Not exact matches
To pick an example from the cosmology chapter, if the strong
nuclear force, one of the four
fundamental forces recognised by modern physics, and which controls amongst other things the burning of the Sun, were slightly larger or slightly smaller, we could not exist.
But gravity is also one of the universe's four
fundamental forces (the others being electromagnetism, and the strong and weak
nuclear forces).
The standard model of particle physics does a great job of accounting for the
fundamental particles of nature and three of the
forces that act upon them — the weak and strong
nuclear forces, and the electromagnetic
force.
A
nuclear clock could be used to test whether the strength of the
fundamental forces of nature changes over time.
Each of the four
fundamental forces (gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak
nuclear forces) has a kind of theoretical knob that can be turned up or down to change its strength.
Now these
fundamental matter particles interact by means of
forces and within quantum mechanics we believe that these
forces are mediated by quantum, by particles, and so we have the electromagnetic
force mediated by photons which are massless; we have the weak nuclei
force mediated by massive particles which are called W and Z and we have the strong
nuclear force mediated by massless gluons.
If experiments now in the works prove them right, it means that previous calculations of the strong
nuclear force, one of the most
fundamental forces in the universe, may be wrong.
Today the Standard Model of particle physics organizes all the known elementary particles into these patterns (or «representations»), but it takes a combination of three Lie groups to account for how the particles can interact via three
fundamental forces (electromagnetism and the strong and weak
nuclear forces).
Along with gravity, the electromagnetic interaction and weak
nuclear force, strong - interactions are one of four
fundamental forces.
The
force would operate in addition to the four
fundamental forces familiar to physicists: gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak
nuclear forces.
She also played a key role in the accurate determination of two - and three - nucleon
forces grounded in the
fundamental theory of quantum chromodynamics, delivering an internationally widely adopted model that provides a good description of
nuclear structure and reaction properties of light nuclei.
The discovery of the Higgs boson represents the final piece of the puzzle in the Standard Model of particle physics, a theory that describes how three of the four
fundamental forces — electromagnetic, weak and strong
nuclear forces — interact at the subatomic level (but does not include gravity).