Sentences with phrase «fuel emissions after»

China, India, Brazil and South Africa pressed industrial nations to agree to new restrictions on fossil fuel emissions after current ones in the Kyoto Protocol expire in 2012.

Not exact matches

After becoming governor of California, he pushed for stricter emissions standards and converted three of his four Hummers to run on alternative fuels.

The accord, which seeks to phase out greenhouse gas emissions this century with a shift from fossil fuels, says in its Article 28 that any country wanting to pull out after joining up has to wait four years.

For cars registered on or after March 1 2001, the rate of VED is based in fuel type and CO2 emissions.

After all, no one has ever died in a commercial nuclear power accident on American soil; in contrast, emissions from fossil - fuel plants kill 24,000 Americans each year, according to a 2004 report commissioned by the Clean Air Task Force, an environmental group.

«If we can accurately measure that concentration after it's been diluted, we can calculate how much fossil fuel emissions are in the mix.»

They used those readings to estimate NOx emissions from soil, after subtracting local estimates from the CARB California Emissions Projection Analysis Model of NOx emissions derived from fossemissions from soil, after subtracting local estimates from the CARB California Emissions Projection Analysis Model of NOx emissions derived from fossEmissions Projection Analysis Model of NOx emissions derived from fossemissions derived from fossil fuels.

Atmospheric concentrations of the most ubiquitous greenhouse gas reached 381 parts - per - million in 2006 after emissions of CO2 from burning fossil fuels rose to 8.4 billion metric tons (1.85 x 1013 pounds) per year, according to figures from the United Nations, British Petroleum and the U.S. Geological Survey.

Human emissions however are on the decline in many countries due to more strict pollution controls on power plants like burning low - sulfur fuel and technological advances to remove it during and after combustion.

To stick to the budget, any fossil fuels that would take us over-budget will either have to be left in the ground, or the emissions captured before or after entering the atmosphere.

The new study, published last week in the journal Environmental Research Letters, showed that emissions of sulfur dioxide, a common air pollutant released during coal and fossil fuel combustion, increased from 2000 to 2006, after which they started to decline.

In contrast, warming reaches 1.5 °C and stays above 1 °C until after 2400 if emissions continue to increase until 2030, even though fossil fuel emissions are phased out rapidly (5 % / year) after 2030 and 100 GtC reforestation occurs during 2030 — 2080.

Modern cars (at least in Europe) often automatically cut the engine after a few seconds when the car is stopped and the transmission is in neutral, to save fuel and exhaust emission pollution.

A couple of years later, after the industry was turned upside down by soaring oil prices and economic turmoil, governments began mandating tough new limits on fuel economy and carbon - dioxide emissions.

Just a few months after the successful launch of the new A-Class, Mercedes - Benz is now adding two particularly fuel - efficient and eco-friendly BlueEFFICIENCY Edition models to the range: with a fuel consumption figure of 3.6 l / 100 km according to the MVEG cycle and CO2 emissions of just 92 g / km, the A 180 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition is the most fuel - efficient Mercedes - Benz of all time.

* Horsepower and torque expected to top previous model (testing is ongoing — check media.gm.com for updates) * NOx emissions reduced at least 63 percent over 2010 models * Quieter operation * High - pressure (30,000 psi / 2, 000 bar) Piezo - actuated fuel system for greater fuel efficiency, improved performance and reduced emissions * Exhaust brake system that enables controlled vehicle slowdown on downhill grades without actuating the brakes * Selective catalytic reduction after - treatment system using diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) injection to provide the best overall diesel characteristics and performance — with a range of about 5,000 miles (8,000 km) between DEF refills * Combustion and after - treatment have been optimized to provide about 700 miles (1,125 km) between diesel particulate filter regenerations — a 75 - percent improvement over the previous system and significant contributor to improved fuel efficiency, as the regeneration process requires additional fuel * B20 biodiesel capability for an alternative fueling option * Internal revisions that improve durability

Experimenting with alternative technologies represents the company's long - term strategy after the announcement in 2007 of a five - year plan to reduce fuel consumption and emissions across the range.

