It discriminates both on its face, and as applied, against transportation fuels and
fuel feedstocks imported from outside of California with the intended effect of (i) promoting in - state production of transportation fuels, and (ii) «keep [ing] consumer dollars local by reducing the need to make fuel purchases from beyond [California's] borders.»
Agricultural waste and other
fuel feedstocks are packed with oxygen that needs to be replaced with hydrogen.
«The Abu Dhabi project is a ground - breaking and important project based on gas feedstock, but Rio Tinto prefers to focus on projects with solid
fuel feedstocks, which are better aligned with our other businesses,» Mr Chiaro said.
The study examines options for lessening the effects of expanding agricultural production prompted by fuels, such as using currently marginal or degraded land for
fuels feedstock production.
«Ethylene stands out a little bit because it's not a fuel, but it can be
a fuel feedstock.»
Not exact matches
The incentive for turning all this raw
feedstock into a usable
fuel «is not going to be enhancing healthcare or making people better,» Quackenbush says flatly.
The
fuel has already replaced oil as a petrochemical
feedstock, home heating
fuel and in electricity generation.
Ervin said cutting off light oil supplies through Trans Mountain would hurt Alberta - based Parkland
Fuels Corp., which bought the 55,000 - barrel - per - day Burnaby refinery last year and has enjoyed good margins thanks to its access to low - cost Alberta
feedstock.
With an ultimate
feedstock capacity of one million barrels a day and «near net zero» emissions, the refinery would produce high - margin products such as kerosene and aviation
fuel for the Asian market.
Generally speaking, spreads between what refineries pay for
feedstock (bitumen, crude) and what they charge for processed
fuels have been razor thin.
Methanol production is also experiencing a global resurgence, particularly in China where the finished product — typically extracted from solid waste / biomass, but also from natural gas and coal
feedstocks — is widely used in chemical production and industrial processes, as well as in blended vehicle
fuel.
Bio-jet
fuels derived from oil - rich
feedstocks, such as camelina and algae, have been successfully tested in proof of concept flights.
Some of the other projects involve the development of proton exchange membrane for
fuel cell application, a gyroscope based on micro-electromechanical technology and research on innovative engineering materials to fabricate ceramic membranes that can partially oxidize methane to syngas used as
feedstock in commercial methanol production.
I think we'll need to make a transition to a point where our
fuel is coming from other
feedstocks in combination with petroleum.»
«We're going to use a lot of different
feedstocks so if you had to use a different
fuel tank for each
fuel that would be a big problem.»
Unlike other solid - to - liquid -
fuel processes such as cornstarch into ethanol, this one will accept almost any carbon - based
feedstock.
«If the
feedstock is available, we can process it to make
fuels of the same capability.»
«If you're expecting to have hundreds of millions of gallons of jet
fuel in the next five years produced from a plant
feedstock, it's almost certainly going to be Camelina.»
«Oil - to - Jet is one of the direct and efficient routes to convert bio-based
feedstocks to jet
fuel,» said Vijay Singh, Director of the Integrated Bioprocessing Research Laboratory.
Domestic industries can make it from a range of chemical
feedstocks and energy sources (for instance, from renewable, nuclear and fossil -
fuel sources), and the nontoxic gas could serve as a virtually pollution - free energy carrier for machines of many kinds.
When you go to Washington to get stuff, sometimes you get the wrong stuff, like subsidies for corn ethanol — the wrong
feedstock for the wrong
fuel.
«Oil companies have processes to turn this [syngas] into gasoline, diesel
fuel and jet
fuel,» said Rich Masel, CEO of Dioxide Materials and a retired professor, pointing out how companies like BP PLC have operated synthetic
fuel facilities for 20 years, albeit using natural gas instead of recycled carbon as a
feedstock.
The potential
feedstocks to be used by the company to make renewable jet
fuel seemed unlimited.
Also, while electrolysis uses a renewable
feedstock (water), burning fossil
fuels at a power plant to run an electrolysis machine undermines the
fuel's low - carbon attributes.
HTL may also be used to make
fuel from other types of wet organic
feedstock, such as agricultural waste.
Then the company used custom - designed microbes to produce the new
fuels by fermentation from a conventional ethanol
feedstock.
«Hydrogen is seen as an important future energy carrier as the world moves from fossil
fuels to renewable
feedstocks, and our research has shown that even garden grass could be a good way of getting hold of it.»
