Some green optimists portray this fossil -
fuel infrastructure as itself a fossil — a relic that renewables are about to render unnecessary.
Not exact matches
In addition to tax changes (more on that below), Trump's plan to grow the economy focuses largely on generating more jobs in the fossil
fuel economy (in coal and onshore and offshore drilling for oil and gas) and
as a result of new
infrastructure projects.
To do this, we must take a look at all the factors that play into safeguarding our community from devastation, such
as developing smart
infrastructure, increasing mobility options, addressing the affordable housing crisis and closing the income inequality gap that is
fueling high levels of poverty throughout Miami - Dade County.
Continued progress in this sector is expected,
fueled by rising adoption, expanded charging
infrastructure,
as well
as state and local government incentives and regulations.
Construction costs for energy
infrastructure are falling
as Australia moves away from fossil
fuels and invests in renewable power and new battery storage facilities.
As Sachs writes, «Technological progress has been
fueled by the ongoing revolutions of basic science and spread by the power of global markets and public investments in health, education, and
infrastructure.»
Hurricane Maria hit the islands
as a powerful Category 4 storm, decimating
infrastructure and leaving many of the more than 3.4 million US citizens without power, communications, or access to food, water, and
fuel.
The protestors called upon Cuomo to support 100 % clean energy
as soon
as possible (Hawkins supports a target date of 2030); a ban on new fracked - gas / fossil -
fuel infrastructure; and a state carbon tax.
«If elected, I pledge to immediately direct DEC to half this and all other fossil
fuel infrastructure projects
as a threat to public health and safety.
As the state's environmental watchdog, the DEC will be responsible for approving or denying this project based on a variety of factors, including whether New York can meet its climate goals with the ongoing development of a fossil
fuel infrastructure.
They oppose all new fossil
fuel infrastructure, such
as the publicly - opposed methane gas storage expansion project at Crestwood.
But there are a number of complexities related to the viability of a new
fuel, Fretheim added, such
as the vehicle payback period, the need for new
infrastructure, overcoming maintenance issues and sourcing enough of an alternative
fuel to test it and to fully adopt it if it works.
The study examined
fuel savings from 16 emerging transportation technologies, such
as adaptive cruise control, eco-navigation, wireless communications to improve the efficiency of existing transportation
infrastructure, such
as traffic light synchronization.
Infrastructure limitations may prevent manufacturers at first from rolling out
fuel cell cars on the same wide scale
as electric vehicles, but they will be on the streets in increasing numbers by 2015.
With good compatibility with gasoline
infrastructure, isobutanol has properties that could make it a direct substitute for gas
as a vehicle
fuel.
Both Ash and Roney pointed out the need for full cost accounting for natural gas in order to figure out if it is cost - effective: The industry must measure the price of mining, shipping and
infrastructure for the
fuel,
as well
as the value of natural gas's environmental and health consequences.»
As hydrogen fuel cell vehicles continue to roll out in increasing numbers, the infrastructure for fueling them must expand as wel
As hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles continue to roll out in increasing numbers, the
infrastructure for
fueling them must expand
as wel
as well.
Synthetic
fuels have one particular advantage over batteries or hydrogen
as a route to low - carbon transport: by dropping in exactly where fossil
fuels are used now, they can reduce emissions dramatically without the need for major new
infrastructure or changes in consumer behaviour, which may be decisive in certain cases.
Because lipids from Y. lipolytica have chemical properties similar to those of diesel
fuel, they can be readily used
as biodiesel using current vehicles and existing
infrastructure at gas stations.
As for fossil fuel CO2 emissions, considering the large, long - lived fossil fuel infrastructure in place, the science is telling us that policy should be set to reduce emissions as rapidly as possibl
As for fossil
fuel CO2 emissions, considering the large, long - lived fossil
fuel infrastructure in place, the science is telling us that policy should be set to reduce emissions
as rapidly as possibl
as rapidly
as possibl
as possible.
«It can be used in existing engines and transported in existing pipelines,» whereas some current biofuels, such
as ethanol, do not fit
as well into today's commercial
fuel infrastructure, he said.
Daimler plans to help improve the
infrastructure for hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles and is aiming to have up to 400 hydrogen
fuel stations by 2023
as part of its H2 Mobility venture.
Toyota is proudly pairing the Prius with the new Mirai hydrogen
fuel cell vehicle of which the first three dozen or so were sold in October in California — with plans to ramp up
as infrastructure rolls out, into the Northeast corridor by end of 2016, and with more to follow.
The Tucson
Fuel Cell is on sale in California right now, and Hyundai may be rolling it out in other regions
as infrastructure comes on line.
- All models are certified by Japan's Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
as complying with the 2010 + 25 per cent
fuel economy standard.
The company is staying mum on the possibility of offering the HyMotion
as a production car in the States, and by that we mostly mean California, where there is actually some
infrastructure for hydrogen
fuel - cell cars, primarily in the Los Angeles area.
