Sentences with phrase «fuel emission scenarios»

The authors first simulated flow in the ice sheet's streams and shelves in response to various fossil fuel emission scenarios after the year 2010.

ECS is shorthand for the amount of warming expected, given a particular fossil - fuel emissions scenario.

ECS is shorthand for the amount of warming expected, given a particular fossil - fuel emissions scenario.

By examining past ice shelf collapse and projecting the next century of temperature change onto current ice shelves, Trusel and his fellow researchers found a huge difference between a business - as - usual fossil fuel emission scenario, in which ice melt may increase eight-fold, and a scenario where emissions are stabilized relatively rapidly and ice melt remains relatively linear.

Not exact matches

The long - term warming over the 21st century, however, is strongly influenced by the future rate of emissions, and the projections cover a wide variety of scenarios, ranging from very rapid to more modest economic growth and from more to less dependence on fossil fuels.

Naomi Zimmerman and colleagues analyzed four scenarios based on reported black carbon emissions from both traditional port fuel injection engines and newer gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines.

Yet if greenhouse - gas emissions from burning fossil fuels are not reduced at all, in a business - as - usual scenario, water management will clearly not suffice to outweigh the negative climate effects.

By comparison, scenarios for fossil fuel emissions for the 21st century range from about 600 billion tons (if we can keep total global emissions at current levels) to over 2500 billion tons if the world increases its reliance on combustion of coal as economic growth and population increase dramatically.

Continued use of fossil fuels into the 21st century is predicted to lead to atmospheric CO2 levels > 900 ppm by 2100 (under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5; Meinshausen et al., 2011), though the precise level is highly dependent on the emission scenario (Pachauri et al., 2014).

Normalized well - to - wake GHG emissions for low -, baseline - and high - emission cases for jet fuel pathways under different land use change scenarios.

This scenario would change if there were a significant tax on carbon emissions, or if an equivalent economic penalty were imposed on fossil - fueled plants through a cap on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions or a requirement that CO2 be sequestered.

The Met Office Hadley Centre (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions greater than B1).

I think it is important to stress that with the current growth of fossil fuel emissions we are above the highest IPCC emissions scenario (RCP 8.5), at least for fossil fuel combustion.

Cumulative fossil fuel emissions in this scenario are ∼ 129 GtC from 2013 to 2050, with an additional 14 GtC by 2100.

Now let us compare the 1 °C (500 GtC fossil fuel emissions) and the 2 °C (1000 GtC fossil fuel emissions) scenarios.

Under low - load scenarios, the 1.5 - litre turbo engine will effectively cut down to a 1.0 - litre 2 - cylinder turbo motor to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

On average worldwide we need approximately 8 + tonnes CO2e / ha / yr sequestered in agricultural soils to reach a drawdown scenario based on current worldwide fossil fuel emissions.

I think it is important to stress that with the current growth of fossil fuel emissions we are above the highest IPCC emissions scenario (RCP 8.5), at least for fossil fuel combustion.

Future scenarios of climate change necessarily consider social change as well, and fuel prices are a component of these scenarios; fuel use being relatively inelastic affects consideration of social change, which affects emissions, which effects climate.

The post-2000 growth rate exceeds the most fossil - fuel - dependent A1F1 emissions scenario developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in the late 1990s.

Furthermore, if you are talking about a 70 % reduction in CO2 emissions over 1990 levels (a reasonable target, but I do look forward to seeing the new IPCC outcomes for different emissions scenarios) then you can still use fossil fuels to meet that 30 % demand.

Each color denotes a plausible scenario of how the world may choose to cut fossil fuel emissions.

«Under a high emissions scenario, where we don't make significant changes to our fossil fuel use, applications could increase by 188 percent — nearly tripling.»

Premature deaths worldwide from outdoor air pollution rise from 3 million today to more than 4 million in 2040 in the New Policies Scenario, even though pollution control technologies are applied more widely and other emissions are avoided because energy services are provided more efficiently or (as with wind and solar) without fuel combustion.

Our modelling focuses on scenarios projecting how rapidly we can gain significant national fleet - wide reductions in fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions — with and without new PHEVs, conversions, other efficiencies, and low - carbon biofuels.

LONDON, NEW YORK March 8 — Fossil fuel companies risk wasting $ 1.6 trillion of expenditure by 2025 if they base their business on emissions policies already announced by governments instead of international climate goals, Carbon Tracker warns in a report released today, that models the IEA's 1.75 C scenario for the first time.