The model equipped with Mazda's SKYACTIV - D 2.2 clean diesel engine meets Japan's Post New Long - Term Emissions Regulations without an expensive NOx after - treatment device, while at the same time delivering excellent fuel economy of 18.6 km / L (JC08 mode), the highest of any SUV * 2, and maximum torque of 420Nm, delivering powerful dynamic performance equivalent to a 4.0 L, V8 gasoline engine.

One of the key considerations when looking at hybrids is the fuel economy and CO2 emission performance - it's primarily the reason they exist after all.

Millions of fans worldwide will be able to virtually drive the new BMW M2 Competition (combined fuel consumption: 9.9 — 10.0 l / 100 km; combined CO2 emissions: 225 — 228 g / km) in the popular CSR Racing 2 mobile racing game just a few hours after its world premiere at the Beijing Motor Show.

In addition to an integrated intake system with mirror - image porting for optimized engine breathing; low - inertia turbocharger; high - pressure fuel injection system that is more responsive, quieter and offers more precise fuel delivery; and standard selective catalytic reduction emissions after - treatment that contributes to improved NOx reduction, the 2.0 - liter EcoBlue features multiple innovations that reduce friction, including:

A lot of hay has been made recently about how sad it is that 30 years after cars like the Excel, we've only achieved moderate increases in fuel economy, but emissions have decreased dramatically.

After all, the reality is that Obama has moved pretty aggressively, if quietly, to roll out restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions through regulations, tighter standards for energy use and vehicle fuel economy and pursue policies fostering a shift from coal to gas.

After a short dip in 2009 due to the global financial crisis, emissions from fossil fuels rebounded in 2010 and have since grown 2.6 percent each year, hitting an all - time high of 9.7 billion tons of carbon in 2012.

The authors first simulated flow in the ice sheet's streams and shelves in response to various fossil fuel emission scenarios after the year 2010.

Even after decades of increasingly dire warnings, the US has still not passed comprehensive federal legislation to combat global warming; Canada has abandoned past pledges in order to exploit its emissions - heavy tar sands; China continues to depend on coal for its energy production; Indonesia's effort to stem widespread deforestation is facing stiff resistance from industry; Europe is mulling pulling back on its more ambitious cuts if other nations do not join it; northern nations are scrambling to exploit the melting Arctic for untapped oil and gas reserves; and fossil fuels continue to be subsidized worldwide to the tune of $ 400 billion.

After fossil fuel use, deforestation is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, climate experts point out.

After all, the goal of reducing CO2 emissions by eliminating fossil fuel usage was there right at the start, when the mainstream scientific view was still that negative feedbacks dominated the system.

After incorporating these «indirect emission» effects from changes in land use, often into areas valuable as carbon sinks, the analysis found that biofuels produced from vegetable oils are likely to be worse for the climate than fossil fuels.

After the UK general election in May 2010, the Global Warming Policy Foundation began lobbying the Conservative and Liberal Democrat coalition government to stop subsidies for alternatives fuels and encouraged the government to abandon the UK's emissions reductions targets.

Proposed Australian coal export projects collectively have been identified as the second largest proposed expansion of fossil fuel CO2 emissions after Chinese coal mining.

This remains true after accounting for emissions during manufacture, construction and fuel supply.

--(i) Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this paragraph, the Administrator and the Secretary of Agriculture shall jointly arrange for the National Academies of Science to review and report on specified issues related to indirect greenhouse gas emissions related to transportation fuels.

--(i) In the event of a positive determination under subparagraph (C), the Administrator and the Secretary of Agriculture shall, after notice and an opportunity for public comment, by the same date jointly establish a methodology (or methodologies) to calculate greenhouse gas emissions from indirect land use changes that are attributable to the production of renewable fuels and that occur outside the country in which feedstocks are grown for purposes of calculating a renewable fuel's lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions to determine whether the fuel meets a definition in paragraph (1) or complies with paragraph (2)(A)(i).

Deforestation is the second largest source of climate - heating carbon emissions after fossil fuels.

After Britain's Royal Society sent a letter criticizing the company for spreading «inaccurate and misleading» views on climate science and funding denial in September, Exxon made what is believed to be its first public acknowledgement that fossil fuels are a «major source» of climate - changing emissions.