The rapidly growing
infrastructure to support the use of LNG
as a
fuel has been Chart's key driver.
In order to come to the RIGHT solution
as we develop a new energy
infrastructure, we need to acknowledge the reality of the effect of fossil
fuels on climate.
Once lauded
as the future of clean transportation and energy storage in a variety of other applications, hydrogen - based
fuel cell systems have a great many barriers to adoption, one of which is lack of hydrogen
infrastructure, and the other is the need to develop hydrogen production sources that aren't fossil
fuel - based or that require more energy to produce than can be released in the
fuel cell.
For years, it has often seemed that those most passionately pressing for a rapid transition from still - abundant fossil
fuels to non-polluting energy sources have been
as focused on attacking each others» arguments
as they have on fighting powerful interests defending the status quo (
as well
as perhaps the biggest foe — inertia, both in society and
infrastructure).
As always, energy efficiency improvements such as energy efficient lighting, adding insulation, and sealing leaks should be undertaken first.First Step: Replace Fossil Fuel Equipment Replacing building infrastructure may take some time, especially if you wait until the equipment needs replacin
As always, energy efficiency improvements such
as energy efficient lighting, adding insulation, and sealing leaks should be undertaken first.First Step: Replace Fossil Fuel Equipment Replacing building infrastructure may take some time, especially if you wait until the equipment needs replacin
as energy efficient lighting, adding insulation, and sealing leaks should be undertaken first.First Step: Replace Fossil
Fuel Equipment Replacing building
infrastructure may take some time, especially if you wait until the equipment needs replacing.
If we define «Adaptation to climate change»
as ending the use of fossil
fuels and quickly building renewable energy
infrastructure, then yes, there is opposition — from established fossil
fuel interests, mostly.
The question of where we would get enough biomass to replace fossil
fuels in a sustainable way could be very tricky,
as could be the question of how we build the
infrastructure required to ship all of the sequestered CO2 to sites where we can bury it cost - effectively.
The move throws one of Canada's biggest fossil
fuel infrastructure projects into doubt, with the company setting May 31
as a deadline to resolve issues around the project.
These include a significant investment in refining
infrastructure and technology to manufacture clean
fuels,
as well
as projects to monitor and reduce nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and greenhouse gas emissions, and expenditures for asset retirement obligations.
Low energy efficiency (~ 30 % round trip IIRC), but much lower costs and can leverage investments in gas and
fuel infrastructure,
as well
as avoiding conversion costs for vehicles, much heating, etc..
And a lack of coastal
infrastructure, such
as deepwater ports, means that spills of the heavy
fuel oil that powers most vessels could wreak havoc on both ecosystems and reputations, because clean - up missions would have to set out from much farther away and would take much longer to be effective.
The cost of fossil
fuels is pretty much the cost of the coal, oil and gas, although, of course, there are
infrastructure costs, but a reasonable estimate (and Eli is the most reasonable bunny you could ever meet,
as a colleague just wrote, reasonably insane perhaps, but reasonable nonetheless).
As the revolution unfolds over the next decade, the folly of investing in new fossil
fuel and nuclear
infrastructure will become increasingly clear.
And yet instead of focusing on deploying
infrastructure that can actually solve the problem, here we are planning and constructing
infrastructure that serves to expand our on - the - books fossil
fuel reserves beyond five times
as much
as the amount we have agreed to limit ourselves to burning.
The «market conditions» that these ethanol producers are referring to is the fact that the average price of ethanol has dropped some 30 percent since May,
as market subsidies combined with a lack of
infrastructure for its delivery and use have created a surplus of the renewable
fuel.
Other analyses cite the lack of an extensive hydrogen
infrastructure in the U.S.
as an ongoing challenge to
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle commercialization.
ABC on - line news, Nick Harmson, reported on 2018/02/12 that the facility would be developed by
infrastructure company Hydrogen Utility (H2U), it was expected to cost $ 117.5 m, would include a 15 MW electroliser (note that it was later decided to double the size of this)
as well
as an ammonia production facility, a 10 MW gas turbine and a 5 MW hydrogen
fuel cell.
There are imaginative proposals for transitioning to other
fuels for transportation, such
as hydrogen to power automotive
fuel cells, but this would require major
infrastructure investment and restructuring.
Global policies to cut shipping emissions could create massive new demand for LNG
as a bunker
fuel, with Europe in particular planning to invest nearly $ 2.4 bil in LNG refueling
infrastructure at both sea and inland ports to 2030.
Indeed,
as I argue in this article, I think it will be absolutely essential that we shift much of our current wasteful fossil
fuel use (e.g., shipping the same goods back and forth across the ocean, driving gas - powered private automobiles, and producing disposable consumer goods) toward building new
infrastructure for long - term resilience (e.g., local food economies, low - energy housing, greenspace, water catchment and storage, clean energy systems, trains, and, yes, wind - powered sea vessels!).
