acid — from dissolved atmospheric carbon dioxide, the product of the combustion of fossil fuels — gets into the sea.

Metaphorically, debaters discover the fire, make internal combustion engines which bang and eventually act as two co-pilots of a plane: they switch on gases, engines begin to buzz, making together the synchronized operations allowing the take - off until the plane reaches its cruising speed: The rhythm and logic fueling each other.

There's no such thing as a free lunch, however, and racing rules say that by improving its hybrid system, Audi's internal combustion engine must use 2.5 percent less fuel than before.

As well, an inductive ignition will have a longer spark ensuring proper ignition of fuel in the combustion chamber, a CDI ignition can have a more powerful spark with a short longevity.

Bentley overhauled the engine with a new combustion chamber, spark plug position, inlet ports, and fuel injectors, as well as revising the variable valve timing and turbocharger systems to help the V - 8 belt out an additional 25 hp and 59 lb - ft of torque.

Due to incomplete combustion, the fuel would even ignite in the exhaust system, as visible by blue flames at night inside the pipe.

Basically engine shuts off when the vehicle is not moving to save fuel and as soon as the driver touches the throttle pedal, depending upon the load demand (aka throttle position etc.) fuel and spark timing is calculated by the computer and combustion begins to keep the vehicle transition smooth.

This would then result in combustion being further along as the piston passed top dead center as compared to 87 octane fuel.

As long as they open and close fast enough so that you can get enough fuel into the cylinder prior to each combustion stroke, it doesn't matter what their latency iAs long as they open and close fast enough so that you can get enough fuel into the cylinder prior to each combustion stroke, it doesn't matter what their latency ias they open and close fast enough so that you can get enough fuel into the cylinder prior to each combustion stroke, it doesn't matter what their latency is.

Electric powertrains are more efficient than internal combustion powertrains2 and are able to perform the same amount of work as other vehicles while using less fuel.

During induction, the injector fires a lean fuel mist into the combustion chamber as a belt - driven supercharger pushes air into the mix.

Due to the behavior of the working fluid (air and fuel mixture) before and after combustion, which have physical limitations on their flow, as well as their interaction with the ignition spark, the optimal valve timing, lift and duration settings under low RPM engine operations are very different from those under high RPM.

INFINITI's VC - Turbo technology marks a significant leap forward for the internal combustion engine, joining other renowned powertrain innovations such as liquid - cooling, fuel injection, catalytic convertors, and turbocharging.

In some engines, especially for turbine engine blade cooling and liquid rocket engine cooling, fuel is used as a coolant, as it is simultaneously preheated before injecting it into a combustion chamber.