After Jesus» arrival, the Jews were sometimes understood to have exhausted their historical
function, or
as St. Augustine argued, to persist
as a suffering and scattered witness of their
sinful rejection of the new covenant.
They predicted the Fall, or saw it in retrospect,
as the judgment of God upon an unfaithful and
sinful nation, but they understood the
function of the catastrophe to be ultimately, like the Exodus event, positive and redemptive in character.