1 Executive Summary 2 Scope of the Report 3 The Case for Hydrogen 3.1 The Drive for Clean Energy 3.2 The Uniqueness of Hydrogen 3.3 Hydrogen's Safety Record 4 Hydrogen
Fuel Cells 4.1 Proton Exchange Membrane
Fuel Cell 4.2
Fuel Cells and Batteries 4.3
Fuel Cell Systems Durability 4.4
Fuel Cell Vehicles 5 Hydrogen
Fueling Infrastructure 5.1 Hydrogen Station Hardware 5.2 Hydrogen Compression and Storage 5.3 Hydrogen
Fueling 5.4 Hydrogen Station Capacity 6 Hydrogen
Fueling Station Types 6.1 Retail vs. Non-Retail Stations 6.1.1 Retail Hydrogen Stations 6.1.2 Non-Retail Hydrogen Stations 6.2 Mobile Hydrogen Stations 6.2.1 Honda's Smart Hydrogen Station 6.2.2 Nel Hydrogen's RotoLyzer 6.2.3 Others 7 Hydrogen
Fueling Protocols 7.1 SAE J2601 7.2 Related Standards 7.3
Fueling Protocols vs. Vehicle Charging 7.4 SAE J2601 vs. SAE J1772 7.5 Ionic Compression 8 Hydrogen Station Rollout Strategy 8.1 Traditional Approaches 8.2 Current Approach 8.3 Factors Impacting Rollouts 8.4 Production and Distribution Scenarios 8.5 Reliability Issues 9 Sources of Hydrogen 9.1 Fossil
Fuels 9.2 Renewable Sources 10 Methods of Hydrogen Production 10.1 Production from Non-Renewable Sources 10.1.1 Steam Reforming of Natural Gas 10.1.2 Coal Gasification 10.2 Production from Renewable Sources 10.2.1 Electrolysis 10.2.2 Biomass Gasification 11 Hydrogen Production Scenarios 11.1 Centralized Hydrogen Production 11.2 On - Site Hydrogen Production 11.2.1 On - site Electrolysis 11.2.2 On - Site Steam Methane Reforming 12 Hydrogen Delivery 12.1 Hydrogen Tube Trailers 12.2 Tanker Trucks 12.3 Pipeline Delivery 12.4 Railcars and Barges 13 Hydrogen Stations Cost Factors 13.1 Capital Expenditures 13.2 Operating Expenditures 14 Hydrogen Station Deployments 14.1 Asia - Pacific 14.1.1 Japan 14.1.2 Korea 14.1.3 China 14.1.4 Rest of Asia - Pacific 14.2 Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA) 14.2.1 Germany 14.2.2 The U.K. 14.2.3 Nordic Region 14.2.4 Rest of EMEA 14.3 Americas 14.3.1 U.S. West Coast 14.3.2 U.S. East Coast 14.3.3 Canada 14.3.4 Latin America 15 Selected Vendors 15.1 Air Liquide 15.2 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 15.3 Ballard Power Systems 15.4 FirstElement
Fuel Inc. 15.5 FuelCell Energy, Inc. 15.6 Hydrogenics Corporation 15.7 The Linde Group 15.8 Nel Hydrogen 15.9 Nuvera
Fuel Cells 15.10 Praxair 15.11 Proton OnSite / SunHydro 15.11.1 Proton Onsite 15.11.2 SunHydro 16 Market Forecasts 16.1 Overview 16.2 Global Hydrogen Station Market 16.2.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.2.2 Hydrogen Stations Capacity 16.2.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.3 Asia - Pacific Hydrogen Station Market 16.3.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.3.2 Hydrogen Stations Capacity 16.3.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.4 Europe, Middle East and Africa 16.4.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.4.2 Hydrogen Station Capacity 16.4.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.5 Americas 16.5.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.5.2 Hydrogen Station Capacity 16.5.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 17 Conclusions 17.1 Hydrogen
as a
Fuel 17.2 Rollout of
Fuel Cell Vehicles 17.3 Hydrogen Station Deployments 17.4 Funding Requirements 17.5 Customer Experience 17.6 Other Findings
To me this would appear to be a worst case scenario, based on the least developed economies building up energy
infrastructures largely using fossil
fuels, in order to pull their populations out of poverty,
as China and India are doing today (thereby reducing their rate of population growth
as they become more affluent and improving their carbon efficiencies) and the remaining societies continuing to improve their overall carbon efficiencies
as they have already been doing.
The LADWP approved a two year rate increase on the power side to pay for this investment,
as well
as to repair its crumbling
infrastructure, cover rising fossil
fuel costs, and more.
According to Shorting the Climate, a report documenting big bank support for fossil
fuel infrastructure, the top global and U.S. banks provided $ 785 billion for fossil
fuel infrastructure such
as coal and tar sands development from 2013 through 2015.