Emissions growth for 2000 - 2007 was above even the most fossil fuel intensive scenario of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (SRES - IPCC).

Despite the fact that emissions from fossil fuels vary widely between the scenarios, the IPCC regarded all the scenarios as equally likely.

It cited «plausible scenarios in which GHG [greenhouse gas] emissions from corn - grain ethanol are much higher than those of petroleum - based fuels,» and questioned the method by which EPA determined that ethanol would produce 21 percent less emissions.

The domain - wide average gas phase MSA concentration is not significantly sensitive to the scenario chosen for sulfur fossil fuel emissions.

It said the only way to avoid the pessimistic scenarios will be radical transformations in the ways the global economy currently functions, rapid uptake of renewable energy, sharp falls in fossil fuel use or massive deployment of CCS, removal of industrial emissions and halting deforestation.

From the abstract: «The emission scenarios used by the IPCC and by mainstream climate scientists are largely derived from the predicted demand for fossil fuels, and in our view take insufficient consideration of the constrained emissions that are likely due to the depletion of these fuels.

For example, the acceleration in fossil fuel CO2 emissions is tracking the worst case scenarios used by the IPCC AR4 (Copenhagen Diagnosis 2009).

Figure 1: Observed global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement production compared with IPCC emissions scenarios.

This paper, by contrast, takes a supply - side view of CO2 emission, and generates two supply - driven emission scenarios based on a comprehensive investigation of likely long - term pathways of fossil fuel production drawn from peer - reviewed literature published since 2000.

A quick glance at the graph you cite shows the projected CO2 levels under a scenario with us limiting Fossil Fuel Emissions — this is the projection IF we take action to limit fossil fuel Fuel Emissions — this is the projection IF we take action to limit fossil fuel fuel use.

The worst - case emissions pathway, RCP8.5, is a scenario that burns a huge amount of fossil fuels, especially coal.

Based on this source list, future CH4 emission trajectories depend upon such variables as volumes of fossil fuels used in the scenarios, regional demographic and affluence developments, and assumptions on preferred diets and agricultural practices.

He says the entire basis for the doomsday climate change scenario so beloved of politicians and scientists is the hypothesis that increased atmospheric carbon dioxide due to fossil fuel emissions will heat our planet to temperatures that would make it uninhabitable.

Now, I'll illustrate the emissions scenario from potential burning of tar sands oil and other unconventional fossil fuels (UFF) as contrasted with conventional fossil fuels (oil, gas, and coal).

Future fossil - fuel carbon emissions for our Producer - Limited Profile, together with the 40 IPCC scenarios.

In scientific literature a few comparisons between the SRES projections and reality exist, like a 2007 PNAS study, which stated «The emissions growth rate since 2000 was greater than for the most fossil - fuel intensive of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions scenarios developed in the late 1990s.»

RCP8.5 is a scenario of «comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions «brought about by rapid population growth, high energy demand, fossil fuel dominance and an absence of climate change policies.

RCP8.5 represents the worst - case emissions scenario and assumes high, unregulated economic growth and increased burning of fossil fuels.

It is our contention that this scenario reflects the minimum level of constraint that can be expected in terms of future fossil fuel demand and CO2 emissions given the current state of the low - carbon transition.

Regarding fossil fuel CO2 emissions, specifically (CO2 data here): NASA and Hansen's «BAU» Scenario A was proposed at a time when CO2 emissions were growing: since 1972, the 15 years ending 1987 the world emitted 285 billion tonnes of CO2.

Using one of the IPCC's simpler climate models, Rutledge forecasts that total CO2 emissions from fossil fuel will be lower than any of the IPCC scenarios.

Carbon capture and storage technology, which buries emissions underground, can play a role in the future, but even an optimistic scenario which sees 3,800 commercial projects worldwide would allow only an extra 4 % of fossil fuel reserves to be burned.

Climate change and energy policy with focus on energy technology policy assessment, energy supply policy assessment, renewable energy development and energy conservation, including energy and emission scenarios, assessment on energy and fuel tax, research on China's potential to achieve its energy targets and development of the Integrated Policy Assessment models.

In the experiment, greenhouse gas emissions in the coming century were assumed to follow a trajectory that climate modelers refer to as the A1B scenario, in which global economic growth is rapid and driven by a balanced portfolio of energy sources, including fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear.