Not exact matches
The findings highlight the urgent need for policy - makers worldwide to re-think the issue as many decision - makers, national and internationally,
assume that fossil
fuel emissions can be offset through sequestering carbon by
planting trees and other land management practices.
Because
plants take up CO2 during photosynthesis, it has long been
assumed that they will provide a large carbon «sink» to help offset increases in atmospheric CO2 caused by the burning of fossil
fuels.
When an explosion blew off Unit 4's roof on 15 March,
plant operators
assumed the cause was hydrogen — and they feared it had come from
fuel in the pool that had been exposed to air.
Assuming you believe in economic efficiency and a free market, you should be advocating a reduction in subsidies to energy companies for production of electricity by nuclear and fossil -
fueled plants.
They
assumed a functioning lifetime of 40 years for a fossil
fuel plant and then did the sums.
For a power grid based on 100 % solar and wind power, with no energy storage and
assuming interconnection at the national European level only, the balancing capacity of fossil
fuel power
plants needs to be just as large as peak electricity demand.
Let's
assume consumption doubles until year X, but we get 80 % of our electricity from renewables by then, fossil
fuel power
plants running only 20 % of the time.
EPA's Clean Power Plan
assumes shutting down U.S. coal - fired power
plants will stop climate change, even if China, India, and other countries build thousands of new coal -
fueled generators over the next 20 years.
Figure 8 shows our stylized merit order for German fossil -
fuel (FF)
plant over 2024 - 28,
assuming a much higher increase in EUA prices than under our base case.
On the other hand, it is reasonable to
assume that natural market factors will gradually result in a reduction of ever more expensive fossil
fuel combustion as older coal - fired power
plants are shut down and replaced by nuclear
plants, as hybrid and electrical cars gradually replace gasoline and diesel driven ones, and as energy efficiency is improved and waste reduced.
Because
plants take up CO2 during photosynthesis, it has long been
assumed that they will provide a large carbon «sink» to help offset increases in atmospheric CO2 caused by the burning of fossil
fuels.
Atmospheric CO2 is likely to increase to around 640 ppmv *,
assuming — There will be no global Kyoto type climate initiatives — Human CO2 emissions increase with human population — Global per capita human fossil
fuel use increases by 30 % by 2100 (it increased by 20 % from 1970 to today)-- Population growth is estimated to slow down sharply, with population reaching 10.5 billion by 2100 (* Note that this could be lower by around 60 ppmv if there is a concerted switch to nuclear power instead of coal for new power
plants)
We can also free up more to spike the buildout rate beyond the self - sustainable rate by making efficiency improvements (
assuming we are willing to give the fossil
fuel plants a few extra years before shutdown), that could be directed towards a renewables buildout.