Because platinum is at the center of many clean energy and green chemicals production technologies, such as
fuel cells, catalytic converters, and value - added chemicals from bio-renewable
feedstocks, the new, less expensive platinum - copper catalysts could facilitate broader adoption of such environmentally friendly devices and processes, she added.
It also could be valuable as a
feedstock for generating green electricity and as an ingredient in environmentally friendly
fuel cells to power cars and trucks.
By blocking the production of polymers, the researchers found that molecular structure of its lignin was altered and became less complex, making for a more easily digestible
feedstock to turn into
fuels.
«(B) the term «nonemissive use» means the use of fossil
fuel as a
feedstock in an industrial or manufacturing process to the extent that greenhouse gases are not emitted from such process, and to the extent that the products of such process are not intended for use as, or to be contained in, a
fuel; and
«(B) the nonemissive use, in 2012 or later, of petroleum - based or coal - based liquid or gaseous
fuel, petroleum coke, natural gas liquid, or natural gas as a
feedstock, if allowances or offset credits were retired for the greenhouse gases that would have been emitted from their combustion; and
The algae uses CO2 from air or industrial emitters with sunlight and saltwater to create
fuel while dramatically reducing the carbon footprint, costs and water usage, with no reliance on food crops as
feedstocks.
He has excelled in three disparate areas of inorganic chemistry; modern f - element chemistry, energy production and storage, and advances in conversion of biologically derived carbohydrates into chemical
feedstocks and
fuels.
Sundrop
Fuels will convert sustainable forest residues and thinnings as
feedstock combined with natural gas into bio-based «green gasoline» by using a commercially - proven... Read more →
If sufficient hydrogen is available, nearly all of the carbon in the coal or biomass
feedstock to a Fischer - Tropsch plant would end up in the
fuel products and not in the air, eliminating the need to capture and sequester carbon dioxide, the authors said.
In the syngas upgrading to hydrocarbon
fuels pathway, biomass
feedstocks are gasified to produce a syngas (H2 / CO), which is used as a
feedstock for hydrocarbon biofuel production.
A
feedstock - only pathway allows a
fuel producer... Read more →
The California Air Resources Board has issued Sustainable Oils Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Global Clean Energy Holdings, a
feedstock - only pathway for the production of camelina - based
fuels under the Low Carbon
Fuel Standard (LCFS).
His work includes research on catalyzed reactions involving fossil
fuels and bio-based
feedstocks.
Due to diminishing petroleum reserves, non-food biomass (lignocellulose) is an attractive alternative as a
feedstock for the production of renewable chemicals and
fuels.
The system is remarkably efficient, converting up to 99 percent of a
feedstock like algae into crude that can be further refined into aviation, gasoline, and diesel
fuel.
He did his postdoctoral work in the lab of Jay Keasling, a pioneer of engineering microbes that consume renewable
feedstock and spit out useful chemicals like diesel
fuel or fragrance molecules for the cosmetics industry.
GM has been a big proponent of flex
fuels, meaning E85 (85 % ethanol, 15 % gasoline) that gets worse mileage than regular gasoline but does win GM a EPA efficiency credit and is much beloved by America's corn farmers and others who like that the
feedstock for E85 is domestic.
This, of course, is both a big environmental problem (the escaping gas contributes to local smog) and a financial opportunity, particularly given that methane, besides having 25 times the climate impact of carbon dioxide when the gases are compared over a 100 - year period, is a
fuel and chemical
feedstock.
Rather we need to consider whether the
fuel is derived from an above - ground (good) or below - ground (bad)
feedstock.
Just been looking up the sources for commercial CO2 and here is a short exerpt from google: «The most common operations from which commercially - produced carbon dioxide is recovered are industrial plants which produce hydrogen or ammonia from natural gas, coal, or other hydrocarbon
feedstock, and large - volume fermentation operations in which plant products are made into ethanol for human consumption, automotive
fuel or industrial use.
One of the most important take - home points, to me, was the authors» endorsement of a rising role for natural gas as a
feedstock for producing liquid transportation
fuels.
Keep reading to learn more about who's making it, corn and other
feedstocks, and ethanol's effects on
fuel prices.
Around 99 % of the
feedstock for plastics is fossil
fuels, so we are looking at the same companies, like Exxon and Shell, that have helped create the climate crisis.