It would mean that global carbon dioxide pollution from fossil fuels may decline after 2026, a contrast with the International Energy Agency's central forecast, which sees emissions rising steadily for decades to come.

The amendment required fuel suppliers to reduce the lifecycle of greenhouse gas emissions from transport fuels by 1 % each year after 2011.

It would make sense that airlines are already pushing to make their planes as efficient as possible: fuel efficiency, after all, is directly related to carbon emissions — and it's part of their bottom lines.

CO2 emission has nothing to do with global mean temperature as its patterns before and after mid 20th century, before and after wide spread use of fossil fuel, are nearly identical.

In contrast, warming reaches 1.5 °C and stays above 1 °C until after 2400 if emissions continue to increase until 2030, even though fossil fuel emissions are phased out rapidly (5 % / year) after 2030 and 100 GtC reforestation occurs during 2030 — 2080.

The four key differences are: 1) unlike the Energy Policy Conservation Act (EPCA), the CAA [Clean Air Act] allows for the crediting of direct emission reductions and indirect fuel economy benefits from improved air conditioners, allowing for greater compliance flexibility and lower costs; 2) EPCA allows Flexible Fuel Vehicle (FFV) credits through model year 2019, whereas the EPA standard requires demonstration of actual use of a low carbon fuel after model year 2015; 3) EPCA allows for the payment of fines in lieu of compliance but the CAA does not; and 4) treatment of intra firm trading of compliance credits between cars and light trucks categoriefuel economy benefits from improved air conditioners, allowing for greater compliance flexibility and lower costs; 2) EPCA allows Flexible Fuel Vehicle (FFV) credits through model year 2019, whereas the EPA standard requires demonstration of actual use of a low carbon fuel after model year 2015; 3) EPCA allows for the payment of fines in lieu of compliance but the CAA does not; and 4) treatment of intra firm trading of compliance credits between cars and light trucks categorieFuel Vehicle (FFV) credits through model year 2019, whereas the EPA standard requires demonstration of actual use of a low carbon fuel after model year 2015; 3) EPCA allows for the payment of fines in lieu of compliance but the CAA does not; and 4) treatment of intra firm trading of compliance credits between cars and light trucks categoriefuel after model year 2015; 3) EPCA allows for the payment of fines in lieu of compliance but the CAA does not; and 4) treatment of intra firm trading of compliance credits between cars and light trucks categories.50

This would have been a significant first step, yet the agreement instantly came under attack from the fossil - fuel lobby in the United States and Australia, and the recalcitrant parties managed to insert so many loopholes in the protocol that, after several international meetings culminating in a conference in Marrakech in 2001, it would, if implemented, result in minimal reductions in the rich countries» greenhouse gas emissions.

(B) Fossil fuel emissions terminate at the end of 2015, 2030, or 2050 and land use emissions terminate after 2015 in all three cases, i.e., thereafter there is no net deforestation.

«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.

Despite this emasculation of the protocol, soon after his election in 2001 President Bush (whose victory was widely believed to have been financed by fossil - fuel giants such as Exxon and Enron) declared that even minimal emission cuts would be too costly and repudiated the protocol completely.

After considering the fuel and carbon dioxide emissions that are required to manufacture an artificial tree and ship it to the United States, you would need to use your artificial tree for approximately twenty years to make it a better choice than a real tree.

As Jan Minx, from the Department Economics of Climate Change of the Technical University Berlin and co-author of the PNAS article explains: «Most of the change in in global emission patterns is mirrored in China and Russia: While Chinese emissions increased dramatically in the last two decades, significantly also fueling increasing consumption in OECD countries, emissions from Russia and Ukraine fell significantly after 1990».

For decades, tropical deforestation has been the No. 1 cause of species extinctions and the No. 2 cause of human greenhouse gas emissions, after the burning of fossil fuels.

The study included carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels and producing chemicals and cement but excluded emissions from activities like deforestation and logging, forest and peat fires, the decay of biomass after burning and decomposition of organic carbon in drained peat soils.